March 1987

S2.95U.S.

I i\M I

Software Reviews
(t1ie Big Blue Reader
Defender of the Crown
Jet and Scenery Disks

Free Type-in Programs

Border Patrol
Utter Right!
Super-sweep 128
Amigolife * >
w

03

43467 20122
We just did something only the best can do!
We made our award winning* software for the
Commodore™ 128 and 64 computers even better!
Introducing... Superpak:
Pocket Writer 2 The Solution That
word processor Saves Money!
Pocket Planner 2
spreadsheet
Pocket Filer 2
database
ew Features
Our new Pocket 2 series offers features usually found only in
much more sophisticated applications software. Features that
include: compatability with the new GEOS operating system"!",
ability to work with the Commodore RAM expander to allow a
RAM disk, mouse support with pull down menus, 1571 burst
mode for faster file loading, increased support for two single disk
drives, automatic configuration for screen color, format and
printer selectiont.
Pocket Writer 2, Pocket Planner 2 and
Sophisticated software, yes, and still easy to use. You can be Pocket Filer 2 logether
up and running in under 30 minutes even if you haven't operated Convenient; get all three integrated
a computer before. applications at once
128/64 software on same disks
2 Programs in 1 Economical; S 179.85 (U.S.) worth of
software (or only
Now, when you upgrade your Commodore™ 64 to a 128,
Pocket software helps make it a breeze. The new Pocket 2
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software has both 128 and 64 applications on the same disk. So
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Dictionary

6 Programs in 1
The 180% Solution saves you money! You can buy all three
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As a companion to Pocket Writer 2, a Dictionary Disk
Pocket Writer
containing 32,000 words (expandable to 40,000) is available. Dictionary
The cost $14.95 (U.S.).
For those of you who have already discovered the many
benefits of owning Pocket software; we offer all registered
owners an upgrade to Pocket 2 software for only $19.95 (U.S.)
plus 3.00 (U.S.) shipping and handling! Available only by writing Makes Spelling Checker faster and
to Digital Solutions Inc. simpler to use
More convenient than developing
Pocket Writer 2 Word Processor Able to print mothemalkal lormuloe as personal disk
In addition to the new features well as results of colculationst 32,000 words available
above... Global formatting option Expandable to 40,000 words
Spelling Checker incorporated in program Enhanced row/column insert deletet
(requires a dictionary disk) Logarithmic and XY graphing capability
Spelling Checker now runs over 30096 Increased file compatability with other lngrom Canada
foster than in originol Pocket software spreadsheelst 1-416-73B-17O0

Word wrap is now fully aulomalict Number of rows increosed from 99 Moil orderu
Ciysfo'Cotnpuit'
Ability to move columns to 2501
m Michigan 1-517-224.7667
Go To poge number for finding informa-
Pocket Filer 2 Database ootiideMkhigon 1-800-245 731<
tion in long textst
In addition to the new features
Fully automatic upper and lower case type
above...
conversiont
Dynamic calculations during dato entry
Enhanced Delete process for word, line
Intelligent re entry to enter/edit mode
or paragraph
Easier file conversion Irom other softwaret
Word Count feature for essays and
Automatic index updating for constantly
assign mentst International Distributor Enquiries to:
sorted filet
Enhanced split memofy mail merge option
Enhanced mathematical languoge
Pocket Planner 2 Spreadsheet including loops and labelst Digital
In add rlon to the new features High speed sort using dynamic bufferingt
above.-. Automatic entry of repetative datat Solutions
Individual column width selection now
ovoiloblet
• Commodore's Microcomputers
Multiple liles in memory with cut and
Magazine, independent reviewers, rated 2-30 Wertheim Court
paste capability
the original Pocket Writer 128/64 ond
Richmond Hill, Ontario
Pocket Plonner 128/64 software the
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Word

TheBesI
JusI Got Better
 V ■ S

It's Absolutely
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After all these years, CMS Software Systems is still the only
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Whether you own an 8032, 8096, SuperPET, B-128, C-64, or the new
C-128, we have a professionally written, fully integrated Accounting System
designed especially for you.

Introduced in 1979, the CMS Accounting System was the first

Accounting System available for Commodore computers. Not satisfied with
just being first, we have continued to update, expand, and improve until
today, the CMS Accounting System is widely recognized as one of the
finest Accounting Systems available for any computer.

Now Available for the Commodore C-128

General Ledger

Accounts Receivable

Billing

Accounts Payable

Job Costing

Payroll

$179.95
Complete Price
For more information see your
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Cathy York at 214/289-0677.

CMS Software Systems, Inc. • 2204 Camp David • Mesquite, TX 75149

 VOLUME 8, NUMBER 3 COIUEI1TS MARCH 1987

comm III re
mnGnzinE FEATURES

DEPARTMENTS ELECTRONIC MONEY

THE ART OF BANKING AT HOME
LETTERS
Just as mon swapped his saddle atop a horse for the buckerseat of a
NEWS sports car, one day you may trade your checkbook for a keyboard.
by Gory V. Fields
BOOK REVIEWS

128 Machine Language for Beginners by Bob Guerra 12

SILICON VALLEY INSIDER BIG NAME HUNTING

From Commander Cody to the Perfect College 16 IN AMERICA,
by Matthew Leeds PARTI
TELECOMMUNICATIONS EXPLORING THE
Connect! by Suzanne McCooch and Don Schein 18 LICENSING JUNGLE 70
Inside QuantumUnk by Robert W Baker 20 Licensing famous characters for
SOFTWARE REVIEWS Commodore software is a growing
trend. Here is a two-part look at
Defender Of the Crown by Graham Kinsey 24
the licensing phenomenon.
CheSSmaSter 2000 by Ervm Bobo 26
Dy John Jertiwine
Spitfire '40 by Jerl Seiken 28
DiSCOVery by Ervin Bobo 30
Jet and Scenery Disks by John Jermaine 32
The Big Blue Reader by Donald Maxwell 34 LIGHTS...
Gnome Kit by Gary V. Fields 38 CAMERA...
Buyer's Guide to Mastertronic by Mork cotone 40
ACTION!
TIPS & TRICKS COMMODORE COMPUTERS
Hints for Fun and Utility Compiled by Louis F Sander 46 IN HOLLYWOOD 74
JIFFIES See the many roles Commodore

54 computers play behind the scenes in

Border Patrol by r Heroid ootd
56 the glitz and glitter of Hollywood.
Vertical Bar Charting by Ron l Miner
Dynamic Error Trap by Kenneth Demiston 58
SX-64 Renumber by Tim Brown 60
128 USERS ONLY
AMIGA UPDATE
TUG by Mark Jordon 100
AmlgaBASIC Tutorial by Tim jones 62
Supersweep 128 by m Gcramszegny 104
ADVENTURE ROAD
GAME PROGRAMS
Mapping Made Simple: Labyrinth and Amnesia 80 116
Conundrum by Rchorfl F Daley and Salty J Dotey
by Shay Adda ms
HOW TO ENTER PROGRAMS 120
64 USERS ONLY
MAGAZINE ENTRY PROGRAM 122
Letter Right! by Kenny Lawson 82
Addition Master by km Adam 88
USER GROUPS 124
ITM by Paul G Mulvaney, HI 93
CW Trainer by Terry M Brcwn 96
ADVERTISERS' INDEX 128

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 3
 LETTERS STAFF
ber to speak slowly enough to ensure
that you will not fail behind while taping
I think you will be impressed with the re
Publisher
sults.
Diane C. LeBold
Michael Wyatt
Assistant to the Publisher
Sljvridan, Wyoming
Kelly McKeown

Magazine Entry Program Editor

To the Editor: Carol Minion
Game Port Tutorial
While lounging around this evening Technical Editor
To the Editor:
and thumbing through a back issue of Jim Gracely
I read with much interest the Game
Commodore Magazine, I ran across an West Coast Correspondent
Port Tutorial, Part 1 (Technical Tips in
article of which I had not read closely he- Matthew Leeds
September/October, 1986). However, it
fore. I am referring to die October, 1986,
appears that there is a problem with I jst- Art Director
issue of Commodore Magazine, page
ing 2 Modifications. In line 157, the sec Gwenn Knapp
118, titled Mow to Enter Programs. In
ond poke, POKE S + 4, 33 was meant to Assistant Art Director
reading this article, my eyes were drawn
select a sawtooth waveform and open Wilson Harp
to the section entitled OUT OF DATA
the gate of voice 1. This appears to be a Production Assistant
ERROR This made me think that maybe
problem as then the gate would be strict Bob Clark
I could offer a suggestion to the fellow
ly open all the time. Apparently the gate
Commodore 64 programmers of the Cover Photo
needs to be closed and reopened each Bob Emmott
world.
time the frequency command registers
In the article, it says "Reading data Computer Graphics
are changed. To make the SID output a
from a page of a magazine cm be a strain Wayne Schmidt
tone, I removed the second poke from
on the brain, so use a ruler or a piece of Production Manager
line 157 and put it on a line 216 POKE
paper or anything else to help you keep Jo-Ellen Temple
S + 4,33:POKH S + 4,32 thus dosing the
track of where you are xs you enter data." Circulation
gate to wait for the next tone. This seems
First, let me say that I have had the Kenneth F. Battista
to fix the problem.
same experiences with entering data on
RE. Lyon Advertising Coordinator
my Commodore 64 and it can be a very Becky Cotton
Granada Hills, California
frustrating thing to say the least. My sug
Advertising Representatives
gestion is to use a tape recorder—not
one that is expensive, just easy to operate Disk Flipping SOUTHEAST. SOUTHWEST AND WEST COAST

and with good clarity. What is involved is To the Editor: Warren Longer, Spencer 0. Smith
not difficult and at most about the same In theJanuary, 1987, issue, in Tips and Warren Longer Associates
amount of time will be spent with the re Tricks, there was an article called Disk 9320 NW 2nd Street

corder as going back and correcting mis Hipping by Kathleen Mead. ! would like- Coral Springs, FL 33071
Advertising Inquiries Only
takes or rinding them. I lere is a small pro to submit a much easier way to notch
305/753-4124
gram off the top of my head to illustrate the disk—a method my son told me,
MIDWEST. NORTHEAST AND CANADA
how it is done. which I have used for a few years.
Pamela Stockham
10 PRINT-quotation-III-IP FOR FEWER Using another disk as a template, place
700 River Road
MISTAKES-quotation-enter it back to back with the disk you wish to
Fair Haven, NJ 07701
20 FOR-X-equals-ONE TO ONE THOU- cut the other write protect notch. Care
201/741-5784
SAND-colon-NEXT-enter should be taken that both disks are in
30 PRINT-CHR-STRING-parenthesis- perfect alignment with each other. Take Commodore Magazine, Volume 8, Number 3, March
ONE-FOUR-SEVEN-parcnthesis-entCT an ordinary paper hole punch, one with 1987, ISBN 0-88731-067-2.
Commodore Magazine (ISSN 0744-8724) is published
40 CT-EQUALS-ZERO-enter about the hole size of notebook paper.
monthly by Commodore Magazine Inc., 1200 Wilson
50 PRINT-quotation-HOW WONDER (These are available at most any place Drive, West Chester, PA 19380. U.S.A. U.S. subscriber
FUL THIS IS-quotation-enter selling school or stationery supplies for rate is S35.40 per year; Canadian subscriber rale is
£45.40 per year; Overseas subscriber rate is S65.00 per
60 CT-EQUALS-CT-PLUS-ONE under S2.00.) Slide the punch in the
year. Questions concerning subscription should be di
70 IF-CT-ISLESS-THAN-EIGHT-THKN- notch of the template until the cutter rected to Commodore Magazine Subscriplion Depart
post touches the inside portion of the ment, Box 651, Holmes, Pennsylvania 19043. Phone
FIFTY-enter
(800) 345-8112. In Pennsylvania (800) 662-2444. Copy
The hyphens have no real meaning template notch and centered. Cut the right 'c, 1986 by Commodore Magazine Inc. All rights
other than pauses in your voice white re hole and you're in business with a double reserved.
CBM. VIC 20, and Commodore 64 are registered
cording the program. What Ls in all cap sided disk. Takes less than a minute. I
trademarks ol Commodore Electronics Ltd. Super PET
ital letters is the actual program, while have never experienced a failure yet. and Commodore 128 are trademarks of Commodore
lower-case print is the symbol which is Since I am retired and living on a small Electronics Ltd. Amiga" is a registered trademark of
Commodore-Amiga. PET* is a registered trademark of
spoken into the recorder. Sit down one pension, I am always looking for easy and
Commodore Business Machines, Inc.
night and speak the program into the re inexpensive ways of doing things. ABC Membership applied for.

corder and then the next day suirt the re George A Rhoads,Jr.
corder and type what you heat Remem Boring, Oregon

4 MARCH '87
 IF YOU CAN FIND A BETTER C64
PROGRAM WE'LL BUY IT FOR YOU!

WORD with DATA with

UfDITED O Spell Checker Report Writer

J
WKIIEK O & Thesaurus MANAGER 2 & Label Maker SWIFTCALC ^Sideways
The most powerful, complete Word A general information storage and • A powerful, easy-to-use electronic
Processing System available for retrieval system with report writing, spreadsheet designed for home and
Commodore 64 computers. Includes: graphics, statistics, and label making business use. Plus, you get:
capabilities. Plus, you get:
An 85,000 Word Spell Checker and • Sideways - Prints all your columns on
unlimited sub-dictionaries in which to Quick access to important informa one, continuous sheet... sideways.
enter your own words. tion. Items can be easily retrieved and
• 250 rows and 104 columns provide
printed by name, index code, date
An Integrated Thesaurus with over more than 25,000 cells (locations) in
range, amount range, or any category
60,000 synonyms. which to place information.
of information stored in the system.
An Integrated Outline Processor that ■ Performs mathematical functions, up
Exclusive X-SEARCH, X-SORT, and
quickly organizes notes, facts, and ideas. to 12 digits. Allows the use of minimum
X-CHART features that allow you to
On-Screen Highlighting shows under and maximum values, averages, sums,
cross-search any category of informa
lining, italic and bold face in reverse integers, absolute values, and exponen
tion; sort items alphabetically, numeri
video color. (In the Print Preview Mode, tial notation.
cally, or by date; break down statistical
underlined text is displayed underlined.) • Performs financial analysis functions
information into categories; and graphi
An 80-Column Print Preview Mode cally view your results. calculates the present and future value

that allows you to view your document of a dollar and the present and future
on screen in an 80-column format as it value of a constant amount (annuity).

will appear in print - before you print it.

With Timeworks you get more With Timeworks you get our Money Available now at your favorite
than software... Back Guarantee* dealer, or call Timeworks.
If you can find anything that works better
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Support Team - free to all registered 1-800-535-9497
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You Gef Our Liberal Upgrade and

Exchange Policy - Details are inside
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More power for your dollar For the Commodore 64/128IU Computers
(64K, 40 Column)
Timeworks, Inc., 444 Lake Cook Road,
Deerfield, Illinois 60015 312-948-9200 Suggested Retail List Prices:
1 Offer expires 90 days after date ol original purchase. WORD WRITER 3 - $49.95
" COMMODORE is a registered trademark of Commodore SWIFTCALC -S39.95
Electronics, Lid.
DATA MANAGER 2- $39.95
tGEOS is a trademark ot Berkeley Software. Inc.

C 1983 Tlm«wt>rk». Inc. AN Rights Reserved.

 TCP-HOME OF THE HITS
OPEN:9am-8pm Mon-Frl, 10am-5pm Sat EAST COAST TIME INFORMATION AND
NEWHRS STARTING MAR 01:9am-8pm Mon-Thr, 9am-9pm Frl, 10am-6pm Sat, Noon-6pm Sun PA ORDERS 814-234-2236

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$27.95
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$24 95
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CkpArtt $1995
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PANASONIC
ZYR WARRANTY
To ordir by mall: We accopl money ordar, If through some oversight wa donl have
cenifiod check, personal check Allow 2 waeks for the lowest pries, wa would appreciate ALL NEW PANASONIC PRINTERS
personal criock 10 ctear. The opportunity Io beat it. If we can, you
Shipping; S4 00 for soflwaie and accessories/ will get the btno'.t ol Qui Federal NOW AVAILABLE!!
SI 0 00 fCf prmlsrs and color monitors' SS 00 [or disk Eipress shipping on software oiders
ELECTRONIC ARTS'" drives and olrver monitors/ Add S3 00 per boi sriipped over $50 00.
Call for Price and Features ol:
CLASSICS COO Caillorolher shippingchafgss. Additional Purchase orders are accepted from 10801, 10911, and 10921
ON SALE 111 $1 2.95 EACH shippina required on APO. FPO. AK. HI. and foreign
orders.
qualified corporations and institutions.
No sales taj on orders outside of PA.
Archon Racing Destr. Sol Tarms: ALL PRICES REFLECT CASH Buy with confidence We honor manu
M.U.L.E. Heart ol Africa DISCOUNT, ADD 1.8% FOH MASTERCARD facturers warranty.
OH VISA. Manjfaciurer's warranty honored wilh We accopl Mastercard. Visa. COD and
PmbflMCanslr. Sot Super Bolder Dash
copy of oji mvoce. ALL SALES ARE FINAL mail orders.
Seven Cities of Go<d Mail Order Monsters
Defective 'ems replaced or repaired ai our discretion.
Cut & Pasta One on One
Pennsylvania residents add E% sales tai Price; and
Music Construction Set Realm ol Impossible
terms suO;ecl to change wnhoul notice

tc TUSSEY COMPUTER PRODUCTS

P.O. BOX 1006
STATE COLLEGE. PA 16804
CALL US FOR WHAT'S HOT!
CALL TOLL FREE 1-800-468-9044
MONITORS M^M COMMODORE 128:
PRINTER PACKAGES ALL COMMODORE PRODUCTS
COMPOSITE COLOR ALL PRINTERS INTERFACE WITH C-64 or C129 SOFTWARE ON SALE NOW!!

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NX-iolk XETEC SUPERGRAPHIX.... $279.95 AMIGA EXTERNAL FLOPPY SCALL
MONOCHROME WORD PROCESSORS
NX-10 8. XETEC Supergraphix Jr $259.95 1670 MODEM $124.95
ZENITH 1220 12" flat amber $94.00 FLEET SYSTEM II w/spell... $47.95
ZENITH 1230 green
GOLDSTAR 1S" med resolution
$94.00
PANASONIC FLEET SYSTEM III
w/spell S thesaurus
SCALL 1350 MOUSE $39.95
C128 COMPUTER SNEVER LOWER
amber or green S79.95 CALL FOR PACKAGE PRICES ON NEW JANE _ $32.95
MAGNAVOX 8562 2 yr warranty PAPERCLIP II SCALL 1571 DISK DRIVE SCALL
monochromfl mode S259.95 PANASONIC PRINTERS AND INTERFACES PERFECT WRfTER SCALL
THOMPSON 36512VC mono mode POCKETWRTER12B... SCALL
1902A SLOWEST PRICE EVER
separated video S249.95 SUPERSCRIPT 128 S59.95 1750 RAM EXPANSION SCALL
SEIKOSHA VIZAWRITE 128 SCALL
SP-1000A&XETEC Supergraphix Jr. S229.95 WORDPRO 128 S59.95
MODEMS mmm^m
WORDPRO 12BSw/Spell.... SCALL COMMODORE
VOLKS 64B0 300 1200MO0 SCALL WDWRITER 12Bw/spel! $49.95
WESTRIDGE S49.95 EPSON SCALL FOR 128£
MESSENGER S42.95 SPREADSHEETS
1660 SCALL
E53 LX-86& INTERFACE.. LOWEST PRICE 1571 DISKDRIVE
EPYX MULTIPLAN $39.95
MITEY MO 459.95 I DX-10DAISYWHEEL& PERFECT CALC $CALL Magnovox 8562, or
COMPUSERVE S7R KIT...
PLAYNET STARTER KIT ...
S19.95
S14.95
^■P XETEC Supergraphix Jr $219.95 POCKET PLANNER 128 SCALL Thompson 36512 VC,
SWIFTCALC 128w/sdways.. $49.95 or Commodore 1902A
BROTHER RGB/Composile Monitor1
DATABASES

CMS
1509 & XETEC SUPERGRAPHIX $419.00 CONSULTANT $39,95 ■I SCALL FOR PACKAGE PRICE
DATE MANAGER 128 $CALL
PERFECT FILER SCALL
General Acct System
SEIKOSHA
>C
POCKET FILER 128 $CALL
PROFILE 128 $59.95 COMMODORE
includes: • General Ledger 2 YR WARRANTY SUPERBASE 128 $CALL
• Accts Receivable • Billing
SP-1000VC $164.95

i
Statements • Accts Payable MISC. 128 SOFTWARE
SP-1000A or SP-10001 .. $199.00
• Check Writing • Job A Mind Forever Voyaging .... $26.95
Costing • Payroll BUDDY 12B assembler $42.95
Pkg. Price for all Modules: C POWER Irom Proline $59.95
C128 version $124.95 DESK MANAGER 128 $34.95
C6-1 verson $119.95 I am the C12B S24.95
VIZASTAR 128 SCALL
SUPERGRAPHIX MACH 128 $39.95
Interface w/Bk butter
down loadable fonla
SSSLOWEST PRICE
MATRIX from Prog.Periph ...
PARTNER 128
PERSONAL ACCT.128
$47.95
$54.95
$34.95
ONLY $169.95
Includes GEOS & Quantrum Link
SUPER GRAPHIXJR SYLVIA PORTER'S personal
Fontmaster 128... SCALL printer interlace $46.95 finance planner $54.95 1541C DISK DRIVE SCALL
Fontmaster 64 .... $34.95 1802C MONITOR SCALL

GEOS $39.95
VIZASTAR &
VIZAWRITE SPECIAL
Fontpack I $CALL Software orders over $50.00 will be
Call for other Berkely Software shipped FEDERAL EXPRESS (yes, even
$29.95
with these prices)
You only pay TCP's standard
shipping charge of S4 00 per order
TCP loads the way!!!
DISKS This oiler also valid on peripherals
128 AND 64 aer box of 10 and accessories under 8 pounds
Orders arriving before 11 00 AM our
HARD DRIVES BONUS DISKS

Broderbund
lime will be shipped oui same day '
FROM JCT SS DD. $7.45
Plugi uiio ihs Oisk orivg pan jus! *» S7.95
Ui« 1S71 la muknui compalfcil.ty. 5
y»if wimnty on Lh* rr;«.-.l-i-. cal
NASHUA DISKS BroderBund Prim Shop S25.95 Computerized order entry, processing
SS DO J8.95 Print Sfiop Companion $22.95
portion of
*i'<i'.:,
lh«
on
Hud Diiva.
Alfldronci.
1
ftmmeddie
Yaai
Graphics LBrary and status allow TCP to serve you
DS DD... $9.45
i*plu*m*nl wiinm 1 yti. I. fi, or III S16.95
MODELS AVAILABLE:
TUSSEY DISKS 120 sneel color paper refil faster and better!
JCT 10OO,3.7mb SCALL
SSDO S8.45 40 Bach red. bkja. gold S8.95
Carnficalfl MaHBr S3£95
JCT1005,5nib _ $CALL DS DD $8.95
Thinking Cap $32.95
JCT 1010,10mb SCALL Call for Price on
Hot than $H2B.00:iI
Verbatim and
call for bed price)
i Maxell Disks!! j

INFO DESIGNS IJ11J UniiOfiWortd

CLOSEOUT
SALE!!! SPECIAL!!
Printmaster
Art Gallery
S29.95
SCALL
Icncf.l Ledger. Arcounu Pjyit.lt.
Auounu Rouivibk. PiywII.
Inventory, ConunumcHjon EJtc,
SOLUTION
i r t^ '■<, ■.>-. Edge Wordpro 3 + /64 UNLIMITED
$14.95 Icon Factory $29.95

$19.95/EA while supply lasts

Billboard
Maker $29.95

CALL TOLL FREE 1-800-468-9044

 INTRODUCING...
Four ways to address
your software needs.
One's Really Simple. One's Realty Integrated.
Fleet System 2™ is so user friendly beginners can Fleet System 3™ the user friendly software package
start typing documents for the Commodore 128
in minutes! The includes an integrated
integrated 90.000 word 90,000 word dictionary,
dictionary is the largest On-Screen Help
and fastest available on Windows, a ■'Preview"
the Commodore 64. function so "What You
Fleet System 3
Var join Commodore 128 See Is What You Get".
And you can even add
There's also an integra
an additional 10,000
ted Thesaurus that
"Custom " words to
provides thousands of
the dictionary. synonyms and antonyms
Suggested Retail Price: and will help improve
your writing and vo
S59.95
cabulary skills instantly!
Suggested Retail Price:
169.95

One's the One's a

Ultimate. Creator.
Fleet System 4™ is our Fleet Filer"1 can create
all new ultimate, anything from invitations
integrated writing tool to mailing lists. You have
that works on the up to 5,000 records
Commodore 128 and which can be sorted in
combines four powerful ascending or decending
applications into one order. You can even
package. It has every search according to
thing you'd find in logical criteria or .search
Fleet System 3™ plus string. And we've saved
Fleet Filer"', the the best for last... You
database that puts can input and output to
information at your fingertips, in seconds! Fleet System 2*", 3™, and 4"1 files. (And with most
major word processors). Fleet Filer1" will work on
Suggested Retail Price; 579-95
Commodore 64/128 computers.
Suggested Retail Price: $39-95

Finally, software the way it ought to be.

