Giant Hatchetfish - Thoracocharax securis : Complete Fish Profile & Care Guide
Table of contents
Introduction
Giant Hatchetfish (Thoracocharax securis) are a captivating and distinctive species that hails from the freshwater habitats of South America. This Hatchetfish stands out for its unique appearance and engaging behaviour, making it an appealing choice for aquarists. The Giant Hatchetfish is a notable addition to community aquariums, creating a vibrant and diverse aquatic environment in their tanks.
The Giant Silver Hatchetfish is a timid, schooling species that naturally congregates in large numbers. It is essential to maintain them in groups, with a minimum of six individuals recommended; however, a group of ten or more is ideal to ensure they exhibit secure and natural behaviour.
Suitable tankmates are crucial and should include only small, non-aggressive species, such as various Tetras, Pencilfish, Corydoras Catfish, Dwarf Cichlids like Mikrogeophagus or Apistogramma, and smaller species of Suckermouth Catfish. Due to the Giant Silver Hatchetfish's skittish nature, it is critical to avoid housing them with large, fast-moving, or aggressive fish.
The aquarium environment for the Giant Silver Hatchetfish should be biologically mature with efficient filtration while ensuring minimal water turbulence. Soft, slightly acidic water conditions are preferred, which can be facilitated by incorporating peat into the aquarium filtration system. A setup that includes dark decor, abundant bogwood, various caves, and a range of plants, including floating species, contributes to creating a secure habitat for these fish.
It is of paramount importance to ensure the aquarium is equipped with tightly fitted cover slides, as the Giant Silver Hatchetfish is an adept jumper and may attempt to escape through any small openings around equipment. Water quality should be monitored closely, as this species is particularly sensitive to high nitrate levels and fluctuations in water chemistry.
In terms of physical characteristics, the Giant Silver Hatchetfish displays a convex body shape with diminutive ventral fins and a relatively straight back. The species is notable for its large, transparent, wing-like pectoral fins, which can span up to half of its body length. Its colouration varies from silver to white, with an olive-brown back. The small, upturned mouth is a distinctive feature. Depending on the lighting angle, the fish exhibits iridescent green to blue hues. A striking green-to-yellow vertical stripe runs from the gill cover to the base of the tail, adding to its unique appearance.
Giant Hatchetfish Photos
Sexual Dimorphism
Identifying sexual dimorphism in the Giant Hatchetfish poses a challenge. However, it is observed that mature females may exhibit a marginally more robust physique, particularly when gravid with eggs.
Quick Facts
| Scientific Name | Thoracocharax securis |
|---|---|
| Year Described | 1853 |
| Other Names | Giant Silver Hatchet |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Classification | Actinopterygii |
| Order | Characiformes |
| Family | Gasteropelecidae |
| Genus | Thoracocharax |
| Origins | Peru , Brazil |
| Max Size | 9 cm |
| Temperament | Peaceful |
| Aquarium Level | Middle - Top |
| Difficulty | Intermediate |
| Shoaling | Yes |
| Best kept as | Groups 6+ |
| Diet & Feeding | Omnivore |
| Reproduction | Egg-Scatterer |
| Average Lifespan | Up to 5 Years |
Water Parameters
| Water Type | Freshwater |
|---|---|
| pH | 6.0 - 7.5 |
| GH | 5 - 15 |
| ℉ | 73 - 86 |
|---|---|
| ℃ | 23 - 30 |
Natural Habitat
The Giant Hatchetfish is indigenous to the tranquil softwater ecosystems of the Amazon River Basin, including the Rio Nanay in Peru and the Orinoco and Paraná Rivers in Brazil, South America. This species is characterized by its preference for dwelling near the water's surface in regions abundant with dense overhanging vegetation. The typical habitat of the Giant Silver Hatchetfish is further defined by an array of submerged elements such as fallen branches, intricate root systems, and extensive leaf litter, all contributing to a complex and natural environment conducive to their survival and well-being.
Breeding
To date, there have been no documented instances of Giant Hatchetfish reproducing in captivity. Consequently, detailed information pertaining to their breeding behaviour and reproductive habits remains unavailable.
Diet & Feeding
The Giant Hatchetfish exhibits specific dietary preferences in its natural habitat, predominantly feeding on a variety of insects and their larvae. In captivity, it is imperative to replicate this diet to ensure the health and well-being of the species. A balanced diet for Thoracocharax securis should include high-quality flake food, frozen or freeze-dried foods, and live foods such as brine shrimp, daphnia, and bloodworms.
The inclusion of live or frozen insect larvae can particularly cater to their natural feeding behaviour. It is essential to provide a varied diet to promote optimal health, enhance colouration, and encourage natural foraging behaviours. Regular feeding, in small quantities multiple times a day, is recommended to mimic their natural feeding patterns and avoid overfeeding, which can lead to health issues and deteriorate water quality.
