Abstract
As it is indicated in the preface to the book, the major problem of contemporary experimental research in mechanics is the growth of discrepancies or even contradictions between the theory and technique of producing, collecting and processing of information-carrying signals, and the typical theoretical bases for methods used in Experimental Mechanics.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Brillouin, L., Scientific Uncertainty, and Information, Academic Press, New York 1964.
Popper, K.R., The Logic of Scientific Discovery, Harper and Row, London and New York, 1959, (1968).
Krajewski, W., Correspondence Principle and Growth of Science, D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht-Holland, Boston, U.S.A., 1977.
Kuhn, T.S., The Structure of Scientific Revolution, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, 1962, 1970.
Wade, N. and Kuhn, T.S., Revolutionary Theorist of Science, Science, 197, 143–145, 1977.
Sedov, L.I., Introduction to the Mechanics of a Continuous Medium, (translated from the Russian edition, Moscow, 1962), Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 1965.
Sedov, L.I., On Prospective Trends and Problems in Mechanics of Continuous Media, (in Russian), Prikladnaya Matematika i Meklhanika, 40, 963–980, 1976. English translation, Pergamon Press Ltd., 1977.
Tiller, A.W., Materials Science and Applied Science, Science, 16, 469–475, 1969.
Kac, M., Some Mathematical Models in Science, Science, 166, 695–699, 1969.
Pindera, J.T., Contemporary Trends in Experimental Mechanics: Foundations, Methods, Applications, in Experimental Mechanics in Research and Devslopment, Pindera, J.T., Leipholz, H.H.E., Rimrott, F.P.J, and Grierson, D.E., Eds., SM Study No. 9, University of Waterloo Press, Ontario, Canada, 1973.
Olszak, W., Mechanics Today: Lights and Shadows, Lecture given at Canadian Congress of Applied Mechanics, Fredericton, May 26–80, 1975.
Sedov, L.I., Theoretical Constructions of Selection of Actual Events from the Virtual Ones, in manuscript; courtesy of the author, 1979.
Pindera, J.T., How General can be Teaching of Experimental Stress Analysis, Proc. of the Fourth Int. Conf. on Experimental Stress Analysis, Cambridge, April 6–10, 1970, Institution of Mechanical Engineering, London, 54 2–545, 1971.
Pindera, J.T., Problems of Reliability of Common Models of Basic Responses of Materials and Systems, Proc. of the VIII Symposium on Experimental Research in Mechanics of Solids, September 4–6, 1978. Warsaw, Poland.
Ilussey, M., Modellino I and II, The Open University Press, Walton Mall, Rlechley Buckinghamshire, 1972.
Naughton, J., Scientific Method and System Modelling, The Open University Press, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, 1975.
Pindera, J.T., Leipholz, H.H.E., Rimrott, R.P.J, and Grierson, D.E., Eds., Experimental Mechanics in Research and Development, Proc. of the Int. Sym. held at the University of Waterloo, June 12–16, 1972, University of Waterloo Press, Solid Mechanics Division, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 1973.
Axelrad, D.R., Random Theory of Deformation of Structured Media and Axelrad, D.R. and Provan, J.W., Thermodynamics of Deformation in Structured Media, International Centre for Mechanical Sciences, Udine, Italy, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1972.
Doeblin, E.O., Measurement Systems: Application and Design, McGraw-Hill, 1975.
Soodak, H. and Iberall, A., Homeokinetics: A Physical Science for Complex Systems, Science, 201, 579–582, 1978.
Alexrad, D.R., Micromechanics of Solids, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., Amsterdam and New York, 1978.
Reiner, M., Rheology, in Encyclopedia of Physics, S. Flügge, Ed., VI, 434–510, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1958.
Leipholz, H.H.E., Analytical Foundations of Experimental Mechanics. Trends in Analytical Mechanics, in Experimental Mechanics in Research and Development, Pindera, J.T. et al, Eds., Solid Mechanics Division, University of Waterloo Press, Ontario, Canada, 1973.
Van Geen, R., Dispersion chromatique de l’effet photoelastique, Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Experimental Stress Analysis, Paris, France, April 10–14, 1962.
Pindera, J.T. and Cloud, G.L., On Dispersion of Birefringence of Photoelastic Materials, Experimental Mechanics, 6, 470–480, 1966.
Cloud, G.L. and Pindera, J.T., Techniques in Infrared Photoelasticity, Experimental Mechanics, 8, 193–201, 1968.