Buy it and experience what over a quarter of a million Commodore users already believe in.

CALL 1 -800-343-4074 for the Dealer nearest you!

Professional Software, Inc.

WA 51 Frcmonl Street, Needham. .MA 02194

(617)444-5224

FlcclSvMcms 2. >,. -» and Hcci hlcr arc iloiimed and ivniicn hy Vi\ii in ironies Group Inc. — Commodore (>4 and llHitt: irjdcmafio.(i(CJ)mmodoreF.lciir<in!t>i lid. Some prinicn.
may mil support certain Fleet System* 1. S. 4 of Filer (untiion.%and/or require and RtiB munimr Pica.1* check wiiti yi»ur dealer Dcakr and [)i>(nbuiiir inquire, are milted.
 NEWS
COMMODORE'S FROM THE FRONT

World War III battle in Germany. Wargame

Take the Chore Construction Set retails for $29.95 from
Strategic Simulations, 1046 N. Rengstorff Avenue, Mountain View,
out of Weekly Grocery CA 94043 (415-964-1353).

Shopping
Dr. Ruth's Game
J\ledzik Company has released Shopping List for the Commodore
64. Shopping List is menu-driven and features 21 "aisles" which of Good Sex
allow users to select the names and quantity of items they want to
purchase. When the shopper is finished making selections, the jtifter years of dispensing good advice about sexuality on the
printer prints out the results. The program also has a place for users airwaves, Dr. Ruth Westheimer is bringing her unique blend of
to indicate the items they have coupons for. candor, humor and common-sense practicality to the Commodore 64
Shopping List includes well over BOO of the most popular grocery in Avalon Hill Game Company's Dr. Ruth's Computer Game of
store items. Also included are two special "aisles" that let users enter Good Sex.
their own item names. The first is a "main course" aisle for the In the game, one to seven people answer questions about love,
names of up to 200 favorite main course dishes. The other is an relationships and (of course) good sex. Successful answers score
"extra" aisle for the names of special items not already found in one points and allow the player to advance to the bonus round called the
of the other 19 aisles. Sex Clinic. There the player hears an actual case history as told to
Shopping List retails for $29.95 from Kledzik Company, 25605 Dr. Ruth and must choose the correct answer from four possible
Cielo Court, Valencia, CA 91355 (805-2544720). responses. The game contains over 800 questions and features a
variable tune clock (for handicapping better players) and a high
score table.

Aliens
Dr. Ruth's Computer Game of Good Sex retails for $29.95 from
Avalon Hill Game Company, 4517 Harford Road, Baltimore, MD
21214(301-254-5300).
V V ith ActMsion's Aliens: The Computer Game, Commodore 64
users can live the thriller that has terrified more than 25 million
movie-goers since Aliens was released by Twentieth Century Fox in
the summer of 1986. Volleyball
Aliens: The Computer Game recreates all of the elements that
made the motion picture such a success. After your harrowing flight A,.rtworx Software has released Beach Ball Volleyball for the
to the surface of LV-426, alien attackers come at you from the dark Commodore 64. Players match their skills against a friend or the
pathways of the Atmosphere Processor through the breached computer at any of nine difficulty levels. The game retails for $14.95
Operations Room to the final confrontation with the Alien Queen. from Artworx Software, 150 Worth Main Street, Fairport, NY 14450
Simulating the movie's struggle against mankind's ultimate foe, (716-425-2833).
the game features six game segments which tie closely to the movie's
storyline and action.
Aliens: The Computer Game was created by a team of designers
lead by Steve Cartwright, creator of Hacker and Hacker H The
Certificate Maker Library
game retails for S34.95 from Activision, 2350 Bayshore Parkway,
Upringboardhas released Certificate Library Volume 1, a
Mountain View, CA 94043 (415-960-0410).
companion program to Springboard's Certificate Maker.
Certificate Maker lets users create and print personalized
certificates and awards with a Commodore 64.
Wargame Construction Certificate Library Volume 1 provides more than 100 new pre
designed certificates and awards. It also features 24 new borders to
frame certificates and six dozen new seals and stickers.
Certificate Maker is required to run Certificate Library
s trategic Simulations has released Wargame Construction Set Volume 1, which retails for $34.95 from Springboard Software,
for the Commodore 64, a game that lets players create war, science 7808 Creekridge Circle, Minneapolis, MN 55435 (612-944-3915).
fiction and fantasy games.
Weapons and firepower, fighting units and troop movement are
just some of the elements players can control. Gamers also have
control over terrain, including scale and placement of roads, rivers, Greeting Card Maker
bridges, woods, buildings and mines. A tutorial is included for the
novice. Xictivision's Greeting Card Maker creates cards, invitations and
The game offers eight pre-designed scenarios. These include battles announcements for any occasion with a Commodore 64 and printer.
from the Civil War and World War II, a contemporary hostage rescue, It features six different size cards, including three-dimensional pop-
a futuristic battle with alien forces, a medieval castle seige, and a

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 9
 NEWS
COMMODORE'S FROM THE FRONT

up cards; pictures, designs, clip-art objects and

panoramic scenes; two dozen background pat
terns and borders; eight type styles, each in upper- and lower-case;
and a variety of verses for any occasion.
Computer
It also includes an envelope maker, address list and card rack.
Packed with the program are SO sheets of ivory parchment
stationery, instructions for ordering additional stationery, and a
Maintenance
comprehensive manual.
Greeting Card Maker is available for $34.95 from Activision,
JThilips ECG has released the Computer Care Kit, a special kit that
contains everything needed to properly clean and maintain your
2350 Bayshore Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043 (415-960-0410).
computer, Included are PH1700 Computer Anti-Static Spray, PH1800
Computer Glass and Enclosure Cleaner, and PHI 100 Jet Air Cleaner.
Choose the There are also Lint Free Cleaning Swabs, Lint Free Wipes, Floppy
Head Disk Cleaners and presaturated Computer Terminal Screen
Perfect College Cleaner Pads.
The kit is available for $39.95 from Philips ECG, P.O. Box 3277,
IVlindscape has released The Perfect College for the Commodore Williamsport, PA 17701. C.O.D. is available by calling toll-free
64, a database containing information on more than 1,650 800-233-8767 (in PA 800-222-9308).
accredited four-year U.S. colleges and universities. Choose up to 36
26 college selection criteria such as cost, location, majors, overall
competitiveness, and student/faculty ratio.
The database includes over 440,000 facts to help identify the
Over 20 Free Programs
schools and annual updates insure that the information is current.
The program also gives addresses and phone numbers.
At-Mention all programmers! Watch for the next issue of
Commodore Magazine—an entire issue of free programs—both
The Perfect College retails for $19.95 and is free with the
games and practical applications—you can type in and use right
purchase of Mindscape's The Perfect Score. (Mindscape, 3444
away. Don't miss it!
Dundee Road, Northbrook, IL 60062,312-480-7667).

Bookkeeping Made Easy By. . . Tax Program Update

THE ACCOUNTANT
TM

1 ake a load offyour shoulders this year by letting your computer

KFS's Preferred* Accounting System help with your 1986 taxes.
Written Exclusively for Commodore 128™ 1986 Tax Return Helper KSoft C64
ONE PROGRAM DOES IT ALL! 845 Wellner Road
(No more disk swapping'.'.!) Naperville, IL 60540
312-961-1250
FEATURES INCLUDE: BASIC PACKAGE Tax Master Master Software C64
General Ledger
General Journal 6 Hilleiy Court
Check Register
Over 20 Reports Automatically
Payroll Compulation & Write-up
149 95 Randallstown, MD 21133
301-922-2962
Payroll Check Writing IRS Acceptable
W-2 Printing Tax Command Practical Programs C64
Quarterly Report
Double Entry
Box 93104
Accounts Receivable "Filing System" Accounting System
Customer Billings Milwaukee, WI53203
Accounts Payable "Filing System"
414-272-7227
Integrated Packages Now Available!
—Professional Client Billing Taxaid Taxaid Software C64
—Restaurant Accounting 606 Second Avenue SE C128
Srf%CI95 —Construction Accounting
Two Harbors, MN 55616 Plus/4
U-r each —Retail Sales and Inventory
—Service Invoicing 218-834-5012 VIC 20
* "Commodore's Microcomputers Magazine, Independent Reviewers, 218-834-3600
Rated THE ACCOUNTANT™ -#1 in Preference-
for Commodore J28™ Productivity"
And to get a head start on your 1987 and 1988 taxes-
KFS Software, Inc. Sample Available
Future Tax Taxaid Software C64
1301 Seminole Blvd. #117 $9.95 PREPAID
Largo, Florida 33540 For C.O.D. Orders Phone: 606 Second Avenue SE C128
(813) 584-2355 Two Harbors, MN 55616 Plus/4
{FL Residents add 5% Sales Tax) 218-834-5012
(All figures in U.S. Dollars) 218-834-3600

10 MARCH'87
Fly to Florida!

Scenery Disk # 7 covers the entire East Coast area from

Philadelphia to Miami. The Florida coastline, from Cape
Canaveral to Miami, is perfect for concentrated sight-seeing. Or
fly to Washington DC, where scenery details include the Capitol
Building, Pentagon, and Washington Monument. Whether seek
ing the intellectual challenge of Flight Simulator or the brute-
force fun of Jet, you'll find this latest evolution of SubLOGIC
scenery absolutely breath-taking!

Scenery Disks now available: Areas 1-7

San Francisco 'STAR'
Central Japan

See your dealer. SubLOGIC Scenery Disks are available in

dividually for $19.95. The six-disk Western U.S. set is available
for $99.95. For additional product ordering information or the
name of the dealer nearest you, call

®w\t LOGIC Corporation

713 Edg»BrooK Otlv«
■. rl-■ r..,-...-■ Jr. II 1,1 ri,>0
(jiti v. ■ t-1»;!,',, iw»S

ORDER LINE: (800) 637-4983

Open 7 AM :o 9 PM Central Time

 BOOK REVIEWS KEVIIWI-I) UV IK)B CHtl-KRA

manner, the chapter not only makes

128 Machine learning the use of each command easier,
This book is currently but also serves as a handy reference

Language for the only beginner book

guide for die beginning programmer.
Chapter seven deals with die ways in

Beginners ivritten exclusively for

which your machine-language programs
can borrow from BASIC by using die
128 users. computer's built-in subroutines. Here
Author: Richard Mansfield Mansfield points out die advantages of
Publisher: COMPUTE! Books not having to rewrite complex routines.
Box 5406 gether with the IADS assembler. Also in But he does warn that programs that bor
Greensboro, NC 27403 cluded is a discussion of numbering sys row heavily from their computer's ROM
Price: SI 6.95 tems and the relationships among binary, operating system can't lie easily translat
hex and decimal. ed tor other computers.
Xjvcii if you don't know an accumula Chapter three is an in-depth look at By die eiglidi chapter you'll be ready
tor from a status register. Richard Mans the 128's built-in machine-language to combine what you've learned to con
field's 128 Machine Languagefor Begin- monitor and explains in simple terms the struct a simple machine-language pro
nets can help you converse with your functions of 16 special monitor com gram that can search dirough selected
Commodore 128 in machine language. mands, a thorough discussion of disas areas of memory for specific strings. Be
Although other books on machine lan sembly shows you how to use die moni sides die program listing and an explana
guage have been written for the begin tor as a debugging tool. A short disassem tion of die logic behind its construction,
ner; this is currently the only beginner bly of a machine-language program con die chapter also includes a discussion on
book aimed directly at the 128 user. It taining a couple of bugs is included, and "safe" sections of memory where you can
teaches everything you need to know to by finding die errors, you begin to get a store your machine-language programs.
write 8502 machine code and covers feel for die way machine-language pro Perhaps die best chapter in die book,
such 128-Spedfic topics as the machine s grams are constructed. You are simulta at least from a beginner's standpoint, is
built-in machine-language monitor, as neously introduced to the hazards of get the ninth—Machine Language Equiv
well as special escape sequences and ker- ting addressing modes mixed up. alents of BASIC Commands. Here Mans
nal subroutines which can be incorporat Chapter four deals exclusively with field shows you simple ways of duplicat
ed into your own programs. die 8502's 13 addressing modes. Instead ing the functions of BASK; keywords
All you need to get started is a working of covering every type of addressing In such as INPUT, PRINT and TAB, as well as
knowledge of BASIC and several hours to depth, however, Mansfield sorts out die more complex BASIC constructions like
type in the LADS assembler program. most significant modes. As a result, only FOR-NEXT loops, IF-THEN conditional
The IADS assembler is a label-based pro die six most useful modes are described statements, and ON-GOTO. Although
gramming language that converts easy- in detail, and die reader is encouraged to there are often several ways of duplicat
to-remember mnemonic instructions become more familiar with these by ing die same BASIC function, die rou
(such as IDA for load accumulator) into practicing diem. tines provided are easy to understand
machine code that your computer can This method of selective instruction is and program.
understand. The assembler is needed to used again in die fifth chapter, which After a short chapter specifically about
tvpc in the book's example routines. concerns machine-language arithmetic. die I28's special features (escape codes,
Before you can type IADS into jour In die very first paragraph, Mansfield ex memory banks, FAST mode), the final
128, however, you'll have to enter MIA. plains that aldiough machine language is chapter explains how to use many of the
a BASIC program that eliminates typing useful for many applications, advanced computer's built-in kernal routines for
errors when entering LADS. Even before mathematics Isn't one of diem. He fur things like input/output operations,
typing MIX, though, you may want to ther suggests diat any programs involv printing, customizing function keys, and
enter a short program called Automatic ing trigonometry or quadratic equations switching to 64 mode. This is followed
Proofreader that can mate the typing of should be written in BASIC As a result, by seven appendices, which include a
MLX go a lot smoother. On die other die chapter covers addition, subtraction complete reference guide tor die 8502
hand, you may decide to skip the typing and comparison of numbers, as well as instruction set. detailed explanations of
altogether and send SI2.95 to COM die way your 128 interprets numbers how to use die LADS assembler, die 128
PUTE! for the IADS companion disk mat and tells die difference between num memory map, a half-dozen useful ma
contains not only the assembler, but sev bers representing instructions and those chine-language subroutines for manipu
eral of the lxx)k's sample machine-lan meant as actual values. lating numbers, and a list ofCommodore
guage programs as well. Similarly, chapter six covers die 8502's ASCII codes.
Once you've acquired a working copy instruction set and mentions most of die The book gives die beginner every
of LADS, you can now begin. After a short 56 available commands, but only die 30 thing he needs to program in machine
preface describing the uses of machine- most widely used instructions are dis language. I only hope diat Mansfield will
language programming and its advan cussed at length. These are conveniently write a sequel for those of us who are inter
tages over BASK;, the first couple of divided into six groups according to die ested in a chapter or two on uses of ma
chapters explain how to use the book to- Junctions they perform. Arranged in this chine language in sound and graphics! H

12 MARCH '87
 NUMBER ONE ARCADE HITS

FOR YOUR COMPUTER

': ■■-' : £A

Put on your black belt and challenge your As the crack shot COMMANDO,' battle Prepare for the fight of your life... you
friends or the computer through nine overwhelming odds to defeat advancing are the KUNG-FU MASTER.' - Battle the
picturesque settings in this leading Martial rebel forces. Armed with only a machine evil forces through the five dangerous
Arts Game to become the KARATE gun and hand grenades, you must break floors in the wizard's castle to rescue the
CHAMP. For the Commodore 64'7128 through the enemy lines to reach the fort captive fair maiden. For the Commodore
and the 48K Apple II" Series. ress. For the Commodore 64 "7128. 64'7128 and the 48K Apple IP Series.

Apple and Commodore 64 are trademarks of Appte Com DATA EAST USA, INC.
puter, Inc. and Commodore Electronics, Ltd. respectively. 470 Needles Drive, San Jose, California 95112
- c Data East USA, Inc. Mfd. under license from Capcom
{408)286-7074
USA.
" c Irem Corp. Mfd. under license by Data East USA. Inc. G 1986 Data East USA, Inc. All rights reserved.
In a market full of helicopter simulations like Super Huey II, Gunship, and Infiltrator, it's nice
to find a product like ThunderChopper that flies high above the rest!

Colonel Jack Rosenow USAF (Ret.), • Action-packed animated graphics

President of ActionSoft Corp., has the include real 3D scenery and airborne
experience to provide all of the threats. The competition's graphics
helicopter action and strategy you've just don't compare.
been looking for! ThunderChopper in
corporates the most advanced • A sophisticated instrument panel lets
graphics, flight systems, and game- you scan all vital information at a
playing factors to provide a sensational glance whether performing combat,
balance of strategy and fun: exploration or rescue operations.
ThunderChopper's advanced

i
instrumentation includes Forward-
Looking Infra red, CO2 laser radar,
As Colonel Jack says:
zoom television, and ECM.
'ThunderChopper is the ultimate in
■ Armament includes TOW and
helicopter action and realism. Nothing
Stinger missiles, a Hughes Chain
m else even comes close. No other
Gun, and Zuni rockets.
E£Si|ifij!HiHiff simulation can boast this much fun!"

m • Better program and documentation

■Kb design gets you up flying exciting
m combat missions in minutes.
 graphic tec

Up Periscope!
- $29.95 -
The new state of the art in submarine Better Engineering at a Better

simulation. The superior strategic play Price

action and 3D animated graphics of this

simulation put it generations ahead of " 1986 ActionSoft Corporation

3D Graphics and special effects courtesy

the pack.
SubLOGIC Corp
Commodore 64 and Commodore 128 are
See Your Dealer...
trademarks of Commodore Electronics Ltd.
Or write or call us for more information. Apple II is a trademark of Apple Computer. Inc.
ThunderChopper and Up Periscope! IBM is a registered trademark of International

are available on disk for the Commo Business Machines Corp.

dore 64/128, Apple II, and IBM PC line

of personal computers for the
suggested retail price of $29.95. For
direct orders please specify which
computer version you want. Include
$2.00 for shipping and specify UPS or
GENERATIONS AHEAD IN STRATEGY ACTION SOFTWARE
first class mail delivery. Visa, Master
Card, American Express, and Diners 122-4 S RACE ST URBANA.IL 61801
(217) 367- 1024
Club cards accepted.
 SILICON VALLEY INSIDER

BY MATTHEW LEEDS

From Other goodies for the 64 coming in the next

Commander
few months include Instant Music, Sky
Foot n, Star Fox (an outer space shootr'em-
up) and Pegasus, a project being worked on
Cody to the in conjunction with Lucasfilm.
Electronic Arts has not forgotten the

Perfect Amiga. Quick Type is a typing tutor with a

twist. It's got all the features you would ex

College pect: great color graphs that give detail on ev

ery aspect of your typing skills, an arcade
game for quick reflexes, and customizing ca
Previews of new products
pabilities to ensure that you work on your
from Silicon Valley. weak areas. But the twist is that as you type
along with the text displayed on the screen,
you're following the episodes of a soap opera.
JLt looked like any other package. UPS had de Guaranteed to hold your interest
livered it with no special care. It wasn't until I It's Only Rock and Roll is an Instant
opened it that I found the note and the care The new version also uses IFF-digitized in Music data disk with 40 new songs and al
fully wrapped sticks of TNT connected to a strument files, along with the internal syn most 20 new instruments. The manual will
tamer. Uh-oh... what story had I leaked too thesized instrument files, allowing the cre have a discography on the important eras in
soon? This definitely had my attention. ation of a song that uses digitized instru Rock, chord progressions for every song on
What I found was a press release from ments, synthesized instruments, and MIDI the disk, and tips on arrangement, orchestra
Accolade, announcing a new software game, instruments simultaneously. Other additions tion and jamming.
Killed Until Dead, for the Commodore 64. It include the use of all Workbench printer driv The Deluxe Video "Post Production
is billed as the first truly interactive text and ers, and support for version 12 of the operat Kit" is a Deluxe Video data disk with new
graphics murder mystery game, featuring ing system. The upgrade will be available to scene generators, new sounds and music, and
over 20 plots. In this game, the player tries to all Music Studio owners by sending in their other goodies guaranteed to give the video-
prevent a murder instead of solve one. An un original disk and ten dollars. phile hunger pains. Of even more interest is
usual concept and an unusual press kit! Electronic Arts continues to produce an the news that a revision of Deluxe Video is
(PS.—it was not real TNT.) incredible volume of software for Commodore in the works. It will address many of the user-
Accolade is also working on a football game owners. Dan Dare, Pilot of the Future is a requested additions to the program.
for the 64. Ill have more details next month. return to those comic book heros of the past. The new version will feature 320 X 400
Activis ion is upgrading Mus ic Studio for Although it will not win any awards for state- mode operations for interlaced output, hard
the Amiga. The upgrade includes the ability to of-the-art programming, it is a funny presen disk and extended memory compatibility, 12
convert Music Studio-format scores into IFF tation of fifties nostalgia: Dan Dare is a retired operating system compatibility, and smooth
SMUS files, used by most other music pro hero called back into action to stop the evil er movement of objects and text on the
grams on the Amiga. This conversion does Mekon empire from destroying the earth. Im screen. Large portions of the code have been
not move the instruments, just the score in ported from England, this game is the first of rewritten in assembly language to speed
formation. It also allows the use of SMUS files a new line of low-cost software being intro things up, and the overall performance is
in Music Studio. duced by Electronic Arts. much improved. Electronic Arts has said that
Continued on pg. 126

16 MARCH'87
 WE'RE SELLING
THE ONE THING
WE COUNTON
EVERY DM
Running a software company There are investment

mm ^J {
is no picnic. We have to do major functions. Averages. Even a
calculations every day. Things random number generator.
like payables and receivables. And writing your own
Taxes. Budgets. And lord only formulas is as easy as, umm...
knows how many quarterly one, two, three.
cost projections. With mouse in hand, you
That's why we developed can zip all over the huge
geoCalc. The spreadsheet spreadsheet, solving "what
program for GEOS-equipped if' questions with a few quick
Commodores. clicks. Questions like, "If
You see, we not only sell Sheila takes the waitress job,
software for Commodores, how much can we expect our
we actually use them in taxes to increase?" Or "How
our own offices. So when much faster will the Chevy go if
Lee needs to project in we rip out the muffler and the
ventory costs, or Brian back seat?"
wants to figure employee No matter what the problem,
bonuses, the first if it has to do with numbers,
thing they do is load geoCalc can solve it. Fast.
up geoCalc. So if you notice a need to
The very same spread decimate digits, consider
sheet you can use at home for crunching them with geoCalc. We
figuring finances, mastering math rely on it for our business. In fact,
mysteries or personal production we couldn't manage without it.
■

lOpuiiuvj ;*[en:e predictions.

