Abstract
In the early 1990s, large proprietary processor-based workstation companies like Evans & Sutherland, HP, Intergraph, SGI, Sun, and others were transitioning to commercial off-the-shelf semiconductors like Intel’s × 86 CPUs and graphics AIBs with 3Dlabs, TI, and Hitachi processors. Compaq, Dell, and specialty companies like Boxx demonstrated the cost advantages. Intel had introduced its Pentium Pro processor aimed at OEMs in the visualization and CAD workstation market, and the handwriting was on the wall. A COTS supplier like Intel could offer economies of scale that were double to 10 times what an individual supplier like Sun HP or SGI could realize.
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Peddie, J. (2022). 1990 to 1999 Graphics Controllers on Other Platform. In: The History of the GPU - Steps to Invention. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10968-3_5
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