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Pulmonale Hypertonie

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Klinische Kardiologie

Part of the book series: Springer Reference Medizin ((SRM))

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Zusammenfassung

Die pulmonale Hypertonie ist durch hämodynamische Veränderungen (Druck- bzw. Widerstandserhöhung) in der pulmonalen Strombahn gekennzeichnet, welche durch verschiedene Auslöser bedingt sein können. Folge ist eine erhöhte rechtsventrikuläre Nachlast und somit eine chronische Belastung des rechten Herzens. Im Gegensatz zum systemischen Kreislauf besitzt die pulmonale Zirkulation als sog. Niederdrucksystem aufgrund ihrer hohen Kapazität und großen Dehnbarkeit sowie des geringen Anteils an glatter Muskulatur in kleinen Arterien und Arteriolen primär keine hypertensive Prädisposition. Verringert sich jedoch der Gefäßquerschnitt durch Destruktion, Obliteration oder okklusive Läsionen in den Widerstandsgefäßen, so kommt es zu einem Anstieg des pulmonal vaskulären Widerstands und des pulmonal arteriellen Drucks. Klinische Manifestationen, natürlicher Verlauf und Reversibilität der pulmonalen Hypertonie hängen maßgeblich von der Art der pulmonalen Läsion und der Ätiologie und Schwere der hämodynamischen Veränderungen ab.

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  1. Klinik III für Innere Medizin, Uniklinik Köln und Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Köln, Deutschland

    Stephan Rosenkranz

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  1. Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland

    Nikolaus Marx

  2. Universitätsklinikum Köln, Köln, Deutschland

    Erland Erdmann

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Rosenkranz, S. (2023). Pulmonale Hypertonie. In: Marx, N., Erdmann, E. (eds) Klinische Kardiologie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62939-0_30-1

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