Cloud, G.L., Mechanical Optical Properties of Polycarbonate Resin and Some Relations with Material Structure, Experimental Mechanics, 9, 489–499, 1969.
Pindera, J.T. and Straka, P., On Physical Measures of Rheological Responses of Some Materials in Wide Ranges of Temperature and Spectral Frequency, Rheologica Acta, 13, 338–351, 1974.
Pindera, J.T. and Sinha, N.K., On the Studies of Residual Stresses in Glass Plates, Experimental Mechanics, 11, 113–120, 1971.
Pindera, J.T., Alpay, S.A. and Krishnamurthy, A.R., New Developments in Model Studies of Liquid Flow by Means of Flow Birefringence, Trans, of the CSME, 3, 95–102, 1975.
Kestin, J.A., Course in Therrnodynamics, Vol. I and II, Publishing Co., Toronto, 1966, 1968.
Sciammarella, C.A., Basic Optical Law in the Interpretation of Moiré Patterns Applied to the Analysis of Strains — Part 1, Experimental Mechanics, 5, 154–160, 1965.
Pindera, J.T., On the Transfer Properties of Photoelastic Systems, in Proc. of the Seventh All-Union Conf. on Photo elasticity, Tallinn, November 23–26, 48–63, 1971.
Pindera, J.T. and Straka, P., Response of Integrated Polariscope, Journal of Strain Analysis, 8, 65–76, 1973.
Pindera, J.T., Response of Photoelastic Systems, Trans, of the CSME, 2, 21–30, 1973–74.
Mayer, N. and Rohrbach, C., Handbook for Fluidic Measurements, (in German), VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf, 1977.
Stein, P.K., Measurement Engineering, Vol. I: Basic Principles, 6th Edition, Stein Engineering Services, Inc., Phoenix, Arizona, 1970.
Lewicki, B. and Pindera, J.T., Photoelastic Models of Reinforced Structures, (in Polish), Archiwum Inzynierii Ladowej, 2, 381–418, 1956.
Pindera, J.T. and Sze, Y., Studies of Physical and Mathematical Models of Some Flanged Connections, in Proc. of the Fourth Int. Conf. on Experimental Stress Analysis, April 6–10, 1970, Cambridge, England, Institution of Mechanical Engineering, Westminster, London, 395–408, 1971.
Pindera, J.T. and Sze, Y., Response to Loads of Flat-Faced Flanged Connections and Reliability of Some Design Methods, Trans, of the CSME, 1, 37–44, 1972.
Pindera, J.T. and Sze, Y., Characteristic Parameters of Response of Plates in Contact, in: Proc. of the 2nd Int. Conf. on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology, Berlin, September 10–14, 1973, Paper M5/8, 1–12.
Pindera, J.T. and Sze, Y., Influence of the Bolt System on the Response of the Face-to-Face Flanged Connection, in: Proc. of the 2nd Int. Conf. on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology, Berlin, September 10–14, 1973, Paper G2/6, 1–13.
Pindera, J.T., Experimental Study of Some Problems Related to Responses of Thick Plates, (in German), in: Experimentelle Spannungs-und Dehnungsanalyse, Laermann, K.-H., Ed., Verner-Verlag, Düsseldorf, 25–49, 1977.
Laermann, K.-H., Experimental Investigations of Plates. Theoretical Foundations, (in German), Verner-Verlag, Düsseldorf, 1977.
Stuart, H.A., Physics of High Polymers, (in German), 4, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1956.
Jira, T., Mechanical and Photoelastic Behaviour of Celluloid at Biaxial Load, (in German), Konstruktion, 9, 438–449, 1957.
Hiltscher, R., Theorie and Application of Photoelasticity in Elastic-Plastic Range, (in German), VDI Zeitschrift, 97, 49–58, 1955.
Loreck, R., Investigation of Suitability of Polyester Resin “Leguval” and Some Other Polymers as Materials for Photoelastic Models, (in German), Kunststoffe, 52, 139–143,1962.
Pindera, J.T., Some Research Work in Photoelasticity Carried Out in the Polish Academy of Sciences, (in Russian), in: Polarization-noopticheski metod issledovania napriazheni Trudy Konferentsi, February 13–21, 1958, Izd. Leningradskogo Universiteta, 32–44, 1960.
Pindera, J.T., Rheological Properties of Some Polyester Resins, Part I, II and III, (in Polish), Rozprawy Inzynierskie, 3, 361–411, 481–540, 1959.