A With geoCalc, you get 112 To order call 1-800-443-0100 ext. 234
-•> " •: -t^H
Arxity
columns and 256 rows to fill with geoCalc $49.95
f an I-Ue ■; all kinds of text and numbers. (California residents add 6.5% sales tax.)
And formulas that range from $2.50 US/$5.50 Foreign for shipping and
tsata simple addition to arctangents handling. Allow six weeks for delivery.

.■-.;;:■'-■:■ ne UN
and cosines that could knock any
physicist cold.
gg^
. ;:-.""."::■:

(5411

Berkeley
Softworks
The brightest minds are working at Berkeley.
 TELECOMMUNICATIONS BY SUZANNE McCOACI I AND DAN' SCHI-IN

Connect! Tap into the wealth of information

A Guide to Telecommunications available through telecommunica
Literacy tions.

12HK. of RAM. The amount of buffer space will also change

Become an on-line expert in from program to program on the same model of computer
depending on how the program was written. You will need
this ongoing to know this information to lx' able to decide if a text buffer
is large enough for your application.
telecommunications tutorial. Some programs allow tor personal choices of tilings like
screen, border and text colors. These choices are very useful
if you have a favorite color combination or are using a black-
in part three of our scries, we cover some ofthe more pop and-white television as a monitor.
ular features found in telecommunications programs. We will Another useful feature In telecommunications software is
also show how to connect Commodore modems to various its ability to be used with more than one model and brand of
Commodore computers through photographs and a refer modem. This is important if you decide to change models or
ence chart. brands at a later time, and still want to use the same software.
An explanation of die features in telecommunications pro One of the most popular features is the ability to upload
grams are useful so you can properly shop for a terminal pro and download programs and text files using common proto
gram. These features may not Ik- available in all telecom cols. The two most common protocols arc XModem and
munications programs, but attempt to find one mat has all CBM-Puntcr. XModem is a very popular protocol because al
the options you need. Keep in mind that the way you use most all brands of home and personal computers have an
these features will vary from program u> program. These fea XModem protocol telecommunications program)—available
tures arc not listed in any special order of Importance. to them. That is, if a computer of one brand Is connected to a
The first two features are variable baud rates and user-de computer of another brand, they can transfer a file or pro
finable parameters. Variable baud rates are needed if you are gram from one to the other. This does not mean that die oth
using a modem that can be operated at either 300 baud or er computer will be able to run the program. The second
1200 baud (the Commodore 1670/Modem 1200, tor exam computer could send the program to a third computer, and if
ple). User-definable parameters mean mat you can control computer number three was the same make and model as
the settings for parity, stop bits and duplex. the originator of the program (computer number one), the
Auto-dialing is a welcome feature, of course, but you must program could now be run You can see how this ability to
make sure that your modem is capable of it. You enter the send and store files/programs froehone computer to another
number you wish to call and the telecommunications soft (even though they are not of the same make or model) con
ware will do the dialing. More advanced telecommunications be very useful, g
programs also have an option to redial the number automati
cally if it is busy or no one answers. The following table determines which figure you
Another option commonly used with auto-dialing is a tele should refer to for your combination of computer, mo
phone director): This lets you add your most frequently dem and monitor. To use this table, find your computer
called numbers to the telecommunications program for fu in the left-hand column, dien move across until you
ture use. With this option, you simply select the telephone find your modem type and, where applicable, your
number you wish to dial from a menu of available numbers
monitor type.
and the program auto-dials it. This saves you from entering
the number of your favorite bulletin l-xxird or data base each
1600 1650 1660 1660 1660 1660 1660 1670
time you call.
1902A 1902 1802C TV
Some programs allow for programmable keys called ma
8-pin* 5-pin"
cro keys. These keys store names, numbers, or anything else
VIC 20 Fig 1 Fig 2 Fig 8 Fig 9
that you wish, for instant recall. This is useful for storing your
SX-64 Fig 1 N/A Fig 6 Fig 9
password and/or user ids that many commercial data bases
C64 Fig 1 Fig 2 Fig 7 Fig 4 Fig 3 Fig 5 Fig 9
and bulletin boards systems require.
C128 Fig 1 Fig 2 Fig 7 Fig 4 Fig 3 Fig 5 Fig 9
A built-in buffer (sometimes called a text buffer) is very
Plus/4 N/A N/A Fig 7 Fig 4 Fig 3 Fig 5 Fig 9
useful for saving all or part of the information you are view
ing on-screen. This information can then be saved to disk N/A This combination is not recommended and may cause
(usually in a sequential file) or dumped to your printer if a damage to you modem and/or computer.
printer option is available. * This applies to all models of Commodore monitors when
Text buffers come in many sizes. The size of a buffer will using an 8-pin 3-plug monitor cable.
depend on the amount of available RAM in your computer. * This applies to all models of Commodore monitors when
For example, the VIC 20 has 3.5K of RAM and the 128 has using a 5-pin 2-pIug monitor cable.

18 MARCH'87
TELECOMMUNICATIONS

Figure 1 Figure 5

Figure 2 Figure 6

Figure 3 Figure 7

Figure 4 Figure 8

Figure 9

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 19
 TELECOMMUNICATIONS BY KOUl-KT W. I1AKEK

dates are available. Also, watch for special

Inside
offers to QuantumLink subscribers that
several companies have made available
from time to time.

QuantumLink Additional download areas are also be

ing added in a Special Edition Software
library within the Commodore Software
Explore the inner tvorkings
Showcase section of CIN. This area is
of the QuantumLink
specifically for downloads of programs
telecommunication service with from major magazines. There will also be
network pro Bob Baker. areas for downloads from specific au
thors.
lime-Wasters You'll also find additional areas for spe
When viewing messages from a mes cific companies. These areas are being
sage board, remember mat you can al created to give you direct access tor as
ways stop them by hitting die F5 key at sistance and feedback with the various
an)r time. As long :ls the check mark is companies producing major products.
displayed in the upper-right-hand comer This should really be of interest as more
of your screen, hitting the F5 key simply companies participate.
terminates the message at that point. The The Tutoring Center in the Ixrarning
check mark should disappear, indicating Center is also expanding You'll now find
the transmission has stopped. monthly schedules of classes, teacher
Once the transmission lias ceased, you of what is already there. In some cases profiles, and class descriptions from die
can then press the F7 key to get the end- this can wipe out a very important piece main menu. When diis column was writ
of-messagc prompt. This prompt lets you of information. ten, courses included English, Mathemat
press Fl to see the next message in the I always try to include die machine- ics, Science and Computer Program
thread or press F7 to see the options type in the headings I create when post ming.
menu. Pressing F5 at either point will ing messages in the New Products Infor Each of the Tutoring Center major to
clear the current message and rc-display mation section of CIN. This makes it easi pics has an individual class schedule, as
the last screen of message headings that er to locate everything relating to die sociated message board, downloadable
was displayed Amiga, for example, by scanning for ev study material, plus on-line quizzes with
This shortcut really helps when you ery message containing the word Amiga. in its own menu. Additional topics arc-
just want to read responses to a message Fortunately, diis won't be necessary for also covered within a General Studies
you posted yourself, or when reading ad very much longer since we're going to area, but these will only have simple
ditional responses to a message you read start breaking the new product informa message boards for now. Additional sub
previously. Press the F5 key as soon as tion into categories. jects are being added as teachers are ar
the first heading line is displayed and the Hie New Pnxiuct Information section ranged.
rest will be terminated. I lowever, if the has realty taken off. More companies are One last item of interest is die Trea
message is very short, you may wind up starting to participate on a regular basis, sure Hunt information available in Just
pressing the F5 key too late and the en widi some even posting dieir own infor for Fun. Users trying to solve the Trea
tire message will be cleared. In this case, mation directly to the message board. sure Hunt and win die S500.000 receive
you'll have to re-display the original mes I've been posting as man}- as five to ten clues on-line. These clues, combined
sage and then let the short message messages a day at times, and at one point with die book and videotape, help solve
transmit to completion. the message board had over 1,000 mes the puzzle. The book is available for
The new capabilities of scanning mes sages. S995 and the video tape is available for
sage hoards for specified topics has been Due to die volume of information in S19.95. Both contain separate sets of
a real lifesaver. However, this feature die New Product Information section, clues leading to die treasure.
makes it extremely Important that every QuantumLink is going to start aging die If you ever experience difficult)' with
one use meaningful headings for their message board to eliminate die older in the system, please bear with it. There is
messages when posting a new message formation :ifter 60 to 90 days. We hope so much development work going on
on a message board. Try to use key to save die older information in some diat small problems are bound to crop
words that relate to die subject of the kind of downloadable archive files so up from time to time. If you should run
message, using standard abbreviations if the information will still be available across a problem, notify the people at
accessary. if needed. Quantumlink via E-mail to JENNY C so
Also, try to keep message headings diey can investigate and correct it. g
short enough that the response indicator Hot off the Wire
By die time you read diis, we .should Bob Baker is in charge of the New Prod
will not delete an important part of the
heading when someone posts a response have a new download area widiin die ucts Information area on the Quart-
to your message. The (R) response indi New Products Information area where tuniLink network He can be reached
cator is always added in a specific col demos, shareware, specifications, man on Q-Link via E-Mail addressed to
umn position in the heading regardless uals, on-line catalogs, and software up RBAKER.

20 MARCH'87
 til- I'Uimiu
• I II |>!
III Ml !
< ' MINIMI
i nil iininir
il- i n i p
i j mi •■

i ii if- . ' I III III III MIHI ||

i it.yiii t I III ■■■ It ill ■
i i ii i . ,' 111 Illtlllli litll I ! It i:. t "•
ii mill mi lie «. ' • > < >"" •

BY THE TIME
SHEGE1ST0 "PHOENIX;
HE'LL BE SLEEPING.
Having thousands of facts is one Once your data is in, the real fancy, you can display your infor
thing. Finding the ones you need is fun begins. mation graphically with geoChart.
another. Which is why you should You want names of bus drivers? And geoFile does it all in
consider buying geoFile. The From Arizona? Under five foot six? seconds.
easy- to- use database manager for Between the ages of 33 and 35? With Now, with all that in mind, what
GEOS-equipped Commodores. incomes of $22,396 or more? Who are you going to do—spend a few
Whether they're sneezed inJune? bucks on geoFile?
receivables or reci Just click your Or spend all night wishing that
pes, once you have mouse and watch you had?
geoFile, you can fly geoFile go to work.
through facts in sec Searching. Sorting. To order call 1-800-443-0100 ext. 234
'{..'•- \:::., pdw Jfal "_".
onds, clicking and Comparing and listing geoFile $49.95
picking the ones you the data alphabetically. {California residents add 6.5% sales tax.)
want, just the way CM) «> : !.«*«
Or numerically. Or in $2.50 US/S5.50 Foreign for shipping and
you want them. whatever priority your handling. Allow six weeks for delivery.
It's as simple as fill form specifies. Nl.ili-Hi-.1nwS.UJ

ing out a form. You can put the data

The geoFile "form" organizes all into form letters and lists with geo-
kinds of information. Like names, Merge. Or into math functions, with GEOFILE
numbers, rates of objects' accelera geoCalc. Or if you really want to get
tion when dropped from two-story
buildings—you name it. As much as
you can fit on a printed page.
n Berkeley
Softworks
The brightest minds are working at Berkeley.
 THE STROM
ARE BUILT WIT
Whether you're building an
argument or just hammering
out a memo, any project looks
better when you put it together
in Writer's Workshop. The
supercharger that powers your
GEOS-equipped Commodore
through even the most wrench
ing assignments.
Sharpen your skills. The
first thing to do in the Workshop
is plug into geoWrite 2.0, which
contains all the brand new tools
you need to hone any rough
concept into a well-crafted
document.
You get headers. Footers.
Subscripts and superscripts.
You can center your text. Right
justify. Full justify. And nail

L Stve Snu*

■ -..in ime

Mr Sttvt Smith
Smith Conmmkitio
WOO SlHlljM Annu

Th« tontmsion ti not certain, but nounttns •ci*ntific

EnclosedpltHi fall number of itnTK thit hdp «U l»,< BEOS :'-(■/
ne« now m.iinn-. that tKe eoa~t>e*r(no Esiter Bunnv wf
u-ritrni ibmn ttw pnAirt. Thtii in tlii rnthjiusi nu;i:r.fi Out I m

down formatting problems with

variable vertical spacing and
adjustable margins.
The Workshop cuts down
on your manual labor, too. With
one-stroke, "shortcut" keyboard
commands. They keep your Replace old, worn-out
hands off the mouse so you can parts. You can build anything
keep your mind on your work. with Writer's Workshop. And
In fact, there's a complete repair old stuff, too. Just decide
set of heavy-duty accessories which parts have to come out
that not only strengthen and which new ones go in.
your writing, but reinforce its Then hit the key and stand
structure, as well. back.
Instantly, the "search and
replace" drills through your old
BEST CASES
IAWORKSHOR LaserWriter for you to print on.
You simply upload your files
to QuantumLink.™ Then they're
printed and mailed back.
Convenient, or what?
THE EASTER BUNNY:
Rodenl of Reality or Man-Made
Myth? 3tU Smith
3124 Vttjinli SI.
Bmon. CA 9MII

The conclusion is not certain, but

mourning scientific evidence now indicates «tei »«i

thai the egg-bearing Easter Bunny1 we oil

loved as children may indeed be as real as D«I uakknlmo),
we hud hoped. I'mhwfci'ipiity. Tlnit'11 *« pinny of «iMrLk» titn. You:
hjpprntd t "'.r.i'" »l know ya'j Luor/ umnT *o mrft! (vhj oJ tfrt Un o
Although traditionally reclusive, the On (cp of that, «rinme» ujil b« htit. loo. «rvckTKin>c» ijou qoKtn mr

bashful bunny has been sighted with

increasing frequency, over the past five
years. As illustrated lit Figure 6. ihe annual Of course, you don't want to
number of sightings has sieadily grown NEW
EVIDENCE
keep good-looking documents
from a low of 1,876 in 19S2 to over 5*346
so far this war.
ABOUNDS like this to yourself. So we built
in geoMerge. Which customizes
"The problem isn't so much the
bunny, as it is the eyewitnesses," adds your geoWrite form letters to
Dr. Dougherty. "Many of them are people on your mailing lists.
unreliable, with nothing to show for their
claims except for big baskets of chocolate
So if your plans call for some
eggs', leading us io beleieve we're not real masterpieces, do something
dealing with a rabbit as such, but perhaps really constructive about it. Call
an Easter Chicken."
your software dealer and requisi
At first, ihe sightings were attributed to
crackpots who saw The Easter Bunny as tion Writer's Workshop.
pan of a religious ritual. However, since Who knows? You just might
The Easter Bunny has been seen by adults
as well as children, scientists have
build a name for your self.
become less skeptical.
In fact, as Dr. Uevano points out,
"The Easter Bunny must be taken
To order call 1-800-443-0100 ext. 234
seriously by everyone from school Writer's Workshop $49.95
children to the President of the United (California residents add 6.5% sales tax.)
States." $2.5(J US/S5.50 Foreign for shipping and
handling. Allow six weeks for delivery.
^ 'i "i ■' ■■■ i ': r."! i-l1 "--": rI- ■! i_' r;:=" -! t\ r l:1^ l: hii -. Ll I
GEOS. Writer's Workshop and Bethdn SonionaKC
tndnunwsuflk-riidcySofhMxita PapcrCliplM
nvisienit (fjtlt-n..ift d BaSaifei IntluW.

text, replacing worn-out words

and phrases with your brand
A few more built-in
features. Every project leaves
WRITER'S
new ones. the Workshop looking beautifully WORKSHOP
For more serious cases, hand finished, too. Because it not
the job over to the Workshop's only comes with LaserWriting
Text Grabber. It takes text from compatibility, there's even a
several word processors—like
Paper Clip"' —and lets you over

n Softworks
haul them with new GEOS fonts, Berkeley
formats and graphics.

The brightest minds are working at Berkeley.

 SOFTWARE REVIEWS BY GRAHAM KINSI-Y

Defender of
the Crown
Computer: Amiga
Publisher: Mindscapc
3444 Dundee Road
Northbrook, O4H 60062
Medium: Disk
Price: S50.00

IVAindscape's new adventure game tor

the Amiga is the first in Mindscape's Cin-
emaware scries. It is an "interactive mov
ie," a world in which you are the lead
character. The storyline revolves totally
around your actioas.
The scene is England in the twelfth
century. The king has been murdered,
and as a result, the Norman and Saxon
factions are battling for die throne. You
play one of the three Saxon lords. ;md Many Amiga owners mill purchase
your goal is to capture all three Norman
castles, which will make you king. You this game for one name
choose which Saxon you play. Each of
die four choices has different levels of alone: Jim Sachs.
leadership, jousting ability and sword-
wielding prowess.
The most valuable asset in this game is
land. For each territory you own, you evenly matched battle between two ar teractive adventure with graphics and
collect taxes—your main source of in mies into a rout. Without a backbone of sound like you've never heard before,
come. And you need all the gold you can men-at-arms to attack from, your expen this is a must buy. But if the premise of a
get so you can buy men-at-arms, knights sive knights can get surrounded and de fantasy-adventure has got you hoping for
and catapults. But of course, there are stroyed in an instant. a better-looking Ultima steer clear.
other alternatives. Challenge another Also, don't lay siege to a castle without Be wary of the manual. For example,
lord to a joust with land as stakes. Or sim a massive force, especially since a lot of when it discusses die catapult, there are
ply joust for fame. The jousting scene is practice is needed with the catapult be some discrepancies. Hie manual said that
die most life-like scene in die program. fore you can knock down a castle wall. boulders were best tor knocking down a
The sound of the opponent's gallop is ex And one final note, if you can rescue a castle's wall, but hurling Greek tire and
tremely realistic. kidnapped Saxon lady from the Nor diseased animals were best at killing the
But then, land-poor lords have quick mans, your luck in battle will improve besieged soldiers. However, in the pro
reprisals. Sneak into another lord's castle tremendously. gram you have no choice of what to cata
at night and steal his gold out from under The graphics in this program are amaz pult—you can only throw boulders.
him. But i">e warned, you'll have to kill ing. You really must see it to believe it. In Be careful when building a new castle
the lord's guards in hand-to-hand com fact, many Amiga owners will buy this in a newly won territory. Once a castle is
bat. Unless your character is Geoffrey game because of one name: Jim Sachs. If built, 20 men-at-arms are automatically
l.ongsword (the only Saxon master you have seen any Amiga art before, you allocated to defend the castle. But you
swordsman), it will not be easy. And it know that Jim Sachs has no equal And cannot allocate more than 20. So, in ef
you are captured in the process, you will believe me, in this game Jim maintains fect, building castles is of little value, be
have to ransom yourself out of there. his reputation. cause any decent-sized army can take
In the process, you'll have to learn Unfortunately; I finished the game after your outer lands with ease.
how to build and lead an army effectively only two days. I put in a total of about In summary; Defender of (be Omen is
if you want to have any chance of Ix-- seven hours of play. At its current price. very entertaining. Keeping in mind that it
coming king. Having a good ratio ofmen- Defender of the Owen cost me about is not quite as complex as you might
at-arms to knights in your army is very three times more per hour as any movie have expected, you can still relish the
important Just a few knights can tip an at the theater; If you are expecting an in very impressive graphics. g

24 MARCH'87
 ARE YOU

FOR FRIENDS?
v

If you're finding it increasingly point and click a ' Put them both
difficult to find anything at all, mouse, you can call iLRi.-- together with
maybe it's time you found out up any list of friends geoMerge and it's
■ .-!__!■. ■■■.'■ 1 ■ ■■■ J-! ■- -~LT"

about geoDex. The GEOS-com- with geoDex's easy- toga time!

patible directory that generates to-read graphics. The search is
mailing lists. Prints address Our most in over. So if you're
labels. And sorts out all sorts of viting feature. Of tired of looking
things for your Commodore. course, once you've for friends, waltz
Try directory assistance. gotten your friends right down to your
With a little help from geoDex, organized, the next thing we software dealer and ask him for
you can call up a directory recommend you do with geoDex geoDex. We can't guarantee it'll
organized from any three catego is really very simple. win you more friends, but it'll cer
ries you choose. Which means Throw a party. tainly keep you from losing them.
you can list your friends by name, You see, geoDex comes with
telephone number or geoMerge, a mail To order call 1-800443-0100 ext. 234
almost anything else merge program that
geoDex $39.95
that can be assigned customizes form let (Dili for lib residents add 6.596 sales tax.)
its own three- ters, announcements $2.50 US/$5.50 Foreign for shipping and
character code. —even party invita handling. Allow six weeks for delivery.
Like "MEN" for tions—with the CommodortibalradirmailoiComniodoith:k.f[mnics Lid. GEOS.
geoDex and Bcrfci:k.-y SoflVHtfis art Lradenanvs <•( Itrrrttk-y Soltwoiks.

guys you know. Or names and addresses

"GRL" for girls you stored in geoDex.
know. Or "FOX" for girls or guys
you'd like to know.
First you write the letter with
geoWrite. Then you select a GEODEX
But no matter how you choose list from geoDex.
to categorize them, if you can

Berkeley
Fl Softworks
The brightest minds are working at Berkeley.
SOFTWARE REVIEWS REVIEWED BY ERVIN HOBO

Chessmaster
2000
Computer: Commodore 64
Publisher: Electronic Arts
1820 Gateway Drive
San Mateo, CA 94404
Medium: Disk Chessmaster 2000
Price: S34.95
features over
71,000 moves
A here should be nothing new about a
game of chess—every combination of
in the opening
moves has been made at one time or an
library.
other. Computer chess, however, is an
other story-. Programmers still have a
ways to go in their attempts to simulate
this game.
But with Chessmaster 2000, a new
standard in chess for home computers
may lie set, not only because of the stun
ning 3-D graphics, but because it readies
new heights, boasting over 71.000
moves in the opening library.
In the standard play mode, you have
an overhead view of the chess board the menu and the board to see how your rely entirely on this feature, You toggle
with flattened chess men that look like choices affect the game. The menu di between the menu and the game to see
decals. Press Control-P and the perspec vides your screen into four sections. At the suggestion. Thanks to these hints. I
tive changes. Now you arc looking at the upper left is the main menu called actually beat the computer.
board from an angle much like the one Choices. Select any of the items listed The Show Thinking mode takes you to
you would have if you were playing with here and a sub-menu appears at lower die inner workings of the computer, dis
real pieces on a table. Each piece is left. Select a feature and the box at lower playing each possible move. Search Level
drawn to give it a 3-D look. right shows you the current status. shows how deeply into possibilities the
In this mode, the board can be rotated The box at the upper right of the computer is considering. And for those
90 degrees at a time, allowing you to ex screen displays all the moves that have who wonder just where things began to
amine the situation from many angles. been made. An asterisk in the notation— go wrong, the Replay Game option will
Using die rotation mode twice in succes such as D2"D4—will indicate that an op show you.
sion will turn the board 180 degrees— ponent's piece was captured with that Playing against the computer, there are
usciiil for switcliing sides if you find the move. On the other hand, if die notation 19 levels of play ranging from newcomer
computer is beating you! You can switch carries a plus sign—as in D2-D4 -f-—then to grand master. The level selected will
sides any time during the game. the piece on D4 has placed the oppo determine not only the difficulty of the
The board is blue and white, and the nent's king in check. The information on game but die time required to play it. In
game pieces are blue and gold. l:or the moves cm be sent to your printer so that die higher levels, the computer spends
benefit of those who may not have a col you can have a permanent record. more time searching for possible moves
or monitor, a black-and-white mode uses In the Teaching mode, selecting the and considering die consequences of
shades of gray. piece to move causes the square on each move. At level 0 the computer
For the novice and those of us who which that piece resides to be highlight- makes one move every five seconds, and
play so infrequently mat we get muddled cd, and die squares to which it may legal at level 18 it may take as long as 30 min
by moves like "king's pawn to rook 4," ly move are also highlighted. This will be utes per move. Fortunately, you may save
the classical notations of chess have been a great help to the beginner and at die a game and return to it later.
set aside in favor of an algebraic notation: same time prevents illegal moves. If you don't teel like playing a game
D2-D4. You may also have the letters and Also for the beginner is the Show Hint yourself, insert the Games disk and
numbers displayed around the borders feature, which tips you off" as to what watch a replay of one of 100 classic
of die lx)ard. your next move should be. It even plays games. Here die play of past grand mas
There is a large menu of choices, and fair! After almost throwing away a game ters allows you to study and analyze dieir
you may toggle back and forth between because of a stupid move, I decided to Continued on pg, 114

26 MARCH'87
 SPOR
From the incredible realism and
payability of Football...

...to the sophisticated statistical

simulation of Baseball...

i* I \ \

See Your Dealer. For additional product

ordering information or the name of the
dealer nearest you, call (800) 637-4983.
.SubLOGIC. The State of the
Art in Sports Simulations.

