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Coral biostromes of the Middle Jurassic from the Subbetic (Betic Cordillera, southern Spain): facies, coral taxonomy, taphonomy, and palaeoecology

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Abstract

Coral biostromes from the Camarena Formation (External Subbetic, Betic Cordillera) are reviewed under palaeoecologic, taphonomic, and palaeontologic aspects. The biostromes are dominated by phaceloid forms and are characterized by a typical shallow-marine microencruster assemblage with photophilic microencrusters and scarce microbial crusts. The abundance of stylinid corals and light-dependant microencrusters suggests oligotrophic conditions. Coral colonies were located among oolitic shoals that were unfavorable for coral growth. The corals were developed in phases without oolitic production alternating with phases of oolitic production, forming metric-scale sequences. A relative sea-level fall would have reduced the ooidal production and led to the deposition of thin layers of micritic facies in intertidal areas. The cementation and hardening of the bottom resulted in a hardground that was colonized by corals after a subsequent relative sea-level rise. The progressive increase of the energetic conditions induced an increasing production of ooids and the migration of oolitic shoals, which covered and finished the coral biostromes. Repetition of this process gave rise to sequences reflecting small pulses of oscillations in the relative sea level.

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Acknowledgements

This research was carried out with the financial support of Research Projects CGL2005-06636-C02-01/BTE (Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology) and UJA_07_16_23 (Universidad de Jaén) and the Research Groups RNM-200 and RNM-178 of the Junta de Andalucía. Matías Reolid holds a Juan de la Cierva grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Spain. We are indebted to Antonio Piedra (Technician of the Universidad de Jaén) for preparing the thin sections. We are indebted to Dr. B. Lathuilière (Université Henri-Poincaré, Nancy), an anonymous reviewer and the Managing Editor André Freiwald for valuable suggestions and comments. We are grateful to a native-English speaker (Jean Louise Sanders) for her assistance in reviewing the spelling and grammar.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas sn, 23071, Jaén, Spain

    Matías Reolid, José Miguel Molina, Vicente Navarro & Pedro A. Ruiz-Ortiz

  2. Instituto de Geología, Estación Regional del Noroeste, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 83250, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico

    Hannes Löser

Authors
  1. Matías Reolid
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  2. José Miguel Molina
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  3. Hannes Löser
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  4. Vicente Navarro
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  5. Pedro A. Ruiz-Ortiz
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Matías Reolid.

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Reolid, M., Molina, J.M., Löser, H. et al. Coral biostromes of the Middle Jurassic from the Subbetic (Betic Cordillera, southern Spain): facies, coral taxonomy, taphonomy, and palaeoecology. Facies 55, 575–593 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-009-0187-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-009-0187-3

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