Pindera, J.T., Some Rheological Problems at Photoelastic Investigations, in Proc. Int. Spannungsoptisches Sym., Berlin, April 10–15, 1961, Akademie-Verlag, Berlin, 155–172, 1962.
Read, B.E., Dynamic Birefringence of Amorphous Polymers, Journal of Polymer Science, Part C., 87–100, 1964.
Ward, I.M. and Pinnock, P.R., The Mechanical Properties of Solid Polymers, British Journal of Applied Physics, 17, 3–32, 1966.
Pindera, J.T., Remarks on Properties of Photoviscoelastic Model Materials, Experimental Mechanics, 6, 375–380, 1966.
Pindera, J.T. and Kiesling, E.W., On the Linear Range of Behaviour of Photoelastic and Model Materials, Proc. Third Int. Conf. on Experimental Stress Analysis, Berlin, 1966, VDI-Berichte, No. 102, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf, 89–94, 1966.
Pindera, J.T., On Physical Basis of Modern Photoelasticity Techniques, Bertrage zur Spannungs-und Dehnungsanalyse, Vol. V, Academie-Verlag, Berlin 103–130, 1968.
Kiesling, E.W. and Pindera, J.T., Linear Limit Stresses of Some Photoelastic and Mechanical Models Materials, Experimental Mechanics, 9, 337–347, 1969.
Pindera, J.T. and Straka, P., On Physical Measures of Rheological Responses of Some Materials in Wide Ranges of Temperature and Spectral Frequency, Rheologica Acta, 13, 338–351, 1974.
Pindera, J.T., Straka, P. and Krishnamurthy, A.R., Rheological -Responses of Materials Used in Model Mechanics, in: Proc. of the Fifth Int. Conf. on Experimental Stress Analysis, held in Udine, Italy, May 27–31, 1974, CISM, Udine, 2.85–2.98, 1974.
Pindera, J.T., Straka, P. and Tschinke, M.R., Actural Thermoelastic Response of Some Engineering Materials and its Applicability in Investigations of Dynamic Response of Structures”, VDI-BERICHTE, 313, 579–584, 1978.
Andrews, R.D. and Hammack, T.J., Temperature Dependence of Orientation Birefringence of Polymers in the Glassy and Rubbery States, Journal of Polymer Science, Part C., Polymer Symposia, Stein, R.S., Ed., No. 5, Interscience Publishers, 101–112, 1964.
Maxwell, J.C., Double Refraction of Viscous Fluids in Motion, Roy. Soc. Proc, 22, 46, 1873–74.
Kundt, A., On the Birefringence of Light in Moving Viscous Liquids, (in German), Wiedmann’s Annalen, XIII, 110, 1881.
Natanson, M.L., O pewnej wlaściwości podwojnego załamania światła w cieczach odkształcanych mogacej posłużyć do wyznaczania ich czasu zluźniania, (Sur une particularité de la double rèfraction accidentelle dans les liquides pouvant servir à la détermination de leur temps de relaxation), Bull. Acad. Sci., Cracovie, 1–22, 1904.
Zaremba, S., Note sur la double refraction accidentelle de la lumière dans les liquides, J. de Phys., 3, 606–611, 1904 and 4, 514–516, 1905.
Zakrzewski, K., O polożeniu osi optycznych w cieczach odkształcalnych (Sur la position des axes optiques dans les liguides déformés), Bull. Acad. Sci., Cracovie, 50–56, 1904.
Wiener, O., Laminai Birefringence, (Lamellare Doppelbrechung), Physikalische Zeitschrift, 5, 332, 1904.
Roman, C.V. and Krishan, K.S., A Theory of the Birefringence Induced by Flow in Liquids, Phil. Mag., 5, 769–783, 1928.
Peterlin, A. and Stuart, H.A., Über den Einfluss der Rotationsbehinderung und der Anisotropie des inneren Feldes aug die Polarisation von Flüssigkeiten, Z. Phys., 113, 663–696, 1939.
Philipoff, W., Flow Birefringence and Stress, J. Appl. Physics, 27, 984–989, 1956.
Pindera, J.T. and Krishnamurthy, A.R., Characteristic Relations of Flow Birefringence, Part 1: Relations in Transmitted Radiation, Experimental Mechanics, 18, 1–10, 1978, Part 2: Relations in Scattered Radiation, Experimental Mechanics, 18, 41–48, 1978.
Jerrard, H.G., Theories of Streaming Double Refraction, Chem. Rev., 59, 345, 1959.
Wayland, M., Streaming Birefringence of Rigid Macromolecules in General Two-Dimensional Laminar Flow, J. Chem. Phys., 33, 769, 1960.