LOGIC
Corporation
713 Edgebrook Drive
.-. 0 0 Champaign IL 61820
(2)7) 359-S482 Telev: 206995

Order Line: (BOO) 637-4983

leicepl in Illinois Mask* andHamaBi
 SOFTWARE REVIEWS REVIEWED BY |EFI: SI-IKEN

Spitfire '40
Computer: Commodore 64
Publisher: Avalon Hill Microcomputer
Games The one maneuver that
4517 Harford Road
requires the most trial-
Baltimore, MD 21214
Medium: Disk and-error effort to
Price: $35
perform also happens to
be the one most
necessary to your
X ry your hand piloting a Supermarine
Spitfire, one of tlie most famous fighter survival—landing.
planes to see action in World War II. The
Spitfire earned iLs reputation for fighting
the German Luftwaffe in the Battle of
Britain, the three-month struggle in 1940
for control of tlie skies over England, In
this battle, the Spitfire-flying pilots of tlie
Royal Air Force, though heavily outnum not end until you land your plane of the close eye on the altimeter. It's all too
bered, handed Germany her first defeat ground again or meet a fiery death some easy to lose track of height and send
of the war and saved England from prob where along the way. At die conclusion your aircraft on a screaming dive
able Invasion, of any successful mission, you can pre Straight into the ground.
Spitfire '40 has two modes of play— serve your flight time and number ofkills The one maneuver that requires the
game or simulator. The game mode on a formatted disk, also known as your most trial-and-error effort before it can
thrusts you into the middle of a swirling flight log. until your next mission. be performed with any degree of com
dogfight at 10.000 feet. The dogfight You control your plane with tlie joys petency also happens to be the one
continues until you either run out of fuel tick and a handful of keyboard com most necessary to your survival—land
or ammunition, or have been shot down mands. Maneuvering tlie fighter is pri ing. Unlike almost any other situation
three times. If one of these happen, the marily a (unction of pushing die joystick you will face as a pilot, bringing your
mission is over and the computer ranks to the left or right for turns and forward plane back down to die ground leaves
your performance based on tlie number or backward to change altitude. no room tor miscalculation. A litde too
of enemy planes you destroyed. Tlie game relies on two main screen much speed on much-down or a slight
A typical mission in game mode lasts displays. Hie first features a colorful and tilt to the wheels leads to tlie same fatal
about five to ten minutes, which makes realistic rendition of the Spitfire's instru results. UntU you feel completely com
tliis mode basically a fast-paced introduc ment panel, depicting about a dozen dif fortable with tlie landing procedure, al
tion. It gives you tlie chance to sharpen ferent dials and gauges. The second dis ways take a long, long approach to the
your shooting eye and acquire some ex play shows the view from the cockpit runway, one that gives you enough
perience in handling the plane under window, but here the graphics lose the time to shed excess speed and make
combat conditions before proceeding to sharpness and detail seen on the pre any last second course adjustments be
tlie more demanding simulator mode. vious screen. Objects on die ground, like fore your wheels bump the ground.
However, there is no feature to let you buildings or ponds, appear as flat, odd- Also, altiiough die rules do not clue you
improve an existing score. When a mis shaped blocks of white or blue. In com in to this, it is possible to land in a field
sion is completed, even if you have not bat, die German planes flit across the instead of on the airstrip.
been shot down once, the computer per screen Looking more like giant flies than Spitfire '40 has no clearly-defined dif
manently retires you. You can play again. sleek fighters. ficult}7 levels. Rather, the more flight
but in this mode you start each time as a The player's manual provides a help time you record on your log disk, tlie
novice pilot with no kills to your credit. ful set of instructions on how to con more realistic die simulator becomes.
For a sense of continuity between mis duct some basic combat maneuvers According to the rulebook, this means
sions, as well as a higher level of chal like loops and rolls. These can be mas certain real-life quirks of the Spitfire de
lenge, simulator mode provides the an tered with a little practice. In fact, most sign will make the plane harder to han
swer. In this mode, combat is but one aerial acrobatics are instinctive in tlie dle, and the German fighters will be
part of your flight routine. A scramble heat of battle as you struggle to shake come tougher opponents. Otherwise,
alert first appears on the screen, inform an enemy off your tail or keep one in the rules arc purposefully vague about
ing you of tlie number of incoming en your gunsights. With enough airspace, when or in what ways these leaps in
emy planes, their height and their bear you can attempt practically any maneu realism will occur. As a result, though
ing. The mission officially begins with ver without wrecking your plane. In my habit of missing tlie runway has not
your take-off from tlie runway and does low altitude dogfights, however, keep a Continued on pg. 114

28 MARCH'87
 Captain's Log...
War Date 10.01.44
•"Captain's Log. October it 1944.0250 Hours.
Fleet submarine USS Hammerhead proceeding
Southwest at cruising speed. Our mission:
intercept enemy convoy off the coast of Borneo.
Disperse and destroy."

Tandy 1000/iBM PC Jr. screens shown

"0300 Hours. Two hours until dawn. Radar "0400 Hours. Lookouts on the bridge. "0500 Hours. Sound General Quarters!
picks up convoy, escorted by two destroyers. Target identification parly reports one cargo Baflle stations manned. Preparing torlorpedo
We believe that one ol the enemy's valuable ship. 4,000 Ions, troopship of 10,250 tons, with run. Gauge Panel OK. Periscope OK. Charts
cargo ships is part ol convoy formation." __ two Koibofcon-type escorts. Moving into and Attack Plot Board OK. All mechanical
aiiack position." _[ systems OK."

"0525 Hours. Torpedo rooms report full tubes "0600 Hours. We are at linal attack position. "0700 Hours. Depth charged forone hour.
forward and art. Battery at full charge for Convoy moving at 10 knots. Target distance Some minor damage, but repair parties at
silent running. We hope water temperature decreasing rapidly... Crash Dive! Escorts have work. Destroyer propeller noises receding.

will provide thermal barrier to confuse spotted us and are turning to attack! Rig to We'll come to periscope depth tor our return
enemy sonar." run silent." . - punch."
."■"■'

"Superb" raves
Silent Service Is available lor Commodore 64' 128™.
Scott May in On
Amiga™. Applell family. Aloii Xl/XE. Atari ST. IBM
I Line, "strategic PC/PC Jr. and Tandy 1000. at a suggested retail

I intensity and heart- priced S34.95 (Atari ST and Amiga. $39.95).

Commodore. Amiga. Apple. Atari. IBM. and ToncJy

pounding action
ore registered Itademarks ol Commodore Elec-
have rarely been Ironics. Ltd,, Commodoie-Amiga Inc.. Apple

merged this suc Computer. Inc.. International Business Machines

Corp.. and Tandy Corp., respectively.
cessfully." Analog
Availoble liamyouitocoi retailer. It oul-ol-stock.
calls it flatly "the contaeiMicroProsedlrectfytoi further information
best submarine on out lull range ot simulation software, and to place
Mastercard/Visa orders.
simulation so far." Compute com
ments "Silent Service's detail is
astonishing." Join the more than
"0715 Hours. Torpedo tubes 1,2.3 fired. 150.000 computer skippers who
Two destroyers hit and sinking. One ol the have volunteered for Silent Service.
enemy's last cargo ships coming into 'scope
view — an ideal target position. On my mark..
the naval action/tactics simulation
FireTube4!Fire5!" — fromMicroProse.
 SOFTWARE REVIEWS rkvik\vi:d by i-rvin bo ho

Discovery
Computer: Amiga
Publisher: Micro-Illusions
P.O. Box 3475
Granada Hills, CA 91344
Medium: Disk
Price: 539.95

X. he first thing you do in Discovery is

select which of the four crew members
you wish to be: boy earthling (Scott), girl
Your spaceship has crashed on a remote asteroid,
earthling (Katy), robot (Mek) or friendly
alien (Lotar). You manipulate the charac and only you are in the condition to survey
ter through joystick control. Up to this
point, not that many games for the Amiga damage to the ship.
use a joystick. This may have lead you to
believe that there is no Amiga joystick. congratulatory message, the door slides (which increase as you find crystals and
And you're right. But there is no need for open, and you continue on your merry decrease as you contact the scuttling
one because standard Commodore 64 way, looking for fuel crystals and avoid aliens), and a numeric overall score diat
joysticks work fine on the Amiga. ing aliens. Should you fail to solve the is a result of finding crystals—50 points
Following character selection, the problem, the correct answer will be dis each—and correctly answering math
game scenario and objectives are shown played. But there is no free ride. Before equations—10 points each.
on-screen as the Amiga narrates them to you can proceed, you must solve an As a game, Discovery features ex
you. The scenario is simple. Your space equation correctly. tremely well-done graphic backgrounds,
ship, the Starship Discovery, has crashed Your spaceship, seen in cross-sectioa excellent animation (wait till you see
on a remote asteroid, and only you are in is actually a maze. Though you see only your character climb a ladder), and good
the condition to survey damage to the one or two compartments at a time, a dieme music—along widi easy joystick
ship. You do this by gathering the 12 fiiel smooth-scrolling action is automatic as control and a challenging puzzle.
crystals that were scattered within die you approach die border of the screen. Because die objectives of die game arc
ship upon impact At die bottom of die screen, an outline of presented on-screen at die start of each
This sounds simple until you realize die entire ship appears and your present game, the written documentation is
that your cargo of creepy and crawly location is indicated by a moving blip. sparse and consists mainly of die proper
alien specimens was released during the You move your character through cor way to enter your answers to die math
crash. They too are wandering around ridors and up and down ladders in die problems. This is all die documentation
the ship. In addition, many connecting exploration of the sliip. Should you not needed.
doors were sealed during the emergency wish to go down a ladder, you must jump As an educational tool, I found die
that brought you down, and to open over the opening by pressing die fire but math levels to match the grades for
them now you must solve a math equa ton. However, if your character jumps which they are intended (as near as I can
tion or spell a word. from a standing-still position, he may not remember; it's been a while since sev
The version used for this review' is the make it. He won't be hurt, though, be enth grade). Moreover, die problems are
math version, and upon booting you cause falling is the proper way to de written the way most likely to be found
choose addition, subtraction, multiplica scend. For a longer jump, you must de in schoolbooks and in test papers. And. of
tion or division—or a mixture of the velop a knack of continuing your walk course, die system of rewarding a cor
four. You also choose a grade level. and pressing the fire button as your char rect answer is tried and true.
When you encounter a closed door, acter reaches die brink. Aldiough I've not yet seen it, die spell
you'll notice a monitor screen on the Only Scott, Katy, and Lotar actually ing version of Discovery contains word
wall near it. The screen on this monitor jump; Mek, die robot, has rockets in his lists targeted at grades one dirough ten.
shows a line-drawing of a face, which feet diat help lift him over obstacles and There is also a trivia version available.
changes expression as it invites you to act as retro-rockets to cushion his falls. A great deal of work has been put into
solve the equation that appears just be Proper jumping technique and reflexes Discovery to make it enjoyable as well as
low the main screen. All messages from are important, because this is die only playable. It is a delightful package that is
the animated monitor are done in the way to deal with the scuttling aliens. worthwhile. Because the locations of
standard Amiga voice and are clearly un Should you jump on one instead of over crystals arc random, each game is a new
derstandable. A feature I especially liked one, you'll find yourself spun into a tizzy, one and should keep die children com
was the problems that could only be costing you units of strcngdi. ing back—exactly what you want from
solved by "carrying" numbers. Score is kept on three levels: number an educational game I don't hesitate to
Solving the problem brings forth a of crystals recovered, units of strcngdi recommend it liiglily. Q

30 MARCH '87
 ming,
diving,
gymnas
tics and
The follow skeet Sumo wrestling.
A sport of ritual and tradition.
Gymnastics. A
graceful display of balance.
The Bobsled.
One wrung move and it's
ing programs shooting, pOtSt und uswun trullfin. right down the lube.

are brought to just to name a few.

the hot dog aerials. And
you by an incredi There's its equally j beg for mercy in the
ble series of events. acclaimed sequel, Sum- \ Biathlon. And coming

Over 30! mer Garnes IF* Go for nextsummer,our

| of them, ; the gold in rowing, cy newest Games i
cling, equestrian, fenc program. (Bet
[/ specific, j ing, the high jump, the ter get ready
They're I triple jump, kayaking, to hit the
| the unfor- j and more.
gettable j Finally
events of i there's
h our best-sell-; the icy
ing Games | challenges Cliff Diving. In Acapuko,
series. j
everyone falls for it.
of Winter
First, World I GamesT Waitll you beach.)
Games™ Eight! careen the tube in a bob Now, it
international sled. Fly the ski jump. Or may seem like a
events rang choreograph lot to handle.
ing from an entire fig But don't let
Sumo wres ure skating world events
tling to cliff diving. routine. % get the best
Buffriding to weight- flip out over
Ride a bucking bull
of you.
lifting. Even skiing the
Chamonix slalom.
There's our enor
mously popular
Summer Games?
Break records in
1 'lb 8plaveA Amiga,
track, m Apple II <£■ compatibles. 1 To 8 players.
Atari ST. C64/128, IBM Apple U & compati-
lib 8 players.
Apple II & cumpati-
1 To 8 plovers.
Amiga, Appk II & aunpan
& compatibles. Coming blcs. Atari C64/128. bles, C64/I28. IBM bles, Alan ST. C64/128, IBM
for the Apple UGS. & compatibles. & compatibles. Macintosh.
 SOFTWARE REVIEWS REVIEWED liV JOHN (ERMAINE

alternative is flying short distances in and

around four major American cities (Seat

Jet and tle, lx)s Angeles, Boston/New York, and a

region in central and northern Illinois)

Scenery Disks which are stored on die Flight Simula

tor II disk. Each location contains local
landmarks as well as die major roads, air
Computer: Commodore 64 ports and bodies of water already found
Publisher: Sublogic on die Scenery Disks.
713 Edgebrook Drive The other two flight scenarios chal
Champaign, 0,61820 lenge the experienced pilots of the
Medium: Disk group to drop bombs in die Target Strike
Price: $3955 (Jet) mode or engage the enemy in a series of
SI9.95 each dogfights. During either mode of play,
(Scenery Disks) you have the option of flying a carrier-
based F1H or an Fl6 stationed at a mili
tary airfield.
■I've always been fascinated with the sci The dogfight has always been die clas
ence of flying, but let's face it: I'm no pi sic test of a pilot's knowledge and skills.
lot. Randy Havener, a close friend of When you compete in diis section of die
mine, has been Hying planes for about program, you're required to maneuver
nine years, but he's never written a soft into favorable positions for launching an
ware review So we joined forces. Here we The programmers ofJet attack against an armed moving foe.
evaluate Jet and the Scenery Disks that Should your assault turn into failure, a
work with Jet and Flight Simulator If. incorporated the basic good pilot knows when to break oft' the
Flight Simulator II has long been con attack and get away from die enemy. The
features of Flight
sidered the ultimate flight simulator. So enemv consists of MIG-21s and!23s,
when Sublogic's programmers wrote Jet, Simulator II with a which rule die air with superior arma
they incorporated the basic features of ment.

Flight Simulator II with a simplified

simplified control and To counter these obstacles. Jet offers
control and instrument system to make die player AIM-9 and AIM-7 missiles, and
instrument system to
Jet easier to operate. an M61 machine gun. It's important to
Jet has an interesting blend of com make}et easier to remember die characteristics of each
mon flight simulation features, with one missile. The AIM-9 Side Winder is a
or two new ones thrown in for good
operate lightweight accurate heat seeker, with a
measure. The program possesses a prac range of about five miles. The AIM-7
tice mode and nine skill levels, iliis se all you need to fly conventional civilian Sparrow is a heavier missile, using radar
tup gives the aviator in your family the aircraft flying at approximately 120 to home in on a target. It has a medium
opportunity to make a flight as difficult knots. Injet, however, we're dealing with range of approximately 25 miles.
as desired. Jet, like the Flight Simulator velocities approaching Mach 2, which is The game provides a standard arma
II, offers you six different views from the twice die speed of sound. To give die pi ment of four missiles, but you can alter
aircraft. To see die ground in Jet, howev lot a reasonable amount of reaction time diis. If you enter a dogfight carrying too
er, the pilot must roll his plane upside- to dcil with objects he can't see in the much weight, you become a sitting duck
down and press the G key on die com distance, die creator of die program de because your fuel is consumed at an ac
puter, then look up at the ground veloped the zoom feature. When this is celerated rate. As you alter the standard
dirough the canopy: This strange way to activated, the pilot lias die ability to in missile cargo, the scenario of your mis
view the ground isn't covered in the tensify or reduce the magnification of sion and die flight time also changes.
manual. the image he sees through die aircraft's In die Target Strike mode of Jet die
The control tower view was some windshield This feature operates like die MIGs are gone, but you have to deal with
thing I hadn't encountered before. Im zooming in and out of a camera lens, and surface-to-air missiles while mastering
pressing the C key, die pilot can view- it's saved ray hide numerous times. the art of precision bombing. Target
how a person in the control tower Strike also have its own arsenal of arma
would see the plane lx>di in flight and on Missions ment for your plane. The AGM-65 Mav
the ground, from its hanger out to die Jet offers three different flight plans. erick missile has a small impact zone
airfield. When the jet is in flight, the pilot Hrst, you can fly your craft in free-flight with a range of about 1-i miles. An MK-
can fly die plane as if it were remote- mode. This phase offers three possible 82 Smart Bomb tracks a point on the
controlled, viewing the jet from the variations. One option allows you to fly ground ;is it drops and delivers a large
tower. around a fictional region created for Jet payload of explosives. I encourage you to
There is a zoom factor which is dis and stored on its disk. Or you can soar experiment with different combinations
played at the bottom right-hand corner over actual American states, found in of armament weight to get fire power
Of the screen. A normal range of sight is one of Sublogic's Scenery Disks. A final Continued on pg t!J

32 MARCH '87
 (Top Guns don't always fly on air... Some fly on water)

Warship of
Red Alert!! Red Alert!!
0800 hours: Terrorists attack
U.S. naval base off Sicily...
Intelligence reports enemy
missile corvettes fleeing
toward Libya ... Additional
enemy patrol craft seen in
area... Seek out and destroy
... Take no prisoners...

The Need for Speed ...

Your search helicopter spots
the Soviet-built Nanuchka II
missile corvette charging
across the "Line of Death."
Foilborne and closing in at
50 knots, you've got him in
your sights. Guns blazing,
you lock-on and launch a
Harpoon guided missile.
Through the water spouts of
his near misses, you see him
explode into flames. Another
mission accomplished.

The Patrol So agile, enemy radar So fast, enemy forces So deadly, there
Hydrofoil Missilecraft. mistakes it for low-flying have only minutes to react. is no second chance.
aircraft.

A Commanding Simulation ...

■ Authentic speed and handling characteristics 8 real-life missions in today's danger zones like
of three different NATO ally hydrofoils: U.S., the Persian Gulf, the Eastern Mediterranean
Italian, and Israeli. and the Gulf of Sidra.
■ Advanced instrumentation and weapons systems Time compression speeds action to 128x normal.
include: 76 mm water-cooled naval cannon, Comprehensive operations manual includes
Exocet, Harpoon and Gabriel guided missiles, mission briefings and enemy vessel spotter
rapid blooming defensive chaff, radar indicator cards.
and damage control sensors. I Technical consultant: Boeing Marine Systems.
■ Full control of search helicopters and convoy
ships.

