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Biochronostratigraphy of the Reingraben Turnover (Hallstatt Facies Belt): Local black shale events controlled by regional tectonics, climatic change and plate tectonics

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Abstract

For the first time, two outcrops near Bad Dürrnberg (2 km SSW Hallein, Austria) allowed for a continuous multistratigraphical investigation of the Reingraben Turnover in the Hallstatt facies belt. After a phase of reefal sedimentation during the Julian 1 (Early Carnian), a sudden increase in terrigenous input (Reingraben Turnover) caused the breakdown of the carbonate factory at the beginning of the Julian 2 (late Early Carnian). In starved basins produced by syndepositional tectonism, black shales locally accumulated. Stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon do not suggest a change in seawater chemistry during the turnover. Shallow-water carbonate production resumed slowly during the Tuvalian (Late Carnian), and complete recovery was finished near the Carnian-Norian transition. Because similar events are recorded globally, climatic changes (monsoonal circulation) controlled by plate tectonics are favoured as triggers of the event.

Based on lithology and microfacies, detailed sampling, and analysis of conodont faunas and the resulting detailed conodont zonation enabled us to establish the duration of the Reingraben Turnover (Julian 1/IIc to Julian 2/II).

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Acknowledgements

We thank Helmut Lindtner, Bad Dürrnberg, for permission to sample the Freygutweg section on his private property, Hans-Jürgen Gawlick (University of Leoben) for help during the initial field trip, Werner Prochenberger for authorisation to enter the Jakobberg gallery, and Foreman Thomas Grublacher (both Bad Dürrnberg) for assistance during sampling. We are sincerely grateful to Leopold Krystyn (Vienna) for useful hints with regard to biostratigraphy and conodont speciation, Antonio Donofrio for classifying the conodonts, Werner Resch for microfaunal speciation, Richard Tessadri for X-Ray analyses, Christoph Spötl for stable isotopic measurements and discussing the data, Diethard Sanders for inspiring discussions and hints with regard to the manuscript, and last but not least Bernard Millen (all Innsbruck) for reviewing the manuscript. Furthermore we thank the FWF (Fund No. P16878) for financial support.

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  1. Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria

    Thomas Hornung & Rainer Brandner

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Hornung, T., Brandner, R. Biochronostratigraphy of the Reingraben Turnover (Hallstatt Facies Belt): Local black shale events controlled by regional tectonics, climatic change and plate tectonics. Facies 51, 460–479 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-005-0061-x

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