Mindlin, R.D., A Mathematical Theory of Photo-Viscoelasticity, J. Appl. Phys., 20, 206–216, 1949.
Jira, T., Mechanical and Photoelastic Behaviour of Celluloid at Biaxial Load, (in German), Konstruktion, 9, 438–449, 1957.
Hiltscher, R., Theorie and Application of Photoelasticity in Elastic-Plastic Range, (in German), VDI Zeitschrift, 97, 49–58, 1955.
Loreck, R., Investigation of Suitability of Polyester Resin “Leguval” and Some Other Polymers as Materials for Photoelastic Models, (in German), Kunststoffe, 52, 139–143, 1962.
Pindera, J.T., Some Research Work in Photoelasticity Carried Out in the Polish Academy of Sciences, (in Russian), in: Polarization-noopticheski metod issledovania napriazheni Trudy Konferentsi, February 13–21, 1958, Izd. Leningradskogo Universiteta, 32–44, 1960.
Pindera, J.T., Rheological Properties of Some Polyester Resins, Part I, II and III, (in Polish), Rozprawy Inzynierskie, 3, 361–411, 481–540, 1959.
Pindera, J.T., Some Rheological Problems at Photoelastic Investigations, in Proc. Int. Spannungsoptisches Sym., Berlin, April 10–15, 1961, Akademic-Verlag, Berlin, 155–172, 1962.
Read, B.E., Dynamic Birefringence of Amorphous Polymers, Journal of Polymer Science, Part C., 87–100, 1964.
Ward, I.M. and Pinnock, P.R., The Mechanical Properties of Solid Polymers, British Journal of Applied Physics, 17, 3–32, 1966.
Pindera, J.T., Remarks on Properties of Photoviscoelastic Model Materials, Experimeyital Mechanics, 6, 375–380, 1966.
Pindera, J.T. and Kiesling, E.W., On the Linear Range of Behaviour of Photoelastic and Model Materials, Proc. Third Int. Conf. on Experimental Stress Analysis, Berlin, 1966, VDI-Berichte, No. 102, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf, 89–94, 1966.
Pindera, J.T., On Physical Basis of Modern Photoelasticity Techniques, Bertrdge zur Spannungs-und Dehnungsanalyse, Vol. V, Academie-Verlag, Berlin 103–130, 1968.
Kiesling, E.W. and Pindera, J.T., Linear Limit Stresses of Some Photoelastic and Mechanical Models Materials, Experimental Mechanics, 9, 337–347, 1969.
Pindera, J.T. and Straka, P., On Physical Measures of Rheological Responses of Some Materials in Wide Ranges of Temperature and Spectral Frequency, Rheologica Acta, 13, 338–351, 1974.
Pindera, J.T., Straka, P. and Krishnamurthy, A.R., Rheological Responses of Materials Used in Model Mechanics, in: Proc. of the Fifth Int. Conf. on Experimental Stress Analysis, held in Udine, Italy, May 27–31, 1974, CISM, Udine, 2.85–2.98, 1974.
Green, A.E., Rivlin, R.S. and Spencer, A.J.M., The Mechanics of Non-Linear Materials with Memory, Part I, II and III, Archiv Rational Mechanics Anal., 1, 1–21, 1957; 3, 82–90,.1959 and 4, 387–404, 1960.
Coleman, B.D., Dill, E.H. and Toupin, R.A., A Phenomenological Theory of Streaming Birefringence, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal., 39, 358–399, 1971.
Theocaris, P., Phenomenological Analysis of Mechanical and Optical Behaviour of Rheo-Optically Simple Materials, in: The Photoelastic Effect and its Applications, Kestens, J., Ed., Springer-Verlag, 1975.
Mushelishvili, N.I., Some Basic Problems of the Mathematical Theory of Elasticity, P. N.ordhoff, Groningen-Holland, 324–328, 1953.
Sokolnikoff, I.S., Mathematical Theory of Elasticity, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Toronto, 283–287, 1956.
Timoshenko, S.P. and Goodier, J.N., Theory of Elasticity, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Toronto, 122–127, 1970.
Frocht, M.M., Photoelasticity, Vol. II, John Wiley, New York, 121–129, 1948.
Pindera, J.T., Outline of Photoelasticity, (in Polish), P.W.T., Warszawa, 1953.
Pindera, J.T., Technique of Photoelastic Studies of Plane Stress States, (in Polish), Rozprawy Inzynierskie, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3, 109–176, 1955.