HOW tO Order: Visit your retailer, or call 800-245-4525 lor direct VISA or Mastercard order* (In CA call BOO-562-1112).
The direct price is 534.95 for the Commodore version and S39.95 tor the Apple II version. To buy by mall, send check or money order
to Electronic Arts Direct Sales, P.O. Boj 7530. San Mateo. CA 94403. Add S3 for shipping and handling (S5 Canadian). Please allow 4
weeks for delivery. Screen shots represent C64 version. Others may vary. Commodore and CB4 are registered trademarks of Commodore
Electronics Limited. Apple tl is a registered trademark of Apple Computer. Inc. Lucasfilm Games. PHM Pegasus, and all elements ol
the game fantasy:7" 4 2 1987 Lucasfilm Ltd. (L.F.L.). All rights reserved. Electronic Arts, authorized user. ELECTRONIC ARTS
 SOFTWARE REVIEWS REVIEW!-!) in' DONAH) MAXWELL

menus are side-by-side, and on the 40-

The Big Blue i

_! I III HI HMI ■ 1« t&BIU. WM
column screen, one menu is visible at a
time with the ALT key switching be

Reader
HUM | ii [ iin | Hit j i« HilHtllK
tween them.
[ )}} 113 BIS U
The main menu displays a disk direc
tor}-. For Commodore disks, this contains
Computer: Commodore 128 the same information that you get when
Publisher: s.o.G.w.a.p. Software you call for the director}- of a Commo
611 Boccaccio Avenue tMUHOIl »IM dore disk on the 128 or the 64, only re
Venice, CA 90291 —
im an m turn ■ ma mn
ordered somewhat. For an MS-DOS disk.
■inwkh: hh
Medium: Disk ■ - . the information is similar to what you
tbut ,B Kg1
Price: S29.95 would see on the screen of an IBM-PC:
die label of the disk (or If there is none,
the information that it is an MS-DOS
Blue" is a popular nickname for DOS to indicate disks for IBM-PC and PG disk), die filename, die filename exten
IBM. whose personal computer, the IBM- compatible computers. With The Big sion, the file size in b}tes. and the date
PC, has come very close to becoming an Bine Reader, the 15"7! drive can read and time the file was saved on the disk.
industry standard in business applica and write MS-DOS versions 1.0 through Although it's not mentioned in the
tions. Unfortunately, however, many fine 3.1. These include 8- or 9-sector single- main menu, you can also print out the di
computers—including Commodore's— or double-sided disks. rector}- that is in memory. And you can
use their own, very different standards, The Big Blue Reader handles all MS- read the director}- of any other disk with
making the transfer of information be DOS and Commodore ASCII text files out affecting the director}- that is already
tween them and IBM's rather difficult. and accounts for the embedded codes of in memory.
In die past, the only practical way to most word processors. And it uses the The alternate menu is really a list of in
transfer data between an DBM-PC and a "burst? speed ofthe 1571 for many oper formation about the disk. It shows the
Commodore computer has been to wire ations, so it's relatively fast. In fact, it type of disk (Commodore or MS-DOS,
the computers together using either two writes files to IBM disks somewhat faster the number of active sides on the disk.
modems or the IBM-PCs RS-232 port than to Commodore disks. The only no the number of sectors per track (if it's an
and the Commodore's user port. Both ticeably slow function is backing up en MS-DOS disk), disk usage, the date of the
connections require a terminal program tire IBM disks on a single drive, which re disk, die buffer si/e in bytes, and die buff
be running in each computer, and to quires four disk swaps for double-sided er contents (filename and file size).
connect the RS-232 port and Commo disks. Using this portion of the package
dore's user port, there must be a special In addition to transferring word pro couldn't be much easier. You make a se
interface to transform the Commodore cessor text files, The Big Blue Reader'will lection from die main menu and The Big
user port voltages and polarities to RS- also work with files for certain other pro Blue Reader does it.
232 levels. ductivity software such as spreadsheets.
But now there's The Big Blue Reader, a although this Is useful only if the IBM and Copy Times
utility program for the Commodore 128 Commodore programs handle the infor The Big Blue Reader actually writes
that lets the 1571 disk drive read from mation in their files similarly. MS-DOS files slightly faster than Commo
and write to IBM-PC disks. It also makes It will also cop}- BASIC programs, al dore files. For example, here are copy
back-up copies of entire IBM disks. And it though again this is useful only with dia times I recorded for a 10.00(1 byte file.
formats disks so they work on PCs and lects of BASIC that l"H)th machines can Load from Commodore disk 6 sec.
PC-compatibles. (EdNote: The following understand. On the Commodore end, ASCII translation time 9 sec.
discussion on transfering files refers to BASIC programs must :ilso be converted Write to MS-DOS disk 16 sec.
data files only. This program will not al to or from ASCII sequential files. Load from MS-DOS disk 9 sec.
low program from a 128 to be run on an There are three programs on The Big ASCII translation time 8 sec.
IBM-PC.) Blue Reader: The Big Blue Reader itself, Write to Commodore disk 26 sec.
This is just the tiling for folks like me Big Blue Backup and Big Blue Format When The Big Blue Reader is reading
who have Commodores at home but an MS-DOS disk, the 1571 busy light
must use IBM-PCs at work. Now I can The Big Blue Reader Program flickers on and off, but the drive does not
write something on a PC in my office, The Big Blue Reader program works in clack or make any other unusual noices.
take it home and transfer it to a Commo either 80-column or-10-coIunin mode It Commodore disks are read normally,
dore disk with The Big Bine Reader, re boots automatically when you turn on or With no flicker to the light.
vise it on my Commodore 128, and re-set the computer. A tide message ap
transfer it back again in the morning. pears for a few seconds, then the screen Big Blue Format
clears and you are asked to set the time Big Blue Format formats a disk so it
What The Big Blue Reader Can and date that you wish to appear on MS- will work with an IBM-PC or PC-com

Do DOS disks. patible. The most p< ipular double-density

IBM PCs use a disk operating system Two menus—main and alternate—are MS-DOS format is used: 360K, double-
called MS-DOS. From now on I'll use MS- displayed On the 80-column screen the sided. 9-sectors per track. According to

34 MARCH'87
SOFTWARE REVIEWS
S.O.G.WAE, die program first physically on your Commodore 128 or vice versa.
formats die disk, then logically sets up This is because die two computers use
the disk for MS-DOS use. Formatting such different microprocessors that pro
takes about one minute on the 1571. The Big Blue Reader grams written for one will not am on the
Other, even though The Big Blue Reader
Big Blue Backup
overwrites the 1571 can copy diem. (The only exception is
Big Blue Backup will copy an entire- ROM with BASIC programs, noted above.)
IBM disk, no matter if it is single-sided or Also, The Big Blue Reader cannot cop)'
double-sided, eight-sector or nine-sector. instructions that CP/M files—it won't even read a CP/M di
With two drives, this goes quickly and ef rectory because CP M is so different
fortlessly: With only one drive, you have enable it to make from MS-DOS, even though they both
to swap disks twice for single-sided disks use IBM System-34 formatting (see the
and four times for double-sided disks. sense ofMS-DOS. sidebar tor more on diis).

Documentation Evaluation
The 23-page instruction manual is The Big Blue Reader does exactly
clear and concise. In fact, The Big Blue suggest why the disk blocks not used by what it's advertised to do. and it's easy to
Reader is designed so mat the manual is die programs are filled with the text of use. I can think of only two improve
hardly ever needed. Paul's letter to the Ephesians—listed in ments for it. One would be the ability to
The Big Blue Reader was written by The Big Blue Reader disk director)', mys erase files from MS-DOS disks and the
Mike Miller, mainly in compiled BASIC-. tically enough, as a copyright notice. other, to copy an entire Commodore
The disk also contains a brief program disk onto an MS-DOS disk in one oper
called INFO that displays copyright infor What the Big Blue Reader ation, and vice versa.
mation, the S.O.G.WA.P address, and a Cannot Do 1 hardly need mention how useful The
telephone number for orders and infor Although The Big Blue Reader will Big Blue Reader is and how dearly it
mation. transfer nearly any type of file between demonstrates the versatility of the 1571
S.O.G.W.A.P., by the way, stands far Commodore and MS-DOS disks, it will disk drive. It's one of the most powerful
Sons of God with All Power. This may not allow you to run IBM-PC programs utilities available for any computer.

arranges the 35 tracks on each side of a the other side (side 1). This allows tlic
DOS Primer disk into four groups. Tracks in the group first side to Ix.1 read by a 1541 disk drive.
For practical purposes, all 5lA inch near the outside of a disk, having a great
floppy disks are the same—until they arc er circumference, can store more data CP/M and MS-DOS
formatted by a disk drive attached to a than can tracks closer to the center of the CP/M and MS-DOS both use a format
computer. Then tilings get complicated. disk. Therefore, those outside tracks are ting system called IBM System-34. This
In the US. alone there are several very assigned more sectors than inside tracks. refers to a method for constructing
different formatting systems in common On Commodore 64 and 128 disks, the tracks on a disk. In this system, unlike
use. One, called CP/M, is used by Kaypro, outside group (tracks 1-17) has 21 sec Commodore's GCR system, the record
Oslx^rne. and several other brands. An tors per track, the second group {tracks ing rate and die number of sectors per
other somewhat more recent system 18-24) has 19. the third (tracks 25-30) track are constant, but the data density
called MS-DOS is used by the IBM-PC has 18. and the inside group (tracks 31- varies, depending on die circumference
and PC-compatibles. There are other sys 35) has 17. of the track. Two different recording
tems, as well, including the Commodore But because the disk spins at a con rates are common: single-density at
GCR system. stant rate (about 300 rpm), the drive 250,000 bits per second and double-den
Commodore, CP/M and MS-DOS disks must vary die rate at which data is sent to sity at 500.000 bits per second. Also,
are formatted so differently that most or each different group in order to keep the there are both single-sided and double-
dinary disk drives can read and write density of the recorded data nearly the sided formats. There are 40 tracks per
only one format and neither of the oth same on all tracks. Commodore's GCR side and (commonly) either eight or nine
ers. The Commodore 1571 drive, how recording rate varies from 250,000 to sectors per track. Writing begins at track
ever, is so "intelligent" that it can read 307,692 bits per second, with the fastest 1, side 0; and in double-sided disks
and write both native Commodore disks rate used for the outside group of tracks. switches to track 1, side 1; then to track
and CP/M disks. As it comes from the fac The second side of a double-sided disk is 2. side 0; track 2, side 1; and so on.
tory, however, it cannot make sense of formatted in the same manner as the first, There is also the matter of timing, or
MS-DOS disks. 1 Icres a brief introduction except that the tracks are numbered synchronization—die way a disk drive
to these three disks formatting and oper from 36 to 70. tells which sector is under die read-write
ating systems. After a Commodore disk has been for head at any particular time. IBM System-
matted, writing data to it begins at track 34 uses the small index hole near the
Commodore 18 of the first side (side 0), proceeds al center of die disk to keep track of the ori
Commodore drives employ a method ternately outward and inward one track entation of die disk, thus allowing the
of formatting disks called Group Code at a time until that side is full. If it's a dou drive to tell what part of die disk is being
Recording—GCR for short This method ble-sided disk, the process continues on Continued on pg lit

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 35
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 SOFTWARE REVIEWS

Gnome Kit
Computer: Commodore 64,
Commodore 128
Publisher: Kira Corp.
P.O. Box 129
Kutztown, PA 19530
Medium: Disk
Price: 39.95

Af you do any programming at all,

Gnome Kit .should put a sp:irk in those
sleepy screen-strained eyes. This disk-
based utility kit is packed with help: a
dozen BASIC programming aids; a ma
chine-language assembler/disassemhler;
and a disk facility that gives you direct ac
cess to die disk drive's memory and each
sector of a disk. All die tools are transpar-
ent to programs stored in the computer's
memory (so they don't interfere with
normal system operations) :uid ace very
easy to access. Ifyou do a lot of program
ming, it can save you hours of program never have to search for the original pro chine-language subroutines without hav
ming and debugging time. gram disk, juggle disks to get ready to be ing to toggle memories or save and re
The single program disk contains a gin, or worr\T about being without die place programs from disk.
version of Gnome Kit for lx>th the Com utilities if a copy is damaged, instead. I The BASK; commands mat Gnome Kit
modore 64 and 128. So whether yon :ire simply slip my work disk into die drive places at die programmer's beckoning
using BASIC 2.0 (the 64's language) or and begin. include delete line ranges, display disk
BASIC 7.0 (the 128's language), the same But perhaps die most helpful feature is directory, enter disk command, load/ar>
utilities are at your fingertips. At first I direct help from Kira. Ifyou have a prob pend programs, quick save, merge, trace
questioned the usefulness of these aids lem using the utilities or have a program with either warmstart or coldstart. help,
for the 128, since BASIC ''.0 already ming question, help is just a phone call renumber program lines, auto line num
boasts a machine-language monitor, away via their direct help line. I called bering, find (variables, text, commands),
HELP key and (unctions like renumber, die number twice during testing the pro- and dump variables.
auto directory, direct disk commands grains for this review, and in both in Ifyou are a 128 user, diose commands
and delete lines command. So I figured I stances, Janet Brito returned my calls ma}T not overly impress you. since most
would use the kit only when I was writ with answers or suggestions. are included in BASIC 7.0, but 64 users
ing a program using my 64. Each Gnome Kit version contains will probably water at die mouth at die
But 1 quickly discovered 1 was wrong. three separate programs: BASIC aid. a thought of having such helpful aids di
After mastering the utilities' simple com machine-language assembler, and disk fa rectly accessible in BASIC 2.0. But as
mand structures, it didn't take long to de cility To simplify die review, I discuss die hard as it may be to believe (except for
velop an addiction to Gnome Kit's pow utilities when used on a Commodore 64 die trace command), all of Gnome Kit's
erful commands which are in most cases only. Everything is true tor die 128 ver commands are more powerful and help
more powerful than those built into the sion as well unless specifically exempted. ful than the 128's built-in commands.
128. Because all the commands are iden When die program is first loaded, you For instance, when a BASIC 7.0 pro
tical regardless of which computer is load either die BASK; programming aids gram runs into a problem, the 128 user
used (64 mode or 128 mode), it makes and die machine-language assembler or can press the help key and die screen
sense to use (hem all the time. The pro die disk facility. Bodi the BASIC aids and will display die errant line and higlilight
gram also includes several impressive die machine-language assembler coexist die general area of die problem. But the
commands not included in BASIC 7.0. in me computer's memory at the same Gnome Kit's help is also automatic If an
The programs are unprotected, so you time and can be accessed freely without error occurs, die problem line will be in
can backup die utilities on different disks dumping any portion of the system's stantly displayed with the cursor blinking
for your own use. I placed die 64 version memory. This means that you can devel on die error's location. So to correct and
on die two disks I use while developing op l-HJtli a BASIC program and a machine- replace die line, all you need do is type
new programs using BASIC 2.0. and the language program at die same time. This the correction and press RETURN. BASIC
128 version on die disks 1 use when pro arrangement makes it easy to develop 7.0 requires you first press die help key,
gramming in 128 mode. This means 1 and test BASIC programs that use ma

38 MARCH '87
SOFTWARE REVIEWS
then list die errant line ;uul correct it. of a dedicated macro assembler like Mer
Both arc powerful aids, but I found lin or Pal which allow comment lines
Gnome Kit faster and easier. Ifyou've been losing and labels. But on die other hand, be
My favorite command is "find." I've cause code is entered directly, there is no
used a similar public domain program for sleep tracing bugs, down time waiting tor die assembler to
years to help me locate programming translate instructions, or need to save
problems, and was disapjx>inted when a hunting for source code to disk. The program gives
version was not included in BASIC 7.0. you direct access to both die 64*5 and
This command is especially helpful when
villainous variables, 128's memory. The biggest advantage of
you decide to finish a program you've let
or reconstructing Gnome Kit over die 12S's built-in moni
collect dust on a shelf for some time— tor is that bodi 64 and 128 versions are
and you can't remember which variables subroutines by handy identical, so if you are doing any ma
you've already used or want to locate a chine-language programming on both
specific command or text string. you need Gnome systems, there is no need to learn the
With the find command you can commands on two different monitors.
quickly locate the occurrence of a specif Kit—its a One curious feature of Gnome Kit's
ic variable (AS, B%, NAMES), text or BA monitor is that it defaults to the decimal
SIC command. The command works
programmer's number system instead of hexadecimal.
similar to the search command which
most word processors include. When is
salvation The user can freely switch between the
two systems, but beginning machine-lan
sued, each line matching the find argu guage programmers must be careful to
ment is displayed one after another. Or die programmer important information enter the system they intend to use,
the lines can be dumped to the printer needed to test a program's accuracy as since 1300 decimal and 1300 hexadeci
instead. In fact, output from all of Gnome well as detect difticult-to-catch program mal are worlds apart But many would-be
Kits commands can be redirected to the ming bugs. Again, this information can be prognimmers who have been baffled by
printer, disk drive or any other connect redirected to die printer if need be. the requirement of using the initially
ed device. This allows you to store data The merge command lets you merge confusing hexadecimal system will be
on disk. However; most users will prefer programs stored on disk widi diose in delighted widi Gnome Kit's option.
the printout option. memory. This merge does not require One of the machine -language moni
Even the renumber command goes diat die lines of the disk program be tor's nicest features is die ability to as
beyond BASIC 7.0. You can renumber higher dian diose of die one in memory semble text directly into memory. You
the entire program, selected blocks of as is true with most merge aids. In tact, can easily store data or messages in
lines, or restructure die program. This the lines can mix regardless of their memory, where it can be recalled in
restructuring option lets the program numbers, but if two duplicate line num stantly by a machine-language l<x>p. Oth-
mer logically arrange subroutines for ci bers exist in bodi programs, die disk- er powerful aids include machine-lan
ther more clarity or increased speed. stored program line will replace the guage versions of trace, find, insert and
What this means is that a subroutine memory line number. delete blocks of memory, compare
which is buried somewhere deep in a The merge command's power is ex blocks (128 version only), and block
program can be renumbered and re panded by Gnome Kit's unique save copy as well as die standard assemble
structured to appear near the start of the command. The save command works on and disassemble options.
program so it will be executed faster. diree unique levels: straight save (save all Perhaps die most curious thing about
When the subroutine block is moved to of the BASIC program); memory location Gnome Kit is diat die assembler is di
its new location, all the reference lines in save (save data in specific memory loca rectly accessible from BASIC. This means
the rest of the program are automatically tions normally for graphics or machine- you can simultaneously work on botli a
redirected to the* new location. language programs); and block save. The BASK" and machine-language program.
The trace command lets you inspect block save, combined with merge, gives In fact, you can have die monitor disas
each program line as it is executed. die programmer a powerful construction semble and alter your BASIC program
Gnome Kit's version of trace displays tool. The block save saves a specific- while the program lines are still dis
each program line (not just line num block of lines (title screen, subroutine) to played on die screen.
bers) as it is being executed. The com disk. Then using merge, you are able to Hie final feauire of Gnome Kit is die
mand works similarly to die walk com quickly construct new programs using disk memory facility. It must be loaded
mand of a machine-language monitor die same routines and line numbers. Any separately into die computer's memory

(you can slowly walk through the pro programmer will appreciate the time and will have limited usefulness for most
gram by pressing the RETl 'R\ key). saved by dils error-free transfer as well as prognimmers. But for diose read}' to go
Another plus is the ability to execute the consistency it gives programs. one-on-one with the drive's micro
the trace either from a coldstart (reset all Gnome Kit's assembler/disassembler is processor, who want to create dieir own

variables) or wannstart (preserve ;ill vari similar to the 128's built-in machine- personalized operating system, or who
able values). In fact, the trace command monitor. Both are fine for assembling just need direct access to a specific loca
includes an option to display each varia small machine-language programs or tion on a disk, this was written for diem.
ble's changing value as it is encountered subroutines to be activated from BASIC, The two immediate low-level aids it
in die traced line. This display supplies but neither contain die powerful control Continued on pg, 1/5

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 39
 SOFTWARE REVIEWS UKVIIAX ED I5Y MARK COTONE

Buyer's Guide
to Mastertronic
Computer: Commotion; 64
Publisher: Mastertronic
7311B Grove Road
Frederick, MI) 21701
Medium: Disk

Wetting someone's intention is one

tiling, but holding it is another. Many bar
gain brand software companies have
been able to attract initial crowds with
their products' low prices, but it seems
few have been able to flourish. Master
tronic is an exception. Affordability
might be an effective lure, but in addition
to this. Mastertronic provides colorful ac
tion-packed excitement. Here arc high
lights of some of the company's most
recent programs. The plot has enough monsters,
fans of our national pastime will be-
sure to enjoy Slugger, an arcade simula
mazes, perils and puzzles to quicken
tion that interlaces the familiar video
baseball contest with some new wrin
the pulse of even the most seasoned
kles. Viewed from die cheap seats up adventurer.
high behind home plate, the field unfolds
in 3-D splendor, complete with cheering
fans, waving pennants and a detailed sky
scraper background. In addition to multi where two rival squads run. dribble, pass this contest is sure to trim your fm. Jack
ple pitch selection. Stealing pick-oil's and and check their way across a scrolling pot brings home the notorious one-
shifting outfielders, players can also grass rink, improvising wave after wave armed bandit, presenting a four-window
choose uniform color, betwecn-inning of assaults on die oppositions goalkeep slot machine complete with nudge and
cheerleaders, three different swing er. It also simulates the penalty Shootout, shuffle features. Both games make you
speeds, and a giant center-field video a head-to-head duel between shooter realize how easy it is to loose a fortune.
screen. and goalie that has long been soccer's In Wastcrmmic's Master ofMagic, die
The center-field video screen displays most intense moment. stakes are a bit different in this role-play
a field level side-view of the ongoing duel The match consists of five shots for ing fantasy, you must traverse :in unend
between pitcher and batter This vantage each player, who alternate between of ing series of underworld dangers in your
lets the hitter more accurately judge the fense and defense. Viewed from die kick search for die mystical Ixjst Amulet of
flight of the ball as it approaches the er's vantage, this athletic guessing game Immortality. The plot has enough mon
plate, helping him pick his swings. It's a will take a combination of reflexes, intu sters, mazes, perils and puzzles to quick
clever touch that adds strategy. ition and acrobatics to keep the ball from en die pulse of even die most seasoned
All die action is controlled by a few tugging the twine. And even if me ten adventurer.
joystick tugs, and the game can be played sion tightens your vocal chords, the Hut what really makes diis program
against friend or computer foe. computer will be sure to lend the crisp unique is die tiered game screen. The
Representing a more contemporary cry of success: "He scores!" play field has been divided into three
sport is Mastcrtronic's Five A Side Sweet; If team sports aren't your ticket, per horizontal sections, each responsible for
a fast and furious computerized version haps you would prefer to Like a gamble relaying different pieces of vital informa
of indoor soccer designed by Ken Grant with las Vegas Video Poker andjaekpot, tion. The top level serves two functions.
Some might remember Mr. Grant from an addictive disk containing accurate On the right-hand side is an all-text run
his two Artworx hockey contests. Skip versions of both these casino coin gob down of die action as it transpires; a con
Shot and International Hockey. blers. Video Ihiker tests your luck at clas tinuous updating of where you are, who
The program offers two different ways sic five-card draw, reproducing die Vegas or what you are with, and how it all af-
for players to get their kicks. The first is a video machine right down to die coin fects your well-being
full-fledged, ten-minute soccer match. slot. If vou fancy vourscif a card shark, The left halfgives you a scrolling o\-er-

40 MARCH :87
SOFTWARE REVIEWS
head view of your surrogate as he search Starts. And I'm sure even tiie seasoned
es his cavernous confines for clues to the pro must have at least a couple of thorns
treasure. He carries with him an every By disabling the in his or her side.
day hand-held flashlight, using its limited By pressing a button, this device can
programming device
beam to scour the surroundings, When be turned on and oft" during play. When
ever a creature, prize or obstacle crosses called "sprite collision the impossible Impass presents itself,
this path oflight, it is then depicted in de click on the protective shield, walk
tailed first-person perspective on the detector/' Infinity through undaunted and unscathed, and
game screens bottom section. It is a star
Machine makes your on then proceed as usual. Immortality is at
tling transition, as a virtually indistin hand on your Commodore 64.
guishable blob you have viewed from screen counterpart It should be noted that this cartridge
above is suddenly given life. These added will not work on an)' game that does not
graphics give the game .some much-ap
virtually invincible. use "sprite collision detection." Experi
preciated visual substance. mentation is just about tiie only way to
Running across the center of the dis Hating contest that always leaves you check if Infinity Machine will kick in on
play is an options menu, where you use pulling hairs and gnawing joysticks. Fear any particular program. My success rate
your joystick to choose what action you not, for you shall no longer be a slave to has been around SO percent.
would like to take (run. look, pick up). that program. Assistance has arrived It's IVc overcome a heap of my old video
The setup works well, creating and in called Infinity Machine for the Commo stumbling blocks (including my main
volving a constantly changing play field dore 64, and chances are it will help you nemesis, Kpyx's aptly-named Impossible
mat's busy hut never overwhelming, This to not only beat your gaming nemesis. Mission). and chances are this accessory
is one ofthe first in a series ofactionadven but to do so with regularity. And all with will soon become your closest ally. And
tures using this on-screen arrangement out breaking a sweat with its reasonable price ($24.99), re
The arcade-style contest has always This revolutionary new accessory is an venge has never been sweeter.
been Mastcrtronic's forte, and it is here Ordinary looking cartridge that lits into
that we make the final stop of our tour to the Commodore 6-i's game or expansion Two-on-One Series
Ux)k at Speed King, a new high-speed port. But what it does is simply amazing What could be better than picking up a
motorcycle racing contest. Snap your By disabling the programming device Mastertronic program for under ten dol
chin-Strap, slip into your gloves and get called "sprite collision detection"—the lars? Why, picking up Iwo Mastertronic
ready for a ride. Following your bike at a part of the program that recognizes your programs for under ten dollars, of
low-level behind-the-vehicle perspective character's fatal contact with a missile, course!
popularized by other racing contests, obstacle or foe—it makes your < in-scrcen Just when you're convinced that their
you must throttle through your gears. counterpart virtually invincible. A sword $9.99 price break is the greatest enter
lean into the turns, and try to avoid those to the head, a laser to the hull, and a vast tainment package around. Mastertronic
inevitable collisions to finish among 20. majority of other attacks and pitfalls that releases what they've tagged die Two-on-
Reaching speeds of 250 mph. die on- in the past would have signaled death. One software series, a group of single
rushing visuals will have you gripping are now rendered harmless, as if the play disk packages mat contain not one, but
your joystick for balance. A thorough op er had been placed behind a protective two different arcade programs. The
tions menu lets you modify any race to shield Victory becomes a matter of time. price? Get this—S5.99!
best suit your style. Ten world-famous "Dirt\" pool," you cry, "Games were Mastertronic is marketing this series
circuits are represented and can be test never meant to be played like this!" And under the Gameware label. I recently
ed at three different skill levels with tour on that point, I agree. I would certainly had the chance to Cake a look at the line's
different finishing lap requirements. It's not recommend that this device become initial three offerings, an impressive
an exhilarating test of reflex and strategy a full-time partner in anyone's game plan. group with a heavy arcade slant. The se
that will provide endless hours of two- That would only take the challenge and lections have been paired according to
wheeling excitement. enjoyment out of play. But this is more gaming style, a gesture that tries to insure
With the variety of challenges offered than just a cheater's treasure (and a re that a prospective buyer attracted to one
by Mastertronic, it would almost seem viewer's dream ). Infinity Machine does contest will more than likely be interest
certain that this is one company that is have its legitimate uses. ed in tiie other.
sure to have something to satisfy every For die youngster, this tool can open lor fans of the jump-and-climb chal
one. But you don't have to go by my the door to a whole new library of soft lenge. Gameware presents Excaliba and
opinion, or anyone else's for that matter. ware—programs that had originally been iiig Mac. two solid and enjoyable reflex
With the price tag of S9.99 each, these purchased for the- adult members of the tests. In Excaliba you are cast as a fear
games are a bargain, Just go and find out family. Even if a large chunk of the chal less knight who must attempt to clear a

for yourself. What have you got to lose? lenge is all but erased from play, it still al multi-level screen of assorted relics,
lows tiie junior audience to participate. while avoiding the fatal touch of an evil
The Infinity Machine For the players uninitiated to a specific wizard and his merciless minions. Quick
Okay arcade aficionados, it's time tor re game or game type, Infinity Machine is thinking and quicker running will spell
venge. Give me the name of the one an ideal orientation aid, letting the new victory as you sprint up, down and
Commodore game that consistently comer get tiie feel of a difficult contest around a variety of play fields. The occa-
gives you fits—that one particularly frus- without constant play stoppages and re- Continued on pg //5

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 41
 Monitor Sale
14" RGB & COMPOSITE COLOR MONITOR
Three monitors in one! Allows the use of C-128 and C64 computer modes
-composite and 80 column RGB mode. Must be used to get 80 Columns in color
with 80 column computers. Specially designed for use wtih the Cl 28's special
composite video output, plus green screen only option switch. (Add $14.50
shipping and handling)

SALE
List $399
Supor High Resolution

12" 35MHz GREEN OR AMBER MONITOR

This new 80 column, 1000 lines at center, high resolution display monitor is
precision engineered to give you the best high resolution screen possible. The
35 MHz Bandwidth allows use with IBM® and Apple® computers. The
comosite screen is non-glare which makes it easier to read by reducing eye
strain. Monitors come in green or amber color screens. Fantastic for business!

