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Hydnophora microconos

Spine Coral

Multimedia & Additional Resources

Type	Description	Download
Image:	Colony & skeletal detail showing monticules	89KB
Image:	Colony, Guam	67KB
Image:	Colony, Guam	74KB
Image:	Colony, Guam	70KB

General Information

COMMON NAMES: Spine Coral

GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION: NATIVE e.Africa - French Polynesia

COOK ISLANDS STATUS: Native; S.Group; ? N.Group; Marine, near-shore, reef-flat, moat, reef-flat lagoon

KEY FEATURES: Colony hemispherical, large (up to 120cmØ). Corallites at base of monticules. Columella, plate-like & disjointed, surrounds each monticule.

SIMILAR SPECIES: Hydnophora exesa often has thick branches, and its septa have regular teeth adjacent to the columella (vs no branches & very few septal teeth in Hydnophora microconos).

Enlarged Image of 'Hydnophora microconos'

Cook Islands Distribution

View Distribution Map

Southern Group: Present Makatea: Present
RR	MG	AT	MK	MT	AK	PL	TK	MN
P	P	P	P	P	P

Northern Group:
TN	MH	RK	PK	NS	SW

Key to Symbols

blank	no data
-	absent	L	localised
X	extinct 'naturally'	W	widespread
XQi	quarantine intercepted	R	recent
XQe	eradicated	?	query preceding category
P	present	T?	taxonomic query
S	seasonal	nn	present, said to have no name
O	occasional	?1	present, name not investigated
++++	very common	?2	presence not verified, no name recorded
+++	common	N/A	absent, name not expected
++	uncommon
+	rare
Cook Islands islands: RR =Rarotonga, MG = Mangaia, AT =‘Ātiu, MK=Ma‘uke, MT=Miti‘āro, AK=Aitutaki, PL=Palmerston, PN=Penrhyn, MN=Manuae, TK=Takūtea, TN=Tongareva (TS=Tongaleva Spoken, TW=Tongareva Written, they say "el" but write "r"), MH=Manihiki, RK=Rakahanga, PK=Pukapuka, NS=Nassau, SW=Suwarrow. After a Polynesian name: ^=orthography query. Countries and other: FIJ=Fiji, WT=Wallis & Futuna, SAM=Samoa, TON=Tonga, NIU=Niue, CK=Cook Islands, CKM=Cook Islands Māori, FP=French Polynesia, AUS=Australs, SOC=Societies, TAH=Tahiti, TUA=Tuamotus, MQS=Marquesas, MNG=Mangareva, PIT=Pitcain group, EAS=Easter Island, HAW=Hawai‘i, NZ=New Zealand, NZM=New Zealand Māori

Scientific Taxonomy

Hydnophora microconos (Lamarck, 1816)
TAXONOMY: ANIMALIA; CNIDARIA (=Coelenterates); ANTHOZOA; ZOANTHARIA (=Hexacorallia); Scleractinia (=Madreporaria); MERULINIDAE

More Information

IDENTIFICATION: COLONY large (up to 120cmØ), hemispherical. CORALLITES at base of conical mounds (monticules). MONTICULES 2-3mmØ & high. SEPTA, 6-10 1st order per monticule, converging at monticule tips. Sometimes a faint 2nd order is present but does not continue to the monticule tip. COLUMELLA indistinct, but where it is visible, it is plate-like yet disjointed. REPRODUCTION is ????

Vouchers & References

Vouchers:
Rarotonga: specimen+photo, Muri lagoon, S.Miller (2001) ID per Veron (AIMS Mono Series), NHP#SM050 - 051; CK- specimen, G.McCormack (1980s?), NHP#GM097.

References:
Special Reference: Veron, J.E.N., Pichon, M. & Wijsman-Best, M. (1977). Scleractinia of Eastern Australia. Part II Families Faviidae, Trachypyhlliidae. Australian Institute of Marine Science Monograph Series 3. p 135-136.

Data Update History (information):
zTX, zB02, zM02, zD02

Web Resources

Citation Information

McCormack, Gerald (2007) Cook Islands Biodiversity Database, Version 2007.2. Cook Islands Natural Heritage Trust, Rarotonga. Online at http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org.
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