Spotfin Hatchetfish - Thoracocharax stellatus : Complete Fish Profile & Care Guide
Table of contents
Introduction
The Spotfin Hatchetfish (Thoracocharax stellatus) is a distinguished species within the freshwater aquarium hobby, celebrated for its unique silhouette and striking silver body complemented by a delicate finnage that sparkles under aquarium lighting. Recognized for its peaceful demeanor and gregarious nature, the Spotfin Hatchetfish is an exemplary addition to community aquariums, harmonizing well with other peaceful species. Exhibiting a preference for the upper levels of the water column, they add a dynamic layer to the aquatic display. Aquarists value them not only for their aesthetic appeal but also for their interesting behavior and the comparative ease of care, making them suitable for both seasoned hobbyists and those new to the aquarium scene.
Naturally inclined to form schools, Spotfin Hatchetfish flourish when kept in groups of at least six, though larger assemblies are recommended for optimal well-being. This social structure not only ensures their comfort but also enables the full display of their fascinating behaviors, providing a captivating spectacle for observers.
Ideal companions for Spotfin Hatchetfish include species that inhabit various levels of the aquarium, such as Dwarf Barbs, Tetras, Apistogrammas, Corydoras Catfish, and smaller species of Plecos. Harmonious cohabitation is also achievable with other South American species, like the Marbled Hatchetfish, ensuring a peaceful community. However, it is advisable to steer clear of pairing them with overly active, large, or aggressive species to prevent competition for food and reduce stress levels.
While not strictly necessary, Spotfin Hatchetfish benefit from an aquarium designed in the style of an Amazon biotope, featuring elements like driftwood, a sandy substrate, and leaf litter to emulate their natural habitat. They enjoy swimming in mild currents, yet the availability of sheltered areas is crucial for their well-being. Given their propensity for jumping, especially during feeding times, incorporating floating plants to dampen water surface agitation or ensuring the aquarium is securely covered is highly recommended to safeguard against potential escapes.
Spotfin Hatchetfish is recognized as one of the larger species within their genus. Their distinct features include a deep, flat body with an upward-facing small mouth. Streamlined in form, they possess a prominent semi-circular bulging belly extending from the mouth to the caudal peduncle. Their silver bodies are complemented by elongated pectoral fins and transparent fins, with the exception of a noteworthy dark spot adorning the dorsal fin. Additionally, fleshy raised bumps gracefully traverse their abdomen and caudal peduncle, further accentuating their unique appearance.
Spotfin Hatchetfish Photos
Sexual Dimorphism
Distinguishing between male and female Spotfin Hatchetfish poses a significant challenge due to their near-identical physical appearance. However, one potential distinguishing characteristic lies in the female's abdominal region, which tends to exhibit a more rounded contour, particularly when she carries a load of eggs.
Quick Facts
| Scientific Name | Thoracocharax stellatus |
|---|---|
| Year Described | 1858 |
| Other Names | Silver Hatchetfish, Spotfin Silver Hatchetfish, Spotted Hatchetfish, Platinum Hatchetfish |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Classification | Actinopterygii |
| Order | Characiformes |
| Family | Gasteropelecidae |
| Genus | Thoracocharax |
| Origins | Venezuela , Brazil , Peru , Colombia , Ecuador , Bolivia , Paraguay , Argentina |
| Max Size | 7 cm |
| Temperament | Peaceful |
| Aquarium Level | Top |
| Difficulty | Beginner - Intermediate |
| Shoaling | Yes |
| Best kept as | Groups 5+ |
| Diet & Feeding | Omnivore |
| Reproduction | Egg-Scatterer |
| Average Lifespan | Up to 7 Years |
Water Parameters
| Water Type | Freshwater |
|---|---|
| pH | 5.0 - 7.5 |
| GH | 3 - 15 |
| TDS | 18 - 215 |
| ℉ | 68 - 82 |
|---|---|
| ℃ | 20 - 27 |
Natural Habitat
Breeding
Breeding Spotfin Hatchetfish in an aquarium setting can present a challenge; however, with suitable conditions, spawning can be encouraged. To initiate successful breeding, providing a separate breeding tank featuring a thin layer of gravel substrate is necessary. The water parameters should mimic a mature, soft, and slightly acidic environment, requiring a modest elevation in temperature. Given that these fish originate from blackwater habitats, incorporating peat into the breeding tank will aid in darkening and softening the water. Additionally, a dimly lit environment is essential, and the inclusion of floating plants serves multiple purposes, including further reducing light intensity and providing a suitable spawning medium. To maintain water quality, a small air-powered sponge filter can be employed to provide gentle filtration and water circulation.
The Spotfin Hatchetfish engage in an elaborate courtship ritual before the female scatters her eggs, descending to the tank's bottom. While breeding pairs can be utilized, the most favourable approach involves spawning a small group consisting of four to six individuals. Conditioning the breeding stock with a nutrient-rich diet comprising small insects, crustaceans, and bloodworms encourages spawning behaviour. Once the spawning process is completed, it is advisable to remove the parents promptly, as they may consume both eggs and fry if given the opportunity. Approximately 36 to 48 hours after spawning, the eggs will hatch, and within one to two days, the fry will become free-swimming. During the initial week, the fry will require minuscule food sources such as infusoria, paramecium, or powdered fry food until they grow sufficiently to accept baby brine shrimp or microworms. Around 20 days after hatching, the fry will exhibit the distinctive body shape of adult specimens and explore all aquarium areas as they continue to develop.
Diet & Feeding
In their natural habitat, Spotfin Hatchetfish primarily exhibits insectivorous feeding behaviour, skillfully leaping out of the water to capture insects such as beetles, ants, and mayflies from riparian vegetation. Within the confines of an aquarium, these fish may initially display reluctance in accepting dried food options. However, with time and patient acclimation, they typically adapt to including dried foods in their diet. Optimal nutrition for Spotfin Hatchetfish entails incorporating a high-quality dried food, such as flakes, as the primary staple. Nevertheless, if available, it is crucial to ensure that a substantial portion of their dietary intake comprises live and frozen food sources, including daphnia, fruit flies, brine shrimp, and bloodworms. These versatile fish exhibit surface-feeding tendencies while also readily pursuing sinking foods to meet their nutritional needs.