Great for IBM®, Apple®, Laser r SALE $99 00

Atari® & Commodore® Computers List $249

13" COLOR DISPLAY MONITOR

This all-purpose 13" color display monitor accepts an NTSC composite signal
and will work with a wide assortment of today's personal and professional
computers. It generates crisp, easy-to-read alphanumeric or graphic display
through the use of a slotted .nask, black matrix quick start picture tube. This
versatile monitor a'so has a built in audio amplifier and speaker with volume
control, a 1000 character display capacity, and an all plastic cabinet for
portability and easy cleaning. (Add $14.50 for Shipping and Handling)

SALE $ 95* SALE

179 List $329 Premium Quality

TV TUNER CHANGES MONITOR INTO TV

Increase the value of your monitor by turning it into a television when your not
computing! Elegant TV Tuner with dual UHF/VHF selector switches goes
between your computer and monitor. Includes mute, automatic fine tuning
and computer/TV selector switches. Inputs included for 300 ohm, 75 ohm, and
UHF. Can be used with cable TV and VCR's. Fantastic Value. Limited
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lUTCU'tK IIM n.-»IMJ<. ".PI $3.00 shipping and handling. Plus $3.00 for APO/FPO orders.

Fantastic Va3ue SALE $49 95

• CM/Aiari Composite Cable S9.95 • CI28 RGB/ Composite 80 Column Cable$19.95 List $99.95

15 Day Free Trial • 90 Day Immediate Replacement Warranty

• LOWEST PRICES • BEST SERVICE IN U.S.A. • ONE DAY EXPRESS MAIL • FREE CATALOGS •

Add $10.00 (or shipping, handling and insurance. Illinois residents please add
6'/i% tax. Monitors can only bo shipped to Continental U.S. addresses only.
Enclose Cashier Check, Money Order or Personal Check. Allow 14 days for
delivery. 2 to 7 days for phone orders. I doy express mail. Prices S Avoilability
subject to change without notice. No Monitors APO-FPO.
We .Love Our Customers
22292 N. Pepper Rd., Barrington, Illinois 60010
VISA—MASTERCARD—CO. D.
(3 1 2) 382-5244 TO ORDER
C.O.D. ON PHONE ORDERS ONLY
 Famous National lirancl
NLQ 180

Hi-Speed Printer Sale

,180 CPS • Near Letter Quality •
Lifetime Warranty Below
Wholesale

$ | 9900 Cost Prices! !!

Fantastic
List $499.95
Price
60% OFF LIST PRICE

NLQ-180 Premium Quality Printer

Near Letter Quality Selectable From Front
Panel Controls • High Speed Dot Matrix*
Letter Quality Modes • 8K Buffer frees up
computer 4-times faster • Pica, Elite,
Italics, Condensed • Super Graphics •
Business or Personal • Tractor/Friction •
15 Day Free Trial • Lifetime Warranty on
Print Head* • 6 Month Immediate
Replacement Warranty •
NLQ-180 Print Samples
This is an example of ITALICS
Enhanced Boldface
Lifetime Warranty* Condensed Text Double-strike
example of Near Letter Quality

APPLE — ATARI — EPSON NLQ 180 SPECIFICATIONS IBM — COMMODORE — ETC.

Print Buffer
Printing Method Ink Ribbon Cartridge
8K bytes utility buffer
Impact dot matrix Ribbon Life: 3 million characters/cartridge
Printing Direction
Physical Dimensions
Text Mode — Bi-directional Printing Speed
Size: 15" x 12" x 5"
Graphic Mode — Uni-directional 160-180 CPS at standard character printing Weight: 12.7 lbs.
Interface
Printing Characters Maximum Number of Characters
Centronics type parallel (8-bit)
Standard: 10 cpi 80 cpl
Paper Standard 9x9 dot matrix
Standard enlarged: 5 cpi 40 cpl
NLQ 12 x 18 dot matrix (33cps)
Plain paper, Roll paper, Single sheet Elite: 12 cpi 96 cpl
Fanfold, Multipart paper: max. 3 sheets Character size: 2.12 x 2.8 mm (standard) Elite enlarged: 6 cpi 48 cpl
(original plus 2 copies) Character sets: Full ASCII character set (96) Condensed: 17 cpi 132 cpl
Character Fonts 32 International characters Condensed enlarged: 8.5 cpi 66 cpl
Pica, Elite, Italics, Condensed Condensed elite: 20 cpi 160 cpl
INTERFACES
Atari $39.95 Apple $49.95 Commodore $29.95 IBM $49.95 Laser $19.95

Add $10.00 for shipping, handling, and insurance. Illinois residents please odd
6'/j"/. sales tax. Add 20.00 for CANADA. PUERTO RICO. HAWAII. ALASKA,
APO-FPO orders. All orders must be in U.S. Dollar*. WE DO NOT EXPORT TO
OTHER COUNTRIES EXCEPT CANADA. Enclose Cashier Check, Money Order or We Love Our Customers
Personal Check. Allow 14 days for delivery. 2 lo 7 days for phone orders, 1 day
express mail. Prices S Availability subject to change without notice. 22292 N. Pepper Rd., Barrington, Illinois 60010
VISA — MASTER CARD — C.O.D. C.O.D. on phone orders only. 312/381-5344to
 • OUR WARRANTY
All our products carry a minimum 90 day warranty
from the date of purchase. If problems arise,
NTERPRl simply send your product to us via U.P.S. prepaid.
We will IMMEDIATELY send you a replacement at
"The Computer fxpe no charge via U.P.S. prepaid. This warranty proves
once aqain that... \\C [.OW Olir ClhtOimrs!
22292 N. Pepper Rd., Barringron IL 60010

COMMODORE 64c BLUE CHIP COMMODORE 128 1571 DISK DRIVE

DISK DRIVE

Includes the GEOS program.

sales 159.95 sales 289.00 sale $259.95

List $349

BIG BLUE PRINTER PRINTER & 13" COLOR TV TUNER

TYPEWRITER MONITOR
COMBINATION Now switch your computer
monitor into a television set with
Superb Silver Reed letter quality
the flick of a switch.This Tuner
daisy wheel printer/typewriter,
has dual UHF/VHF selector
just a flick of the switch to
switches, mute, automatic fine
This is the affordable printer interchange. Extra large carriage
tuning and computer/TV
you've waited for! 8'/i" letter typewriter keyboard, automatic
selector switches. Hooks up
size, 80 column dot matrix, heat margin control, compact,
between your computer and
transfer printer features upper lightweight, drop in cassette High Resolution, 1000 character monitor! Inputs included for 300
and lower case, underline,
ribbon! Includes Centronics display, with built in audio
graphics, word processing, and ohm, 75 ohm, and UHF.
Parrallel Interface speaker with volume control.
much more.

sales 39.95 SALE $179 05 sale$ 49.95

List SI30

160-180 CPS COMSTAR 1000 12" 80 COLUMN 14" RGB &

N.L.Q. 180 PRINTER MONITOR COMPOSITE
PRINTER COLOR MONITOR
This printer has a Near Letter
Quality button on the front panel.
| No more turning the printer on and
off. The 8K buffer will free up
your computer four times faster
than conventional printers and ihe
high speed will keep you Print letters, documents, ect., at
100 cps. Works in Near Letter
computing more than printing.
Super graphics along with Pica, Quality mode. Features are dot
| Elite, Italics, and Condensed print. addressable graphics, adjustable High Resolution amber or green
High Resolution, 80 column
tractor and friction feed, margin screen monitor. 80 col. x 1000
Lifetime Warranty on Print Head Monitor. Switch from RGB to
plus 6 month immediate settings, pica, elite, condensed, lines at center. Non-glare screen.
Composite. (C128 - IBM -Apple)
replacement warranty. I italics, super/subscript, underline Works terrific with IBM, Apple
RGB cable $19.95. Add $14.50
|& more. CBM Interface Included and Laser business computers.
shipping.
SALES 99 Q0
sales 237.00
List $499 List S349 List $129
List $399

MasterCard TO ORDER CALL (312) 382-5244

VISA
8 am - 8 pm CST Weekdays / 9 am - 12 noon CST Saturdays
 BEST SERVICE IN THE USA • ONE
DAY EXPRESS MAIL • 15 DAY FREE
TRIAL • VOLUME DISCOUNTS •
OVER 500 PROGRAMS •
(312} 382-5244
CUSTOMER LIST OF OVER CALL BEFORE YOU ORDER: PRICES MAY BE>
3,000,000 - LARGEST IN THE USA LOWER & WE OFFER SPECIAL SYSTEM DEALS

1
MUSICAL KEYBOARD^ 1200 BAUD MODEM 1 ACTION PACK (D)
ACCESS

S19.95 SUPER HUEY II (D).

This sturdy 40 key professional I
guage spring loaded keyboard
Save time and money with this 1 LEADER BOARD (D)
LEADER BOARD COURSES (D)... 13.99
13.95 TALLADEOA (D) IMS I
BEYOND FORBIDDEN FOREST (D)lt.95
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gives the feel and response of a I MACH 5 (O 19.95

real keyboard instrument.

features you expect a modem to 1 MACH 128 (O B.95
have plus 4 times the speed! TENTH FRAME (D) 13.95
(Conductor software required) 1
sale $69 oo sale $79 951 —t»MMe^t«^M
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from keyboard, capture and ELITE 64 (D) MJS
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display high resolution MR. TESTER (D)
BATTLE OF BRITAIN/MIDWAY (D) MS
characters, and much more. PRINTERS LIB. I (D) SV.0 JiMA 1:AIJLKLANIS (D) MS
PRINTERS LIB. 2 (D) MS I TALKING TEACHER (D) HM
sale $9 95* sale $29.95 DATABASE MGR./PLUS - C128 (D).... 14.95
TASK FORCE (D) 4.95

HI TECH EXPRESSIONS
List $19.95 List $99
BRODERBUND
CARD WARE (D)
PRINT SHOP [D) fiS.«5| HEART WARE (D) 9.95
GRAPHICS UB. 1.2 or! (D) UK PARTY WARE<D) MS

SINGLE SIDED DOUBLE DENSITY DISKS COMPANION (D)

TOY SHOP (D)
IMS
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WARE WITH ALL KIT (D)
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9.95
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100* Certified 5'/*' floppy disks. lifetime
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Warranty. 1 Box of 100 $29.00 List $1.99 each
SUB LOGIC
ELECTRONIC ARTS
FLIGHT SIMULATOR II (D) S31.95
HEART OF AFRICA (D) H.95 I JET <D) 25M

SPKCIAL BONUS COUPON ONE ON ONE (D) 9.95 FOOTBALL (D) ».95
PINBALL CONTRUCTION (D) 9.95 BASEBALL (D) 31.95
MUSIC CONSTRUCTION (D) 9.95
RACING DESTRUCTION (D) 9.95
We pack a special software discount coupon with every MARBLE MADNESS (D) 12.95
Computer, Disk Drive, Printer, or Monitor we sell! This coupon CHESSMASTER (D) H.95
BATTLEFRONT (D) 15.95
allows you to SAVE OVER $250 off sale prices! LORDS OF CONQUEST (D) ZX.95 | ROADWAR 2000 (D) S23.95
BATTLE OF ANTIETAM (D) 31.95
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(EXAMPLES) DATA SOFT
MECH BRIGADE (D) 31.95
NAM (D) 23.95
Name List Sale Coupon U.S.A.A.F. (D) 32.95
221 B BAKER STREET (D)
B. 1. Homepak $49.95 $19.95 SI 7.95 XAMPFGRUPPE (D) 32-93
MERCENARY (D)
WAR SHIP (D) 32.95 |
Super Hucy II $19.95 $12.95 SI 1.95 NEVER ENDING STORY <D) 17.1
Flight Control Joystick 519.95 $12.95 S10.00 MIND PURSUIT (D) 17.*
Newsroom $49.95 $32.95 S29.95 VIDEO TITLE SHOP (D) 17.1
$23.95 S22.95 THEATRE EUROPE (D) SOFTSYNC
Leader Board $39.95
TV Tuner $99.95 $49.95 S39.9S ACCOUNTANT, INC. C128 (D).... SS9.1
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Create with Garfield $29.95 S16.95 S14.95 KID PRO QUO (D) 19.1
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World Games $39.95 $24.95 S22.95 STATES AND TRAITS (D) ....n.W| —mam
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C128 Partner $69.95 S49.95 544.95 ■■■S3
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Robotics Workshop $149.95 $124.93 SI 14.95
C128 Programmers Reference Guide $21.95 $12.95 59.95 DELTA DRAWING (Q ».!
SARGON II (D) ».95| NUMBER TUMBLERS (Q f,'
SAT VERBAL (D) 14.95 ' SEA SPELLER (Q fc!
(Sec over 100 coupon items in our catalog.) SAT MATH (D) 14.95 UP & ADD'EM (Q •.(

Add $3.00 ($10.00 for hardware) lor ihipping, handling, and injurant. Illinois resident* please odd 6% % sales tax. Add $6.00 ($20.00 for hardware) for CANADA,
PUERTO RICO, HAWAII, ALASKA. APO-FPO order*. All order* must be In U.S. Dollan. WE DO NOT EXPORT TO OTHER COUNTRIES EXCEPT CANADA. Enclose Ca«hl*r
Chock. Mon«y Order or Personal Crwck. Allow 14 dayt
y for delivery,
y 2 to 7 doy»
y for p
phone order*, 1 day y express
p mall. Prices 8, Availability
y subject to change without

notlc*- d ■hipping
h prices vary according to weight.
h Please
Pl call
ll for
f amount. No
N APO-FPO
APOFPO forf Mi
Monitors. ^ q d
VISA-MASTER CARD-C O D
 Hints for Fun and Utility
COMIMUID BY LOUIS F. SANDER

month, we bringyou a super collection ofcomput Quantum I ink's MISS CHRIS and BILL PI, and other notables
er bints fmm readers all over the world M? matter what like Commodore's Jim Gracely. All in all, attending that con
your area ofinterest or level of expertise, you'll find some vention was one of the most exciting things I've ever done,
thing to make your computer life mom productive, more and I recommend such shows highly to everyone.
interesting or more exciting. To keep the columnflowing Becky Cassell
ive solicityour shortprograms, useful programming tech Glendale, California
niques, computer room hints and similar items of interest,
and we pay up to $50 for the items we select. We look for
new or recycled material that can be implemented with a
minimum of time, effort and theoretical knowledge, and Label printer: The gummed labels with tractor-feed holes
that is of current value to Commodore computcrists of ev are useful for more than mailing lists. Printed as singles, they
er}1 kind Ifyou have an item that fits the bill, send it to: make [deal address labels for packages you send through the
Louis F. Sander mail. Printed as multiples with your own address, they make
PO. Box 101011 great return address labels. Multiple identical labels also
Pittsburgh, PA 15237 come in handy if you send numerous letters to die same per
If you enclose a self addressed stamped envelope, we'll send son. I keep a large supply of pre-addresscd labels on hand:
you our ht'nt-wn'ter's guide. Readers outside the US may some with my own return address, some with the address of
omit the stamp. this magazine, and some with my son's college address.
The accompanying short program Ls optimized tor print
ing a single address repeatedly on 15/16" x 3 Vz" labels, and is
better tor that purpose than any word processor. Because it
Learning about computing: One of the best ways to in uses upper- and lower-case letters, before typing it in. put
crease* your computer knowledge is to go to meetings and your computer into upper/lower case mode by simulta
conventions where there ;ire other people with interests neously pressing SHIFT and die Commodore key.
similar to yours. Most cities have at least one Commodore To use the program, put die desired address in the six
user group, and attending their meetings can put you in DATA lines numbered 301-306. If your address is shorter
touch with some valuable computer friends. dian six lines, as most of diem are. put spaces or null strings
Even more beneficial are the large Commodore conven into die unused DATA lines. When you run die program, it
tions conducted by such groups as the West Coast Commo shows you die label it intends to print, giving you a chance to
dore Association. Manufacturers, publishers and software correct any errors. Then it prints a dummy label (die num
houses exhibit at these shows, and at their booths you can bers 1-6) to help you align your paper. Finally, it prints any
see their latest products and talk with people who are really number of labels you ask.
in the know. Usually there are educational lectures as well, 1 beep several copies of die program on one disk, each
where you can learn about specific topics that interest you, with one of die addresses I use in my "stock" printed labels.
and ask questions that only the experts can answer. Then when I need more labels. I load the appropriate pro
One of the best parts of these shows is the chance to meet gram and make diem. To make a one-of-a-kind label. I load
die people whose work you've seen in print or on-line. At one of die programs, change die DATA statements, then run
one show, I got to speak with Louis F. Sander. Jim Butterfield, die program.
Len Undsay, Louis Wallace and several others whose articles Louis F, Sander
and programs I've loved. 1 also met on-line personalities like Pittsbwgh, Pennsylvania

46 MARCH'87
Continued on pg. 48
TO THE VICTOR

DEFENDER OF THE CROWN

NOW FLAYING AT A SOFTWARE DEALER NEAR YOU
 Continuedfrom pg. 46

Double-spaced listings: When printing program listings on

Label Printer
your printer, it's often desirable to print them double-spaced.
100 PRINT"[CLEAR,RVS,SPACE4,SHFT L] The extra white spaee makes it easier to Ibllow the program
ABEL [SHFT P]RINTER - [SHFT L] and provides a place for notes and changes.
OUIS [SHFT F]. [SHFT S]ANDER You can easily get these double-spaced listings by giving
[SPACE5]" your printer file a number higher than 12". For example,
110 PRINT CHRS(14);"[DOWN,SHFT T] OPEN 128,4 : CMDL2H : USTwill produce a double-spaced
HIS PRINTS ANY NUMBER OF THESE listing on die printer. When the printing has stopped, reset
LABELS:" the printer by executing PRII\T#12H : CI.OSH12K.
120 FOR J=l TO 35:PRINT"[CMDR 0]";
Anna Mae Hertzler
:NEXT:PRINT
Born ton Beacb, Florida
130 FOR J=l TO 6:READ AS(J)
:PRINT AS(J):NEXT Printer DIP switches: Ifyou use a non-Commodore printer
140 FOR J=l TO 35:PRINT"[CMDR U]"; and interface widi your system, l"x>di those units air likely to
:NEXT:PRINT have several tiny switches diat must be set properly for ev
150 INPUT"[SHFT IJS THAT THE RIGHT
erything to work right. They're called DIP switches (after the
LABEL (Y OR N)";A$:IF LEFT$(AS,
integrated circuit Dual Inline Package standard that their size
1)="Y"THEN 180
and contacts conform to), and you can set them with a pen
160 PRINT"[DOWN,SHFT C]
point or other similar instrument. Because DIP switches are
ORRECT THESE LINES, THEN [SHFT R,
so important, sonic words of explanation are in order.
SHFT U,SHFT N] AGAIN."
DFP switches configure your equipment for different types
170 LIST 301-:GOTO 260
of operation by determining things such as number of char
180 PRINT"[DOWN,SHFT A]LIGN LABELS,
acters per inch, number of spaces skipped between lines, and
TURN PRINTER ON, THEN"
so on. The switch settings almost always have their effect
190 PRINT"PRESS <RETURN> TO TEST
when power is first applied to die printer or interlace, SO if
ALIGNMENT..."
you change diem you must turn things off and back on be
200 GET AS:IF ASOCHRS (13 ) THEN 200
210 OPEN 4,4,7:FOR J=l TO 6:PRINT#4,J
fore die changes take effect. And almost always, die DIP

:NEXT switches merely establish defaults; software commands can

220 INPUT"[DOWN,SHFT I] change die parameters they control. Such commands are
S PRINT ALIGNMENT [SHFT O,SHFT K] usually given by sending special control characters or escape-
(Y OR N)";A$ sequences to die printer.
230 IF LEFT$(A$,1)<>"y"THEN PRINT" Many printing irregularities are the fault of improper DIP
[DOWN,SHFT R]EALIGN LABELS, THEN switch settings. These settings are always covered in the in
[SHFT R,SHFT U,SHFT N] AGAIN. struction manual, but arc seldom explained in detail. I sually
[DOWN]":GOTO 260 diere is a simple chart widi very brief descriptions of each
240 INPUT"[DOWN,SHFT H] setting. To use your system effectively, you should have per
OW MANY LABELS TO PRINT";N fect understanding of tfiese settings. If you cant understand
250 FOR J=l TO N:FOR K=l TO 6 diem, show your manual to a friend who's knowledgable.
:PRINT#4,A$(K):NEXT:NEXT If bodi a printer and an interface arc involved, you must
260 CLOSE 4:END coordinate die settings of the switches on both units. l;or ex
301 DATA" " ample, bodi will frequently have DIP switches with identical
302 DATA"[SHFT L]OUIS [SHFT F].
functions, such as adding a linefeed after a carriage return. 11'
[SHFT SjANDER"
you're not careful, you could get two linefeeds.
303 DATA"[SHFT P]OST [SHFT 0]FFICE
Similarly, you must coordinate your DIP switch settings
[SHFT B]OX 101011"
widi the default settings of the software you're using with the
304 DATA"[SHFT P]ITTSBURGH, [SHFT P,
printer/interface combination. Gelling three spaces between
SHFT A,SPACE2]15237"
lines? Most likely die software, interface and printer are each
305 DATA"[SHFT U].[SHFT S].[SHFT A]."
adding one!
306 DATA1 END
Kathleen Mead
Westennlle, Ohio
Easy printer stand: You can make a very useful printer
Quantumlink file append: During a Q-Iink on-line ses
stand from one of the desk trays sold at office supply houses
and discount stores. Turn the tray upside down, with its sion, I often make several disk saves of incoming information.
Instead of choosing a unique filename for each ofthese saves,
opening tow;ird die rear, and set your printer on top of it.
Your paper will fit in the space between the disk and the top I give die first one a very simple name, such as FILE Bor sub
sequent saves on die same session. I use the filename I:IIJ:A
of the "printer stand" (really the bottom of the desk tray). and
can be fed out of die opening and up die back of die printer. The comma and die A cause die new information to be ap
These trays are available in a wide variety of colors, shapes pended to die end of die previously created file, and 1 can ap
pend as many times as I want to.
and sizes, so you should be able to find one exactly right for
When I later want to review die information I have saved, 1
your needs. The better brands come in letter. legal and data
only need to remember one filename—FILE. I can use my
processing sizes; die data processing size is ideal for wide-car
word processor to edit it or to break it down into different
riage printers.
documents.
Robert L Sander
If you wanted to get fancy, you could use a more descrip-
Saddle Brook, NewJersey

48 MARCH'87 Continued on pg 50
 Spectacular Introductory Offer From RCA...

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David Lee Roth: Eat 'Em And Smile • Goin1

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Crazy, Yankee Rose. etc. Warner Bros.
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Niis. 3 & 5
Robert Palmer: Riptide • Addicted To Love,
Handel
Discipline 01 Love. Hyperactive, title song,
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Higher Love, more. Island 153271 Mountains, Girls 8 Boys, others. Warner/ Never, etc Capitol 144276 On You, etc. RCA 164071
Paisley Park 140234
Tchaikovsky, Symphony No. 6 (Pathetique)
Mozart, Symphonies Nos. 40 & 41 (Jupiter) Horowitz In London • Schumann, Kinder-
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Linda Ronstadt: For Sentimental Reasons,
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THE DREAM Mozart, Requiem • Schreier leads the Leip
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Bob James & David Sanborn: Double
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HOW THE CLUB OPERATES send me the three CDs I've indicated below for only $1, under the terms
You select from hundreds of exciting Compact Discs described in outlined in this ad. I need buy as few as two more CDs at regular Club prices
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the Club's magazine mailed to you 19 times a year. Each issue highlights
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a Featured Selection in your preferred musical division plus alternate se
lections. If you'd like the Featured Selection, do nothing. It will be sent to RUSH ME THESE 3 SELECTIONS: (Indicate By Number)
you automatically. If you'd prefer an alternate selection, or none at all, just
D D
return the card enclosed with each issue of your magazine by the date
specified on the card. You will have at least 10 days to decide, or you may I am most interested in the following type 1 □ CLASSICAL
return your Featured Selection at our expense. Cancel your membership of music—but am always free to Choose from
/crtFT onr K
both categories (check one only) fUHSUri r1UUr\
at any time after completing your membership agreement, simply by writ
ing to us. DMR.
FREE 10-DAY TRIALI □ MRS.
□ MISS First Name Initial Last Name (PLEASE PRINT1
Listen to your 3 introductory selections for a full 10 days. If not satis
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Address
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Unlike other clubs, you're eligible for half-price bonus Telephone (
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CD 28 CD Club, 6550 E. 30th St. Indianapolis. IN 46219-1194

 Continued from pg. 48

live filename, perhaps including the date. HI.E.V15/87 or nectors, cables, switches ;md filters for TV and video connec
QLHLE3/15/87, though more difficult to remember, are tions. The store manager should be willing to make some
much more self-descriptive when seen in a directory. suggestions.

Ranjan Rose Many Menfoorn

Winnipeg. Canada Ross Tbwnship, Pennsylvania

Disk library tips: Most experienced computerists have de Dead C128: If your CI28 behaves as though it is dead,
veloped certain systems and procedures for keeping track of you've likely blown one of die two fuses in die power supply.
their disks Here are some of the better ones I've seen. If die computer doesn't do anything when you turn it on. die
If you can avoid it. never give two disks die same ID. since culprit ma}' he the 4A 125Y fuse inside the power supply. He
some programs can become confused by duplicates. A got*! sure to unplug cverydiing before disassembling the unit, and
system is to assign IDs in a regular alphalx'tical sequence: AA, be careful what you touch—die internal capacitors can hold
AB, AC, AD, and so on. Wherever you keep your disks, if you a pretty sht>cking charge! If you turn on the computer and
also keep a card that shows the IDs you've assigned to date, die drive and printer initialize but nodiing else works, re
you'll easily be able to avoid duplicates. place die 1.6A 250V fuse which is easily accessible from die
Reserving certain disks for certain categories of programs bottom of die power supply.
often makes it easier to find what you're Looking for, Com Al White
mon categories are utilities, sound and music, games, and Lujkin, "texas
word processing files. Note: Opening your power supply voids your warranty.
ftit your niost-frcqucndy-used program first on the disk,
where it can be loaded by LOAD"*".S or a similar command.
Don't try to use all the space on a disk, since you need Division tutor: While there are many programs available to
space to update programs and data. Leaving 50-100 blocks tutor children in simple arithmetic, many of diem do not
free is wonderful insurance against overflow. cover division. After trying to write such a program myself, 1
Keep one or two disks on hand exclusively for use in pro discovered why dils Ls so—it's hard to find numbers whose
gram development. As you work on new programs, save all quotient is an integer.
your intermediate versions to one of these disks. Then when But the solution is simple. Since division is die inverse of
a program is finalized, put it on a different disk and erase all multiplication, have the computer choose two random inte
the previous versions. This saves wear and tear on your good gers and multiply diem together. Then for your division
disks, and lessens the chance that you'll ruin one of them. problem, divide dial product by one of the two original num
Print out each disks directory, and keep die hard copy bers. The accompanying program illustrates diis.
close to die disk itself Sonic people tape it to die disk enve Richard!. I'ix'iixmiy
lope, while others keep it inside die envelope. Use this pro Green Bay Wisconsin
cedure to make the printed directory.
I.OAI)"S",8 <REIXJRN> Division Tutor
OPEN4.4 : CMD-i : IJST <RETl"RN> 2 :
Wait for die printer to finish, then type 100 PRINT11 [CLEAR,DOWN] DIVISION TUTOR
PRINT#4 : CLOSE-i <RETURN> - RICHARD L. EBERHARDY[DOWN]"
Remember, die only Legal abbreviation for PRINT# is P shift :J=RND(-TI)
R. 110 FOR J=l TO 10
Louis /:' Sander 120 A%=10*RND(1)+1:B%=10*RND(1)+1
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania :C%=A%*B%
130 PRINT"[DOWN]WHAT IS";C%;"/";B%;
Screen marking hint: Hie special marking pens made tor :INPUT D

overhead projector transparencies are perfect for making 140 IF D=A%THEN PRINTUCORRECT!":E = E + 1
temporary markings on your CRT screen. Their ink adheres 150 IF DOA%THEN PRINT"WRONG! THE
nicely to the glass and is easily removed widi a damp cloth. ANSWER IS";A%
The Vis-a-Vis7" brand, make by Sanford, is available at any 160 NEXT
170 PRINT"[DOWN]YOU G0T";E;
large office supply store in extra fine, fine and broad points.
"OUT OF 10 RIGHT, OR";E*10;"[LEFT]
lucyS. Tenier
%"
A/ton, Illinois
END

TV interference: Efyou use a TV set either dian a monitor BASIC abbreviations: Your user manual lists short abbrevia
for your video display, you might have trouble with wavy tions for most of die BASIC keywords. Here's a summary of
lines: on your screen. The key to eliminating them lies in die useful information about diem.
cable that connects die computer to the TV. It should be in The abbreviations are nodiing more than a convenient
gtxxi condition and totally shielded if possible. If your TV is way of entering statements from die keyboard. They don't
set up for 300 ohm twin-lead, you should have a 75-300 ohm save memory, even though diey look like they should.
coupler between die terminals and your computer cable. It's In addition to saving keystrokes, their greatest use is in
Often useful to coil die cable and tape it into place. It usually squeezing extra keywords into a screen line. For example,
helps if you take the TV/computer .switch box out of the cir die C64fe screen editor limits line entries to 80 characters: if
cuit, or use some other niediod 10 remove die 'IV antenna you abbreviate keywords, you can get more of diem into die
connection whenever you're computing. line. The principle works on other Commodore computers
Radio Shack and similar stores have a wide array of con us well, whether die screen editor limit is 80 characters or

50 MARCH'87
something different.
When you list a line that includes abbreviated keywords, Businesses Need An Edge!
the computer expands them to their fully spelled form. Tliis
can make die listed line longer than the screen editor's limit, Commodore Computer Owners
but the line will still work perfectly. The thing you can't do is
edit a line longer than the screen editor's limit; if changes to
Have One.. .
such a line are needed, you must enter it again from scratch.
You can avoid having to renpe an abbreviated line, by
making up a dummy line. Number die dummy so it will nev
er be executed, and use a quotation mark as die first charac ^Serial Box=
ter after the line number. Then type your regular program
64 K SERIAL PORT PRINT BUFFER
statements, including abbreviations. Then list die dummy.
which because of die leading quotation mark will include the A SERIAL BOX lets you print one job
abbreviations rather than dieir expansions, and will therefore
while you are working on another.
not exceed the screen editor s limits. Change its line number
to the one you want die actual line to have, delete the lead No Waiting.. .More Computing...
ing quotation mark, then press RKTURN. list die line you've
More Output. . .Good Business.
just entered, and observe that the abbreviations have been
expanded. If you need to edit this line, list die dummy again, ONLY SQQ95(suggested list price)
change the line number and delete die leading quote. Then Price Effective March 1, 1987
edit the rest of die line and press RETURN to enter it. You can dump 15 pages of text in 21/2 minutes
It's easier to work widi abbreviations if die computer is in
GEOS™ COMPATIBLE
upper/lower case mode, since die abbreviations dien wont
Dealer Inquiries Requested.
contain hard-to-read graphics. You can put your machine
into this mode by simultaneously pressing the SHIFT and CALL 1-B0Q-228-7264 FOR ORDERS AND INFORMATION
IN PENNSYLVANIA CALL (215) 622-5495 OR WRITE:
Commodore keys.
The proper abbreviation for PRINT# is P shift R. If you try
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P.O. Box 1077 Havertown, PA 19083
to use ?#, die resulting line will look all right, but will give a
Foreign shipping and handling: Canada/Mexico add S5.00;
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GET# and INPUT#. VISA, MC, Check or Money Orders accepted. C.O.D. add $2.50
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Jonathan Greet
■FONT FACTORY li i font dailgn ulllHy progntn
Tyrone, Pennsylvania □ EOS ii ■ ngtil.nd In P'lcei lubjacl to change without notice.

Abbreviating zero: When a variable is assigned die value

zero, such as in die statement N = 0, you can replace the zero Commodore Compatible
character by a decimal point. The computer will interpret
die decimal point as zero and will evaluate die expression and only-$149.00
Significantly faster dian if you had used die zero,
The trick works in direct mode as well, where it is espe
cially usefi.il in POKE statements. If you want to poke a zero
into location 53281, for example, you can type POKE
53281,.—which is easier to type than POKE 53281,0.
You can use diis trick wherever a zero is needed by itself,
but not when the zero is part of another number, such as
200.
Robot Louis
Saddle Birx>k, NewJersey

Easy RUN: If you have a program in memory, you can am it

very easily by simultaneously pressing die spacebar, SHIFT FSD-1 5V4"Disk Drive
Directly replaces the Commodore 1541 disk drive.
key and question mark key.
The FSD-1 Disk Drive is a versatile and efficient disk drive built for (he Com
Another easy way is to t>pe in any letter or letters (not modore series of personal computers. This disk drive is fully compatible
numbers or other characters), then simultaneously press with the Commodore 64'* computer and directly replaces Ihe Commodore
1541 Disk Drive.
SHIFT and RUN/STOP.
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CONT for endless loops: The CONT statement is usually Heavy duty construction
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used in direct mode to resume program execution after a
Built especially (or C-64 users
STOP or END statement. But it can also be used in a program
to create an endless loop. Whenever your program executes
a CONT, it will hang up until die STOP key is pressed. To Order call toll free
Emerald Component International
Steve Macedo 1-800-356-5178 Dept. STN
541 Willamette Street
Lutb&ville, Maryland Eugene, OR 97401
Continued on pg, 53 Tel. 503-683-1154
 CC/HPLJTIEIR
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Template 1 (Afro/Latin) Slarcross
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Super Expander Time Maneg Your Choice
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Simons Basic
Easy Ft
ch Assisla 22OOEA
Nevada Cobol Toll Speller 36
kvv- Fmar
Jupiter Lander 77 Tctl Infomaster
Easy Flrvinco
Kickman
Seawolf k Microchip
Speed Bingo Math Lesson/Quiz
James Bond
Radar Rat Race Numb* NabtK
Star Wars-Aaffl
Visible Solar S.
QBert Chopper!
Blue Print Type Wri
Popeye
Lazarian Music Ma
Frogger
Omega Race 77
Music Compo
Ffogger !■ eep
Wizard of Wor Gulp! I/Arrow Grap
Le Mans Frenzy/Flip Flop
Comm Stj
Gorf Nexl Letter or Num
Comm S\i Step
Supermash
Picture Bfol Ltr Match More/Less
Strapost
Preschool
Ffogmaster
177 Reading •s Diff. Retro Boll
Star Ranger .
Vocabulary Builder I Hes Mon 64
Satans Hollow Bocabulary Buiider I! Hes Writer 64
[77
Hulk Wordwise-Analogies 6502 Prof. Dev. Sys.
Avenger Turtle Graphics II
Clowns Practicalc 64 Gridrunner Omni Calc
177 77
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77
Number Nabber Practilile . . ..... „.. .
Pet Emulator (Database Manager) Codewrifer US Constitution
Pinball Spectacular Adventure writer Death in the Caribbean
Solar Fox Castle Wolfensfein File writer Heist
77
Tooth Invaders . . . Rescue Squad Dialogue Boulder Dash ... \n
Beyond Castle Wolfenstein Elf
English Space laxi Home Integrator Easy Finance
English Smart Start (Utility) Thriller Series Word Name Machine
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Orders under $100.00 add $4.00 shipping and handling. C.O.D. orders add $4.00.
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Tips &Tricks
Continued from [)}>. 5/

FOR-NEXT hints: The FOR-NEXT loop is one of BASIC'S

COMMODORE^
most useful features. Here are some hints for using it more ef
fectively on Commodore computers.
Commodore Computers
Remember that the Imp variable is initialized before the Commodore computers are the perfect way
loop's end is calculated. You can use this to your benefit, es to enter the world of computers!
pecially when the end value isn't obvious. For example, these
We offer a variety of sophisticated,
two lines are handled identically:
user-friendly computers to choose from.
100 FORJ = 49152 TO 49173: READ K.: POKE JJC: NEXT
110 FORJ = 49152 TO J + 21 : READ K.: POKEJ.K : NEXT
line 110 is easier to type and to understand. Also, if you

COMMODORE
wanted to change die starting point of your pokes, line 100
would require you to recalculate die loop's start and finish.
while with line 110 you'd only recalculate its start.
Your program should never exit a FOR-NE3CT loop with

COMMO
out first completing the loop. If you don't observe this pre
caution, you'll Ix- plagued with mysterious out of memory
errors. I lere are some examples of the wrong and right ways
to terminate a loop.
100 REM WRONG WAY TO QUIT
110 FORJ - 1 TO 10 : IFJ - => THEN GOTO 140
120 PRINT J
130 NEXT J
COMMODORE
140 PRINT "WRONG WAY TO QUIT!"

ODORE
150:
200 REM RICil IT WAY TO QUIT
210 1ORJ=l TO 10:IFJ = 5THENJ=10:(K)TO230
220 PRINT J

CUMM
230 NEXTJ
240 PRINT "RIG! IT WAY TO QUIT!"
Notice (hat when line 140 is executed,.) = 5 and the loop is
still open. Note how line 210 closes the loop by setting the
variable equal to die maximum ltx>p value then executing a
NEXT.
Alter the loop has finished, the value of the variable is
equal to die first value after the loop's end. If the following is
COMMG
executed

COMA*
100 FORJ- 1 TO 5:NEXT
IK) FOR K=6TO 3 STEP—1 : NEXT
120PRINTJ : PRINT K
the printed values for J and K will Ix- 6 and 2. respectively.
Roger Wilcox
Durham, North Carolina

INT hints: Many BASIC statements and functions automati

DORE:
cally perform an INT as an early step in their processing, and
in those cases, an INT in your program may be unnecessary.
Here are some that I've run across in my experiments.
Array Subscripts MID $
CHRS PEEK
DIM
GOSUB
GOTO
POKE
RIGHTS
SPC
DDORE'
u-rrs tab
Also, you can often eliminate the need for an INT by using an
integer variable, as is shown by die following, in which A% is

COMMODORE:
shown to have a value of 3.
100 A% = 10/3
110 PRINT A%
Commodore Business Machines, Inc.
A u.' Grym 1200 Wilson Drive • West Chester, PA 19380
Oxford, England 9
 JIFFIES

Border Patrol
for the Commodore 64

o. tliLs isn't ;i video game involving illegal alieas. The bor

der being patrolled here is the perimeter of your computer
screen. It creates the same illusion of movement you see in
some electrical display signs. You fill the outer edge of the
screen with a character, then change the colors at regular in
tervals to give the impression of movement. Once you've ex-
perimented with this a little, you can remove the INPl.T
prompts, substitute fixed values, and incorporate this into
any BASIC program. It's an easy way to add visual interest to a
title or menu display.
Here are descriptions of the prompts and how the values
entered aftect the display.
SPEED controls how fast the border "moves." More specifi
cally, tile number you enter here is the number of sixtieths of Give your title and menu screens an
a second between "moves." So die prompt, though perfectly
descriptive, is a little misleading—lower "speeds" actually
illusion of movement.
make die border move faster. Acceptable values are in die
range of 1-255. COLOR CODE Jets you enter die colors in sequence. I 'se
SCREEN CODE specifies which character will be used to die same code you would use in a POKE statement to change
form die border. Note that these are screen codes, not ASCII die color of die screen.
codes. Some of the more useful ones are code 81. a filled-in Once Installed, diis program requires no further attention,
circle: 160. a reversed space: 102. a checkerboard pattern, or and die border will move while a BASK; program continues
K.4. die heart to execute. The BASIC program can control die border with
The remaining prompts let you create a sequence of col pokes and peeks; die specific addresses are in the program
ors. This pattern is repeated around the perimeter of die listing.
screen. You can stop the motion with SYS 49155 and start it again
NUMBER OF COLORS is die number of dements in this with SYS 49152. So if you're tired of title and menu screens
scries. You can use die same color more dian once. The that just sit dicre, you can make your programs move, even
maximum value here is 127. while they're standing still! g

Before typing this program, read How to Enter Program" and "How to Use ihc Magazine 3'BAQB
Eniry Program" The BASIC programs in this magazine arc available on disk from Loadsiar. 120 DATA 141,221,192,169,51,141,20,
P.O.Box 30007,ShrCTcpOlt,U "1130-0007,1-800-831-2694. 3'BCYC
130 DATA 169,192,141,21,3,169,1,
141'BBID
Border Patrol 140 DATA 222,192,88,96,120,173,220,
192'BEMF
20 SUM=0:FOR 1=49152 TO 49371:READ J
150 DATA 141,20,3,173,221,192,141,
:P0KE I,J:SUM=SUM+J:NEXT'JGTL 21'BCQF
30 IF SUMO31532 THEN PRINT"ERROR IN 160 DATA 3,88,96,206,222,192,208,
DATA":END'GJWI
88'BBGG
40 INPUTMSPEED";N:POKE 49377,N'CKUE 170 DATA 173,225,192,141,222,192,160
50 INPUT"SCREEN C0DE";N 38'BFFI
:POKE 49378,N'CKIH
180 DATA 173,226,192,153,0,4,32,
60 INPUT"NUMBER OF COLORS";N 188'BBNI
:POKE 49379,N'CKFJ
190 DATA 192,173,224,192,153,0,216,
70 FOR 1=1 TO N:PRINT"COLOR CODE 136'BEEK
NUMBER"!;:INPUT X:P0KE 49379+1,X
200 DATA 16,238,169,39,141,153,192,
:NEXTrISKQ
141'BEOC
80 SYS 49152'BFMF
210 DATA 162,192,169,4,141,154,192,
90 PRINT CHR$(147):END:REM CONTINUE 169'BESD
ANY BASIC PROGRAM FROM HERE'ENNR
220 DATA 216,141,163,192,32,147,192,
100 DATA 76,6,192,76,36,192,120, 169'BFNE
173'BBYA
230 DATA 40,141,153,192,141,162,192,
110 DATA 20,3,141,220,192,173,21,
Continued on j>& 64

54 MARCH 87
 GEOS INFO L
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 JIFFIES 11Y KO1.I- I.. MIU.I-K

Standard Screen
Vertical Bar Charting
for the Commodore 64

Jjar charts are used to graphically display statistics. Al

though bit-mapped plotting otters the best resolution, speed-
wise it Ls more suitable for machine-language programming
Fortunately, the built-in graphics available on the Commo
dore (h make standard screen bar charting relatively easy.
I lorizontaJ displays have the advantage of nearly twice as
many spaces in which to plot a bar's value However, that is
not acceptable in some applications. A stock price chart, for
Use fractional graphics for better
example, requires vertical bars. There are two general tyjx.-s resolution
of vertical bar charts. In one, the bars always have a bottom
value of zero (Figure I). to the other, the bars have both a
bottom and top value (Figure 2). Figure 2 has twice as many bars as Figure 1 because the
character form selected occupies only half a screen column.
Thus, each column can be utilized while still providing a sep
aration between tlie bars. However, it allows only halt-space
vertical resolution whereas the full-column characters in Fig
ure 1 allow eighth-space re-solution. Of course, each column
in Figure 1 could Ix: utilized by producing the bars with dis
tinguishing colors.
Examining the demonstration program, a three-Item menu
selects the chart type. Then the liottom and top values for
each bar are randomly generated and stored in D% army. In
real applications, of course, an input routine would be used.
During tliLs process, the highest top value found is placed in
D%(0). This value is later used to calculate the chart's scale.
A% array is then filled with [he screen codes ofthe charac
ters to be used. Screen codes are used because the plotting
will Ix- accomplished by poking screen memory. The array is
first filled with four codes of the hall-column characters as
shown. (The element reference is in parentheses.)