Pindera, J.T., Contemporary Methods of Photoelasticity, (in Polish), Panstwowe Wydawnictwa Techniczne, Warszawa, 1960.
Hondros, G., The Evaluation of Poisson’s Ratio and the Modulus of Materials of a Low Tensile Resistance by the Brazillian Test, Australian J. of Appl. Science, 10, 243–268, 1959.
Pindera, J.T., Mazurkiewicz, S.B. and Khattab, M.A., Stress Field in Circular Disk Loaded Along Diameter: Discrepancies Between Analytical and Experimental Results, presented at the SESA Spring Meeting, Wichita, Kansas, May, 1978, Paper No. CR-10.
Chong, Ken P., Finite Element and Other Analyses of Split Disks, in manuscript, 1978.
Bokshtein, M.F., On Resolving Power of Photoelastic System for Stress Analysis, (in Russian), J. Tekhn. Fiziki, XIX, 1103–1106, 1949.
Acloque, P. and Guillemet, G., Method for the Photoelastic Measurement of Stresses “In Equilibrium in the Thickness” of a Plate, (Particular Cases of Toughened Glass and Bent Glass), Selected papers on Stress Analysis presented at the Institute of Physics, Stress Analysis Group Conference, Delft, 1959.
Manogg, P., The Light Deflection in an Elastically Deformed Plate and the Shadow Patterns of Circular Notches and Cracks, (in German), Glastechnische Berichte, 39, 323–329, 1966.
Born, M. and Wolf, E., Principles of Optics, 5th Edition, Pergamon Press, Oxford, New York, 1975.
Hecker, F.W. and Pindera, J.T., Influence of Stress Gradient on Direction of Light Propagation in Photoelastic Specimens, VDI-BERICHTE, 313, 745–754, 1978.
Hecker, F.W., Kepich, T. Y. and Pindera, J.T., Neglected Factor in Photoelasticity: Non-linear Light Propagation in Stressed Bodies and Its Significance, Proc. of The 8th All-Union Conf. on Photoelasticity, Tallinn, September 25–28, 1979, Akademia Nauk Estonskoy SSR, Institut Kibernetiki, Tallin, 1, 117–123, 1979.
Hecker, F.W., Kepich, T.Y. and Pindera, J.T., Non-Rectilinear Optical Effects in Photoelasticigy Caused by Stress Gradients, in: Proc. IUTAM Sym. on Optical Methods in Mechanics of Solids, Poitiers, September 10–14, 1979.
Pindera, J.T., Hecker, F.W. and Krasnowski, B.R., A New Experimental Method: Gradient Photoelasticity, to be published.
Pindera, J.T. and Mazurkiewicz, S.B., Photoelastic Isodynes: A New Type of Stress Modulated Light Intensity Distribution, Mech. Res. Comm., 4, 247–252, 1977.
Mazurkiewicz, S.B. and Pindera, J.T., Integrated-Plane Photoelastic Method-Application of Photoelastic Isodynes, Experimental Mechanics, 19, 225–234, 1979.
Pindera, J.T., Elements of More Rigorous Theory and Technique of Isodyne Method and Their Applications to Other Optical Methods, in: Proc. IUTAM Sym. on Optical Methods in Mechanics of Solids, Poitiers, September 10–14, 1979.
Pindera, J.T. and Mazurkiewicz, S.B., Optimization of Photoelastic Stress Analysis using Isodyne Method, in: Proc. of The 8th All-Union Conf. on Photoelasticity, Tallinn, September 25–28, 1979, Akademia Nauk Estonskoy SSR, Institut Kibernetiki, Tallinn, I, 145–150, 1979.
Hartung, H.F., Burns, D.J. and Pindera, J.T., Ultrasonic Monitoring of Growth of Part-Through Thickness Defects at 290°C, Trans. ASME, Journal of Engineering for Power, 101, 471–476, 1979.
Kino, Gordon S., Nondestructive Evaluation, Science, 206, 173–180, 1979.
Roe, P.H., Soulis, G.N., Handa, V.K., The Discipline of Design, Printed in Canada at the University of Waterloo, 1969.
Dixon, J.R., Design Engineering, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1966.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1981 Springer-Verlag Wien
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pindera, J.T. (1981). Foundations of Experimental Mechanics: Principles of Modelling, Observation and Experimentation. In: Pindera, J.T. (eds) New Physical Trends in Experimental Mechanics. CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences, vol 264. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-4344-5_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-4344-5_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
Print ISBN: 978-3-211-81630-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-4344-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive