DE102015005429A1 - Autarkic current generator with amplitude flux transformer (AMFL and electricity meter - Google Patents

Abstract

State of the art of power generators: If a three-phase synchronous machine with an electric motor is to operate in generator mode, the phase angle of the load voltage U1 and current I1 ≥ 90 ° must be; otherwise the generator will become the brake [1]. The following patent describes the state of the art in terms of mechanics and electronics for the drive technology of machines new. The shifted phase angle of voltage u1, i1 and u2, i2 8.0 of the AMFL, forms with the and the mechanical construction of motor and generator a unit with which the phase angle of the generator to the motor φ = ≥ 90 °. The three-phase asynchronous generator thus generates electrical power from the mechanical power of a three-phase asynchronous motor. The Autark Power Generator (ASG) 7.0.1 with Amplitude Flux Converter (AMFL) is characterized by a 1-pole pair three-phase asynchronous generator (DASG) with a third-phase excited asynchronous motor (DASM) in a permanent stator magnetic field 7.0. 2, rotated on a common plastic shaft (polyoxymethylene, POM) 7.0.3. The asynchronous motor is characterized in that the pulsating control voltage for the current in the conductor loops is generated by an amplitude flux converter (AMFL) and the torque (10) directly initializes the DASG (ASG). The AMFL is characterized in that the operating voltage VSS can be a sinusoidal, rectangular alternating voltage, or a sawtooth voltage. The instantaneous amplitude is the amplitude with which a rotating field is generated in the stator magnetic field, and the rotating field with the resulting total force F → r causes the torque on the drive shaft and the three-phase asynchronous generator is the reaction force to the rotating field with the rotational speed n · f. The AMFL is a bipolar semiconductor device that is made up of two transistors with the layer sequence PNP and NPN. The working voltage is obtained from any 17 V / 55 W DC voltage. The AMFL directly generated, from the AC input voltage, an arithmetic mean of the periodic magnitude avg, with which the AC generator induces 230 VAC / 1 kW.

Description

1 Short description AMFL

[1] According to the invention, the AMFL is a semiconductor with bipolar electrical conductivity, with a charge carrier pair, the electron (-), and a hole (+) that recombine together in an electric field. By energy supply, the lattice compound ruptures in the silicon crystal lattice, so that the electron leaves a hole, a charge carrier pair has emerged, which allows the electrical conductivity in a p-type and n-type doped semiconductor (impurity conductivity). The AMFL is a flow direction dependent electronic component, with two operating states, forward direction and the reverse direction, which operates continuously. The AMFL consists of positive charge carriers (holes) and negative charge carriers (electrons) which are located at a pn junction and form a boundary layer of positive donors in the n-region and negative acceptors in the p-region. By connecting the charge carriers with the barrier layer to a device, the power line is used to control magnetic fields, since the potential threshold of the space charge region, from the p and n side, due to the time difference from u ₁ to u ₂ at zero crossing of positive and negative amplitude becomes potential, and to diffuse: U _D = φ (-d) - φ (+ d), begins.

The AMFL arises when two bipolar transistors are interconnected in a specific way, thus simulating the function of the AMFL. The AMFL is needed to control the ASG because the sinusoidal AC voltage as operating voltage is low compared to the high-ohmic DC voltage to bipolar semiconductor and thus can deliver more interference-free performance and the junction temperature is less loaded and has a higher efficiency. Why are hardware components with the AMFL technology, more power-saving compared to the DC technology.

The functional scheme 1.0 shows the operation with the modules of the self-sufficient power generator.

1.1 Function Description AMFL

[2] The AMFL is characterized by the fact that different semiconductor layers of silicon perform the function of voltage and current control, comparable to the layer structure and operation of bipolar transistors. The circuit diagram with the basic circuit diagram of the AMFL shows 2.0 ; amflab.pdf which is fed by a RL low-pass filter with sinusoidal AC voltage. At the effective resistance R ₁ with u ₁ and R ₂ and u _{2 of} the inductive voltage divider 3 There is a difference on the X and Y axes in the Cartesian coordinate system of the amplitudes at zero crossing on the X-axis to the input voltage V _SS I _SS . At R ₁ , the voltage u _{1 is} tapped and applied to the emitter electrodes. The voltage u ₂ of effective resistance R _{2 was} successful at the collector resistor R ₃ and R ₄ which cause a temperature-dependent electron flow at U ₂ and Q ₁ via U _CE and U _BE U _BE = 320 μV, because with the phase shift a potential correct assignment of the Polarity at the electrodes of bipolar transistors (AMFL), after the voltage / current / time shift, to a potential with AC voltage component - becomes (arithmetic mean of the phase difference). The time proportion of the DC voltage in the AC voltage is 26 ms; the falling amplitude with 13 ms and the following, increasing amplitude of the AC voltage with 13 ms 5 and 6 with an avg share of 31 V at U _E 32 VAC = V _SS .

H_Fe = 220 mA·120 / 15,8493 = 1.66569 A / m (1) The functional sequence of the amplitude current transformer begins with the parallel-inductive voltage divider 3.0 R ₁ , L ₃ on an iron-filled toroid, A _L value 0.0108 mH, with the stabilizing serial R _L inductance L ₄ and R ₂ . The core cross-section A of the iron-filled toroid is: A = h · (r ₂ -r ₁ ) A = 2.66 × (6.33-3.76 = 6.8362 cm ² field strength

H _F e = 220 mA · 120 / 15,8493 = 1,66569 A / m (1)

flux density

• B _Fe = μ _r · μ ₀ · H
• L = N · Φ / l
  
  B = 13.97 mT inductance (17); After circuit diagram 3

N = 219.71

L₁ = 220 mH
L₂ = 81,9 mH

With

N = 219.71

L ₁ = 220 mH
L ₂ = 81.9 mH

arccos^–1(0.314159) = 71.69° Der Phasenverschiebungswinkel φ = 71,69° u = u ^·sin(ωt + ϕ_x1) (5) The voltage u ₁ = 5.34 V and u ₂ = 31.09 V to the effective resistance R ₁ and R ₂ are mutually phase-shifted with I _L1 and I _L.

arccos ^-1 (0.314159) = 71.69 ° The phase shift angle φ = 71.69 ° u = u ^ * sin (.omega.t + φ _x1) (5)

The addition of the AC voltage of the parallel inductive voltage divider L ₁ with the L ₂ inductive voltage divider. u ₁ = 6 V · sinωt u ₂ = 27 V * sin (ωt + 85 °)

The total voltage (18)

φ_u = 47.75°
I_B -> Ruhestrom 62 μA,
R_L -> 68 Ω/67,5 mA,
dann steigt I_B auf 72 μA an,
U_CB 2,30 V27.66 V (With a small change, since u ₁ oscillates between 5.10 V and 6.0 V in the calculations or measured data due to temperature.) The zero phase angle

φ _u = 47.75 °
I _B -> quiescent current 62 μA,
R _L -> 68 Ω / 67.5 mA,
then I _B rises to 72 μA,
U _CB 2.30 V

The internal resistance of the secondary voltage of the mains transformer has R _i 0.333 Ω.

U _sec position: 6 which is obtained from a voltage converter (DC / AC), reaches V _SS and GND. The inductance of l ₁ = 220 mH and l ₂ = 81.9 mH give u ₁ and u ₂ .

[3] 3 u ₁ is located at the emitter path of Q ₂ and Q ₁ , u ₂ is R ₃ and R ₄ to the collector sounded. This sets a base quiescent current I _B at 320 μA. With increasing collector current I _C₁ and I _C₂ proportionally I _{B increases} with.

The flow direction from U _BE and I _B is the diffusion flow of the negative acceptors in the p-region with the positive donors in the n-region.

The collector-emitter voltage U _CE is controlled by the U _BE 4 , The U _CE control includes amplitude modulation with phase rotation and the voltage current level here up to 125W.

The voltage and current shifted u ₁ and u ₂ values, compared to the input voltage U _E and V _SS can just as well be done with another electronic component such as a triac or the like, which increase the circuit and thus the efficiency of the circuit can integrate the voltage-current / time shift with the arrangement of NPN and PNP layer sequences on a wafer.

1.2 Claim in Detail AMFL

• 1. Im einzelnen wird Patentanspruch auf die Verschaltung/Verdrahtung der NPN/PNP Schichten nach 2.0 zu einem Amplituden Flusswandlers (AMFL) der verwendeten Bipolar Transistoren Q₁ und Q₂ als selbstständiges Aktives Bauelement der Elektronik erhoben,
• 2. Auf dem Namen und der Abkürzung des Namens, der Verschaltung/Verdrahtung der NPN/PNP Schichten nach 2.0 zu einem Amplituden Flusswandlers. Der Name lautet: Amplituden Flusswandler und die Abkürzung des Namens ist: AMFL,
• 3. Auf die Verwendung einer sinusförmige Wechselspannung als Arbeitsspannung V_SS für Bipoare Halbleiterschichten nach 3.0 und auf den Spannung und Strom verschobene Zeit Werten von u₁ und u₂ zum Potential und damit zur Betriebsspannung von Q₁ und Q₂ dem AMFL wird und deswegen die Zonenschichten vom AMFL durch steuert, die mit zwei Bipolartransistoren vergleichbar sind und als Aktives-Bauelement in der Anwendung für den AMFL in einem Drehstrom-Asynchronmotor die Betriebspannung von 31 V/4,5 A–15 A ist die den Drehstrom-Asynchronmotor ohne Polumschaltung 180° drehen läst 6; wird hiermit Patenanspruch erhoben,
• 4. Auf die in 4 gezeigte Verdrahtung der U_BE mit R₅, dem aufschalten einer positiv U_BE Spannung, mit dem die stufenlose Spannungs- und Stromregelung vom AMFL stattfindet bzw. zur Polumschaltung der Phasenlage verwendet wird,
• 5. Auf die Verschaltung/Verdrahtung der NPN/PNP Schichten nach 3.0 als selbständig arbeitendes Stromversorgungsteil mit der Mittelspannung an u₂ als Basisgerät.

[4] There is a claim on the marked part of the functional description of the Amplitude Flux Transducer AMFL in the present specification of the undersigned in detail

• 1. In particular, the patent claim is based on the interconnection / wiring of the NPN / PNP layers 2.0 to an amplitude flux converter (AMFL) of the used bipolar transistors Q ₁ and Q ₂ as an independent active component of the electronics,
• 2. Following the name and abbreviation of the name, interconnection / wiring of the NPN / PNP layers 2.0 to an amplitude flux converter. The name is: Amplitudes Flux converter and the abbreviation of the name is: AMFL,
• 3. The use of a sinusoidal AC voltage as the working voltage V _SS for Bipoare semiconductor layers after 3.0 and on the voltage and current shifted time values of u ₁ and u ₂ to the potential and thus to the operating voltage of Q ₁ and Q ₂ the AMFL and therefore controls the zone layers of the AMFL, which are comparable to two bipolar transistors and as an active device in the application for the AMFL in a three-phase asynchronous motor, the operating voltage of 31 V / 4.5 A-15 A is the three-phase asynchronous motor without pole change 180 ° rotate 6 ; hereby a claim for a claim is made,
• 4. On the in 4 Wiring of the U _BE with R ₅ , the connection of a positive U _BE voltage, with which the stepless voltage and current control of the AMFL takes place or is used for pole changeover of the phase position shown,
• 5. Follow the interconnection / wiring of the NPN / PNP layers 3.0 as a self-contained power supply unit with the medium voltage at u ₂ as the base unit.

Furthermore claim is claimed for the use of a wafer for the construction of AMFL because: According to the invention with two zone sequences, with the layers NPN and PNP of the designated emitter side connected in parallel with the base electrode. Each separately leads with a connection from the housing, which surrounds the wafer. The collector layer on the wafer, the arrangement of which as in the emitter and base layer of a bipolar transistor, doped in 4-valent silicon with a 5-valent impurity or 3-valent impurity, separated, also led to a wire connection to the outside of the housing becomes.

Thus, according to the invention, the AMFL consists of a metal-containing housing with two separate NPN and PNP layers in a silicon crystal lattice, and the layers according to the scheme of FIG 2 are interconnected and are led individually with 4 lines to the outside and according to the invention, a further component of the electronics, a triac, or a bidirectional thyristor in a housing with the AMFL are interconnected to form a common active component of the electronics.

According to the invention according to the description of the function of the AMFL on the control of varying amplitudes by a voltage-time axis in a coordinate system of the x- and y-axis, to a sinusoidal or other comparable AC voltage (AC) by means of phase shift to a DC voltage (potential) or ., the resulting arithmetic mean.

Claim is raised according to the invention according to the functional description of the AMFL on the output voltage to the collectors of the layer sequences that reassemble the voltages u ₁ and u ₂ as an output voltage 5 . 6 and 7 while doing electrical work.

2 Short description ASG

[5] The autarkic current generator ASG, which is technically a three-phase asynchronous generator (DASG), is inventively characterized in that the conductor loops of the three-phase asynchronous generator (DASG) at a right angle α = 90 ° in a generator anchor recording 1.10 , as well as the engine disconnected in the engine anchor shots 10.0.2 fixedly mounted on the plastic shaft (polyoxymethylene; POM) W ₁ , radially to the X and Y axes of the Cartesian coordinate system. The three-phase asynchronous motor (DASM) is inventively characterized in that the conductor loops achsial at an angle of 53 ° 9.0 the Z-axis are arranged on the drive shaft W ₁ ; with embodiment 10.0 and 11.0 , the phase angle from generator to motor becomes ≥ 90 °. The three-phase asynchronous generator and three-phase asynchronous motor is characterized in that the magnetic circuit of the magnetic fields in a permanent stator magnetic field induction B, from the north pole to the south pole and vice versa, the conductor loops of the three-phase asynchronous generator and the rotating field of the three-phase current Synchronous motor in permanent stator magnetic field, the moment generated at the drive shaft, which puts the conductor loops of the DASG in permanent stator magnetic field in rotation because of the force F → from the rotating field of the current-carrying conductor loops, as the resulting total force moves the rotatingly mounted axis and thereby electrical power P is induced from the voltage u ₃ · i ₃ in the conductor loops of the DASG. The force direction of the conductor loops of the three-phase asynchronous motor runs in the center, out of the Z-axis. The conductor loops therefore rotate in the direction of the field weakening, the current I _{L3 of} the conductor loops generates a self-field that increases in proportion to the reaction force up to 15.0 A.

2.1 Function Description ASG

[5] The ASG 7.0.1 is characterized in that arranged on the left side of the drive shaft W _{1 of} the Z-axis, the three-phase induction motor (DASM) and on the opposite side of the Z-axis winding recording with the conductor loops of the ASG. The bearing plates with the ball bearing receptacle on the two sides of the drive shaft W ₁ are made of the material polyoxymethylene POM, which are flooded for the course of the magnetic field lines from north pole to south pole with the permeability of POM. Thus, in the constant stator-sustaining magnetic field in rotating conductor loops, the induction voltage becomes u _i3 = B · l · v · z (7) produced, provided that the torque (10) of angular velocity + speed of the ASM at W ₁ is applied.

The onset current I in the conductor loops points in the right direction out of the Z axis from W ₁ , with

The directed force F → of the engine, the reaction force is compared with the torque from the idle speed of the generator, which generates a rated voltage of 200 VAC / 1 kW and kept constant with the AC / AC converter to 230 VAC.

The drive shaft W ₁ , the end shields and the recordings of the conductor loops are made of a non-magnetizable material, which is why, supposedly, no remanence B _{r forms} by the magnetic field strength H with the magnetic flux B via the conductor loops of motor and generator. The permeability of the air around the drive shaft:

The permeability of the air about the Z-axis of the drive shaft ensures a constant field of flux Θ with the current I _L · N = 5 A in the conductor loops, which leads out of the Z-axis and rotates the machine because of the ball bearing.

The operating voltage generated by the AMFL is supplied to the DASM and ensures a continuous 180 ° rotation of the drive shaft, which makes a 360 ° rotation after commutation of the phase response to Q ₁ and Q ₂ by 180 °.

Claims (7)

According to the invention is a claim according to the functional description of the Autark Power Generator (ASG) and the three-phase asynchronous motor (DASM) the use of a plastic shaft of polyoxymethylene; POM for DASM and ASSG driveshaft, end shields and anchor mounts with the angle of the conductor loops thereon of φ 90 ° diagonally raised for the DASM and 53 ° axially of the Z axis of the Cartesian coordinate system, On the 3-pin feed 2.0 to 4.0 the pulsating DC voltage in the conductor loops L ₁ and L ₂ of the drive motor (three-phase asynchronous motor) for the ASG, with carbon brushes on the commutator / collector of the conductor loops L ₁ and L _{2 of} the motor, It is a claim for the use and generation of individual voltages, the phase-shifted pulsating output voltage U _A1 = R ₃ and U _A2 = R ₄ to a total voltage of 180 °, according to the circuit / wiring according to the 3 and 4 an AMFL (Amplitude Flux Converter) with pulsating output DC voltage (arithmetic mean) for the ASG, where, with respect to U _A1 and U _A2 , V _{SS is} a center voltage, On the use of silicon wafers instead of the bipolar transistors with the NPN and PNP layers, to an AMFL, On the technology as a whole, to mount an electric motor with generator on a common shaft made of plastic, to the ASG. In the name of self-sufficient power generator with the name abbreviation ASG. On the electronic electricity meter, 9 in the function scheme 1.0 by direct measurement of the efficiency

in total from the ASG, or any other AC-guided electrical network system with the following formula set. The performed electrical work in W _{h is} done by calculating P _zu and P _ab and is output in real-time via a special display. So that a manipulation of the subsequently logged performance data can be excluded. The AMFL in the application as an electric power meter (position 11 in the functional diagram, not shown) is coupled in parallel, to compensate for the heat flow Q _W to the AC-AC output 10 in the functional scheme, coupled with L ₁ and L ₂ and forms the first time a separate 100% faultless pluggable, independent electric meter module in the data output of the performed electrical work. W _h = U · I · t, the voltage over the alternating voltage values of the collector base U _CB and base emitter U _BE voltage of Q ₁ and Q ₂ from the generated mixing voltage, with the included sinusoidal AC voltage component u = u ^ · sin (ωt + φ _u ) are defined in radians with ω · t ₁ and ω · t ₂ . R is the ohmic measurement value of the zone sequences (rBE) of the AC-guided bipolar structure, which is the UI converter element with a subtracting operational amplifier. Simple Practical Example Calculation Using a Bipolar Structure as a Reference Voltage to Define Time: Bipolar Transistor Measuring Circuit-1 with R _K1 = 1.197 KΩ and R _B2 = 23.91 KΩ and D _B1 = Si, U _Bat = 9 V The base / emitter path of the Measuring Bipolar Transistor has an ohmic resistance of: R _BE = 5.74 KΩ After applying the operating voltage U _Bat 9 V, the following measured values are read: I _B1 = 0.109 mA, I _C1 = 1.65 mA U _RB2 = 2.57 V

I = 2.57 V / 23.91 = 0.107486 mA This corresponds to a measurement error of 0.016978% per h. The time integral t for calculating the electrical work forms the integrator operational amplifier with the position sensor R _P1

at the lower ends of the shaft ω ₁ . With the inverting integrator, U _{A (t)} is at the angular velocity by using the Hall effect position sensor R _P1 ω = 2 · π · f (α / t) electronically stabilized, error-free available. The measuring voltages from the bipolar transistors, to the subtracting operational amplifier for U, I and ω · t ₁ = 2 · π / 360 ° · α Integrator operational amplifiers are pulses that reach an 8421-BCD-synchronous decimal counter and, via segment drivers, realize the output of the measured data with a display on the hardware. The instantaneous value of the measuring voltage (instantaneous consumption) is buffered and stored between and can be read by the ASG with the last decimal value of the current consumption via the internal battery storage, in case of power failure or standstill of the generator. Further processing of the measured data (protocol) of the power generator is possible with Bluetooth modules. A Bluetooth interface (manufacturer license) is integrated in the electricity meter.

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