(0) (1) (2) (3)

If a full-column chart has been selected instead, the array is

refilled with 16 codes, as follows. It is noted that the codes
higher than 12^ are the reverse of those to which 128 has
been added.
As die characters show, a vertical space can ix- resolved by
two or eight, depending on the form selected R is set ac
cordingly. Note (hat element ( 1) or (1) through (7) corre
spondingly represents the appropriate liottom character of
their reference. likewise, (3) or (9) through (IS) hold the
tops and (0 )and (2) or (8) hold the full-space character. Thus,
referencing the array in poking the screen will produce these
characters.
Figure 2
In order for the bars to haw meaning, the display must be
scaled. For die demonstration, die first and last three screen

56 MARCH '87
JIFFIES
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15)

224 228 239 249 226 120 119 99 224 100 111 121 98 248 247 227

lines arc reserved for text. That Leaves 21 lines tor charting, die appropriate array element for die bottom character. After
one of which will lx- die zero line Thus, HV=R*20 sets I!Y it is plotted. R is added to B% and spaces plotted up till B% is
to the highest value that can be plotted without exceeding no longer less dian die factored top value (T% ). Then, 11% is
die top of die chart. set to TV) and the top character determined as was die bot
But, obviously; a bar's value may exceed diat. If so, the val tom, except diat R is added to E to access die top characters
ue each chart line represents will have to Increase, and die in die array.
bars' plotted values equally reduced to keep die perspective The zero line appears on die fourth screen line up from
correct Thus, S% = 1 +D%(oynv sets S% to one plus the die bottom and, to preserve die displayed line values, plot
number of times die highest top value exceeds the highest ting will Ix- calculated from die diird column. A look at die
value diat can Ix- plotted. Then IV = S96'R sets die increment screen memory map in die User's Guide reveals the corre
value of each chart line. The bar values are correspondingly sponding screen address to be 1866.1:roni this, adding 1 will
factored by SV, > during plotting. move die plot one column right and subtracting 4i) will
Now die screen is cleared and top text line printed. Fol move die plot up one line. X'V, keeps track of the column be
lowing diat. die value each line represents is calculated and ing plotted. It starts at 1 and is incremented by I. which is 1
printed with a grid line. (Note die semi-colon following or 2 depending upon die chart selected. Y".i - B96/R calcu
PRINT PS.) lates die line to plot. Thus, die screen address is SA = 1866 —
Then, die plotting ensues. In effect, die bar is drawn by (Y%*40) + X%.
plotting die bottom and top and filling in die space between. Color memory is poked widi DC+CC Both variables are
After all, it is the bottom and top which mark the important 0 and result In black bars unless dual color is selected. Then
points on die chart. I: = h%—(INT{ B'V. K )*R) calculates die DC is 3j which is cyan, and CC is varied between () and 1 to
beginning value of die factored bottom value, leaving B set to
Continued on pg. 99

DO TOO LOOK _
GOOD ON PAPER? good, follow these simple
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The brightest minds are working at Berkeley.
JIFFIES UY KENNETH DENNISTON

Dynamic Error Trap

for the PET, VIC 20, Commodore
64 and 128

A here is no error trapping capability in the BASIC used in

the Commodore PHI". VIC 21) and 64. If the computer en
counters an error in your BASIC program, an error message is
printed on the screen and the program stops. An error trap
ping routine not only allows the program to continue run
ning, but also gives you control over what happens when an
error occurs.
Now you may be thinking, "Wow! What a powerful capa
bility. It's too bad I can't do that on my Commodore." But
now you can have your own BASK; error trapping routine!
YOU may know that it is possible to trick Commodore
computers into thinking that you have typed something on
the keyboard by a technique which is sometimes called the
dynamic keyboard The secret of this technique is the ten-
character keyboard buffer. When a program is running, char Build an error trapping
acters typed on the keyboard are stored in this buffer until
the program ends or they are pulled out by an INPl "for (iKT
capability into your BASIC
statement. However; you can make the computer think that
program.
characters were typed on the keyboard if you poke them into
the buffer. This technique has been used to load programs
and make self-modifying programs. trap routine is disabled tor the input.
We can use this same technique to trap any errors and al If your program uses the GET Statement, you will have to
low the program to continue running. Usting 1 is a short take similar measures to those used for INPl T. The trap must
sample program with the error trapping routines tor the VIC be disabled so that the GET will not get the trap characters
20 and Commodore 64. Listing 2 can be used on the PIT. that arc in the buffer. After die GET. enable the trap with a
Here is how it works. The routine at line 800 sets up the GOSUB 800.
error trap, lliis is done by pokingGOTO900: and a RETURN You might think that a problem could arise from errors in
into the keyboard buffer. The POKE 198.9 tells the 6i that subroutines, since the trap routine executes a GOTO which
there are nine characters in the keyboard buffer. You must leaves the subroutine Without a RETURN statement. How
have a GOSUB 800 at the beginning of your program to en ever, this is not a problem, because the operating system re
able the trap. sets die pointers for subroutines when the error is encoun
Once the trap is enabled, if the program is stopped by an tered. Yet variables are not cleared, so the variables defined in
error the computer will think you typed GOTO900: and the program will not be disturbed. It is possible that the na
pressed RETURN, causing it to go to line 900. The colon alter ture of the error has disturbed your variables, but most errors
the number prevents another syntax error if the GOTO900: should leave them intact.
is printed on the screen on a line with other text. At line 900 To use the error trap in your programs, just include the
you can put whatever you want your program to do when an routines at 800 and 900, and put the GOSl IB 900 and POKE
error occurs. In this case we simply print ERR* )R TRAPPED! 198.0 in the appropriate places.
and go back to line 100. If you have a Commodore 128. forget everything you have
Since the characters in the keyboard buffer are pulled out just read. The 128 has an error trap built into BASIC! Just in
by die INPUT statement, we must be careful how we handle clude this line at die beginning of your program.
IXPIT. There is a sample LNPIT routine beginning at line 10 TRAP 900
700. You will notice the POKE 198,0 in line 700. This clears This will transfer execution to line 900 if an error is encoun
tlie keyboard buffer by telling the computer there are zero tered. At line 900 you can handle errors in the same way as
characters In It (You must also clear the buffer before ending in Usting 1, except you should replace die GOTO with
the program, as in line 140. Otherwise the computer would RESUME 100. The program will RESUME at line 100. The
GOTO 900 instead of exiting the program.) command RESUME NI-XTwill resume execution at die next
After the input statement, we execute a GOSUB 800 to re statement after the statement containing tlie emir.
set the trap. It is a good idea to INPUT a string variable and This way of trapping errors is much more elegant, and cer
men convert it to a number with the YAI. function if you tainly more powerful, but those of us with vintage Commo
want a number. If you use a numeric variable in the INPUT dores can still trap BASIC errors with Dynamic Hrror Trap.
statement, it is possible to get an overflow error while your This routine will add a professional touch to your BASIC pro-
JIFFIES/DYNAMIC ERROR TRAP
grams and solve some of the problems that arise when an
:",X,1)J ■ENHK
undiscovered bug crops up. It is especially useful if you are
820 NEXT'BAEE
writing large programs which will lx- used by other people.
830 POKE 639,13:POKE 198,9:RETURN'DNEJ
One final word of warning. This method trapping will not
899 REM *** TRAP ***'BKSW
work with BASIC compilers like Bill'/., 'lliis is because the 900 PRINT"ERROR TRAPPED!"
compiler will not Ix- able to compile the GOTO900: that you :GOTO 100'CELI
poke into the keylxjiird buffer. Q DO NOT USE MAGAZINE ENTRY PROGRAM
WITH THIS LISTING
Before nping this program, read "How- to Enter Program" and "How to Use the Migizinc
Entry Program." The BASIC programs in this magazine arc available on disk from Loadstar. Listing 2
P.O. Box WXT,Shrevqwrt, IA 7] l.W-OIHT. 1-HOO-HM-269-1.

100 GOSUB 800

Listing 1 110 PRINT"TRAP TESTER"
120 PRINT"INPUT A NUMBER (0 TO QUIT)";
130 GOSUB 700
100 GOSUB 800'BDLV
140 IF N = 0 THEN POKE 158,0:END
110 PRINT "TRAP TESTER"'BAIY
150 THIS LINE GENERATES AN ERR OR!!!
120 PRINT "INPUT A NUMBER {0 TO QUIT)";
699 REM *** INPUT ROUTINE ***
1 BBME
700 POKE 158,0
130 GOSUB 700'BDKY
710 INPUT X$:GOSUB 800
140 IF N=0 THEN POKE 198,0:END'FIBD 720 N=VAL{X$):RETURN
150 THIS LINE GENERATES AN ERR
799 REM *** TRAP SETUP ***
OR! ! ! 'BALH
800 FOR X=l TO 8
699 REM *** INPUT ROUTINE ***'BSOX
810 POKE 622+X,ASC(MID$("GOTO900
700 POKE 198,0'BFXC
t A r Ll )
710 INPUT XS:GOSUB 800rCGUE
820 NEXT
720 N=VAL (XS):RETURN'DGOG 830 POKE 631,13:POKE 158,9:RETURN
799 REM *** TRAP SETUP ***'BPHX 899 REM *** TRAP ***
830 FOR X =1 TO 8'DDBE 900 PRINT"ERROR TRAPPED!":GOTO 100
810 POKE 6 30+X,ASC(MIDS("GOTO900 END

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 JIFFIES liY'l'lM HKOWN

SX-64 Renumber
Utility

JL his utility program enables the SX-64 to renumber an ex

ternal drive attached to the SX-64 and still have the internal
drive remain drive #8. 'ITiis procedure cannot usually be
done. Normal!)' you have to renumber die internal drive and
leave the external drive #8, which can get confusing
This utility program also renumbers bodi drives to an)' Renumber an exte)nal drive
combination you choose, as long as the two numbers are not
the same. The trick is to renumber the internal drive with a attached to the SX-64 and still have
number you do not intend to use at all, temporarily, then re
the internal drive remain drive #8.
number the external drive as desired (8-13)- You are now
free to renumber the internal drive with any number you Or renumber both drives to any
wish except #14 and die number you used on die external
drive.
combination you choose.
This program was designed for die SX-64 to overcome re
numbering handicaps due to die fact mat one drive is built- 1190: Second half of die flash prompt
in. It may be used on any two-drive system, however. No 1200: Erases die prompt
changes will need to be made. You ma)1 wish to change the 1210: Inputs die internal drive number you are going to use.
tide and prompts, though. 1220: Checks to make sure you use numbers between H-13-
After typing in die program, just run it. All you have to do 1230: Initializes die drive (totally harmless).
is follow the prompts. Make sure you save it before miming it 1240: Temporarily renumbers die internal drive to #14.
in case you make a mistake. 1250: First half of die second flash prompt
Here's a description of the program lines. 1300: Inputs die external drive number you are going to
1070: SPS are spaces to dear die printed messages. use.

1110: Screen colors. Can Ix.- changed to your choice. 1310: Checks to make sure you have used numbers 8-13-
1120: CHR S( 1 -i) selects lower-case. 1320: Checks to make sure t*>th drives do not use die same
1130: Reminds you to use only numbers 8-13 for drive number.
number choice. 1330: Renumbers the external drive to the number you
1140: Clears keyboard buffer of any leftover key presses. have chosen.
1150: First half of die Hash prompt. 1350: Renumbers die internal drive from 14 to die number
1160: Time delay tor the flashing prompt. To flash faster, you have chosen.
lower die limit, i.e., for i = 1 to 10 would be very fast 1360: Initializes die drive after you have renumbered it.
1180: Waits for you to press RETURN. 1370: Advises you that die program is completed. Q

1140 POKE 198,0'BFXY

Before typing these programs, read "How lo Kntcr Programs." and "How to Use ihe Magazine 1150 PRINT"[RVS]"TF$EX$'BGQB
Entry Program." The BASIC programs in this magazine are available on disk from Loadstar, 1160 FOR 1=1 TO 150:NEXT
P.O.Box 5000" Shrcvepon. LA "1150-000- 1-800-831-2691.
:REM TIME DELAY'FQKH
1170 PRINT"[DOWN,SPACE6,SHFT P]RESS
SX-64 Renumber [RVS,SHFT R,SHFT E,SHFT T,SHFT U,
SHFT R,SHFT N,RVOFF]"'BANK
1070 SP$ = " [SPACE39] "'BDNG 1180 GET A$:IF A$=CHR$(13)THEN
1080 TF$="[HOME,D0WN5,YELLOW,SHFT T] 1200'FNYH
URN OFF[RVOFF,WHITE]"'BDRG 1190 PRINT"[RVOFF]"TF$£XS
1090 TN$ = "[H0ME,D0WN9,GREEN,SHFT T] :FOR 1=1 TO 150:NEXT
URN ON [RVOFF,WHITE]"'BDIH :G0TO 1150'GSSL
1100 EX$=" EXTERNAL DRIVE"' BDGY 1200 PRINT"[H0ME,D0WN5]"SPS'BDYV
1110 POKE 53281,0:POKE 53280,0'CPLY 1210 INPUT"[HOME,D0WN7,SHFT E]NTER
1120 PRINT CHR$(14)"[CLEAR,D0WN2, [RVS,RED,SHFT I]NTERNAL[RVOFF,
SHFT S,SHFT X]-64 [SHFT I] WHITE] [SHFT D]RIVE # ";IN'BDYG
NTERNAL AND [SHFT E]XTERNAL 1220 IF IN>13 OR IN<8 THEN 1210'FLLC
[SHFT D]RIVE":PRINT"[SHFT R] 1230 OPEN 1,8,15,"I'"BHJA
ENUMBER.";'DGRO 1240 PRINT#1,"M-W"CHR$(119)CHRS(0)
1130 PRINT" [SHFT U]SE #'S 8-13 CHR$(2)CHR$(14+32)CHR$(14+64)
0NLY"'BAJC 1 T A RK
Continued on pf>. 102

60 MARCH '87
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AMIGA UPDATE I1YT1M JONES

A short program demonstrates difficult areas of

AmigaBASIC, offering both tips on confusing areas
AmigaBASIC Tutorial and tticks to make your life easier. Rathe)- than an
articlefollowed by a program, we have combined
Part 2: Menus them for the sake of clarity.

PRINT "selectable. If you try to select a menu 2 item, nothing"

PRINT "will happen. Also, as you select items from menu 1,"
' This file assumes that you understand how screens and windows
PRINT "the appropriate Menultem will have a checkmark placed"
■ are called from AmigaBASIC. If you don't understand those
PRINT "immediately to its left side."
' points, please review part 1 entitled Screens before
' proceeding. Mainline:
ON MENU GOSUB MenuSelection : MENU ON
DefineScreenWindow: SLEEP
GOTO MainLine
TitleS = "MENU Tutorial TIM JONES"
' All that is accomplished by the above routine is to activate the
WINDOW 2,Title$,,7,-l ' menus with the MENU ON command and then wait for the user to
WINDOW OUTPUT 2 ' These calls were covered in part 1 if ' press the menu button on the mouse (the right button). The SLEEP
1 you need help. We are using the ' function just tells the program to do nothing unless it is caught
1 default Workbench screen (saves ' by the user pressing the menu button on the mouse. This makes
' memory!). ' your program more compatible in a multi-tasking situation by
' allowing the Amiga to take care of other tasks until the
InitMenus: ' We define our menus here ' awakening function occurs (in this case, the menu button is
' pressed).
' Menu statements take on the fallowing format
MenuSelection:
' MENU Menu#, ltem#, ActiveLevel#, "String"
MenuSe!% - MENU(O) ' Which menu did the user select (1-4)?
' Where Menu# is the number of the menu (Returned in MENU(0) Menu!tem% - MENU (1) ' Which item in that menu?
' when it is called). ltem# is the menu item that was selected ON MenuSel% GOSUB MenuLQuHMenu ' Note that the 2nd possibility
' (Returned in MENU(l)when the menu button is released). ' doesn't GOSUB anywhere.
' ActiveLevel# (0-2) determines if the menu or particular item ' This is because menu #2 is
' is selectable. If it is 1, it is selectable. 2 indicates ' non-selectable (see
' that it is selectable and has a checkmark to the left of the ' InitMenus) if#2 was used,
' string. If it is a 0, the string is ghosted and is not 'you would put an entry
' selectable, if the menu designator is 0, the entire menu is ' there.
' not selectable. Also, only ActiveLevei's of 0 or 1 are RETURN
' allowed as the menu designator 0 ActiveLevel.
Menul:
' ActiveLevel is referred to as AL in the future.
MENU 1,0,1/Tirst Menu" ' The first menu is active ' This routine resets menu #1 and puts a checkmark to the left of
MENU 1,1,1," First Item" ' the Menuttem that you selected. You MUST do it this way each
MENU 1,2,1," Second item" ' time or AmigaBASIC won't remove the checkmark from any
MENU 1,3,1," Third Item" ' previously checked Item.
MENU 1,4,0," Can't Select it!"
MENU 2,0,0,"Second Menu" ' The second menu is inoctive and MENU OFF
' ghosted.
MENU 2,1,1," Firsf Item" ' Even if the item is otherthan ' Prevents the user from interrupting the update. This turns the
' AL 1, the MAIN AL of the menu is ' menu button on the mouse off. Otherwise, it is possible for
■o. ' the user to interrupt the menu reconstruction.
MENU 2,2,2," Second Item" ' Even the checkmark is ghosted!
MENU 2,3,0," Third Item" LOCATE 6,1
MENU 3,0,1,"Quit Menu" ' This menu gives you the way out. COLOR 3,0:
MENU 3,1,1," Exit to BASIC" PRINT" You selected MENU 1, item #";Menultem% : COLOR 1,0
MENU 4,0,0/'" PRINT CHRS(7); ' BEEP sticks sometimes. CHR$(07) is the ASCII BELL
IF Menultem% = 1 THEN
' Note: If you don't include the menu 4 statement, the BASIC MENU 1,0,1,"First Menu"
' 'Windows' menu stays active. MENU 1,1,2," First Item"
MENU 1,2,1," Second Item"
InfoText: MENU 1,3,1," Third Item"
CLS: COLOR 3,0 MENU 1,4,0," Can't Select iti"
LOCATE 8,1 : PRINTu Press and hold the right mouse button." END IF
PRINT "This will activate the menu strip at the top of the" IF Menultem% = 2 THEN
PRINT "screen. Move the pointer onto the strip to select an" MENU 1,0,1/Tirst Menu"
PRINT "item (just like Workbench). You will notice that menu" MENU 1,1,1," First Item"
PRINT "2 is totally ghosted. This means that it is not"
MENU 1,2,2," Second Item" Continued onpg. 64

62 MARCH '87
 /
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Sony 3VS" DSDD S 25.50 Star SG10C $228.77 CRT Cleaner $ 14.77 Super C Compiler $ 39.90
Sony 3%" SSDD $ 19.50 Super Pascal $ 39.90
Okimate 120 $224.77 C64 Cover $ 6.77
Winners 3Vj" DSDD $ 24.00 T.A.S $ 39.90
Epson LX 80 $239.90 C128 Cover $ 7.77
Epson FX 85 $369.90 Drive Cover ST $ 7.77 Video Basic $ 27.90
SOFTWARE CLOSEOUTS Epson FX 286 $479.90 Printer Head Cleaner $ 7.77 XPER $ 39.90

Zork I $ 4.77
COMMODORE CLOSEOUTS CLOSEOUT MASTERTRONIC
Zork II $ 4.77
Zork III $ 4.77 VIC 1525 Graphics Printer $ 99.90 Koala Pad Last V8 $ 6.49
File Now $ 7,77 MPS 803 Printer $109,90 By Koala Technologies. .$ 39.77 5 A Side $ 6.49
Calc Now $ 7.77 C1600 300 Baud Modem.. $ 37.90 Slugger $ 6.49
$ 7.77 Commodore Plus/4 $ 79.90 Paul Macartney $ 6.49
Bert $ 7.77 BMX Racer $ 6.49
$ 7.77 Sky Jet $ 6.49
Mulliplan $ 29.77 TIMEWORKS Line Action Biker $ 6.49
Triad S 4.77 Skiwriter $ 11.99
Battlezone $ 7,77 Championship Wrestling $ 23.90
Busicalc 3 $ 11.99
Robotron ,. $ 7,77 Sylvia Porter's Word Games $ 23.90
Instant Recall $ 11.99
Rack-Em Up S 6.77 Personal Finance $ 39.90 Supper Cycle $ 23.77 • All 3.. ... S 29.97
Data Manager 128 $ 37.77 Summer Games S 23.90

■
Swiflcalc 128 w/Sideways.. $ 37.77 Summer Games II $ 23.90
ACCESS Wordwriter 128 w/Spell Check S 37.77 Winter Games $ 23,90 ACCOLADE
Partner 128 $ 37.77 Fast Load.. $ 23.90
All Four S149.9O Multiplan $ 39.90 Ace of Aces... . ...$ 18.90
Macfi 5 S 22.50 Dam Busters $ 17.90
Data Manager $ 27.77 World Karate Champ S 17.90
Mach 128 S 29.90 Fight Night $ 17.90
Wordwriter $ 27.77 Worlds Greatest Baseball S 22.90
Leader Board S 23.90 Hardball $ 17.90
SwiftCalc $ 27.77 Koronis Rift $ 22.90
Tournameni Disk. $ 12.90
All Three $139.77 Eidolon $ 22.90 Law of the West $ 17.90

MICROPROSE DIGITAL SOLUTIONS BRODERBUND

Aerojet $ 20.77 Jet $ 25.70 Karateka $ 17.00

Pocket Writer 64 $ 23.77
F15 Strike Eagle $ 19.47 Flight Simulator II $ 31.70 Printshop $ 25.90
Pocket Writer 128 $ 28,77
Conflict in Vietnam $ 19.47 Scenery Disks 1-6 EA. $ 13.70 LIB 1/2/3 $ 14.90
Pocket Planner 64 $ 23.77
Gunship $ 22.77 Scenery Disk 7-12 EA. $ 13.70 Companion $ 24.90
Pocket Planner 128 $ 28.77
Silent Service $ 24.77 Scenery Disks 6 Pack $ 69.70 Bank St. Writer $ 32.90
Pocketnier64 $23.77
Pocket Filer 12 $ 28.77
SPRINGBOARD ■ =■ BATTERIES INCLUDED PRECISION
AMIGA
Certificate Maker $ 29.90 Superbase 64 $ 47.77
Newsroom S 29.00 Consultant $ 35.77 Superscript 64 S 47.77
Clip Art I $ 18.90 Call for Pricing Paperclip $ 35.97 Superbase 128 $ 52.77
Ciip Art II $ 22.00 ...IN STOCK... Paperclip w/Speli S 47.77 Superscript 128 S 52.77

CUSTOMER SERVICE OR IN FLORIDA (305) 538-1364

OSh
FREE FREIGHT ON ALL ORDERS WITHIN CONTINENTAL U.S. OVER S100.00
Orders under S10O.00 add $4.00 shipping and handling. CO.D. orders add $4.00.

1-8OO-233-6345 Prices reflect a 3% cash discount. A.P.O., F.P.O. orders add 6% shipping & handling. Postal orders shipped surface
Add 6°d tor air shipment. Add 3% lor VISA/MC. Florida residents add 5°/o sales lax Personal checks allow 2 weeks for processing.
Prices Subject 10 Changs Without Nolice

ORDERS RECEIVED BEFORE 12:00 PM WILL BE SHIPPED SAME DAY.

JIFFIES/BORDER PATROL AMIGA BASIC TUTORIAL
Continued from pg 54 Continuedfrom pg 62
169'BFFF MENU 1,3,1," Third Item"
240 DATA 4,141,154,192,169,216,141, MENU 1,4,0," Con't Select it!"
163'BEGG END IF
250 DATA 192,32,147,192,160,39,173, IFMenulfem% = 3 THEN

226'BEOH MENU 1,0,1/Tirst Menu'

260 DATA 192,153,192,7,32,188,192,
MENU 1,1.1," First Item"
MENU 1,2,1," Second Item"
173'BDBH
MENU 1,3,2," Third Item"
270 DATA 224,192,153,192,219,136,16,
MENU 14,0," Can't Select it!"
238'BFOJ
END IF
280 DATA 108,220,192,162,23,173,226,
MENU ON ' We're through, so reactivate the menu button.
192'BFDK
RETURN
290 DATA 141,39,4,32,188,192,173,
224'BCSK QuitMenu:
300 DATA 192,141,39,216,173,153,192,
24rBEKD LOCATE 6,1 : PRINT CHRS(7); ' BEEP sticks sometimes!
310 DATA 105,40,141,153,192,141,162, PRINT" You have chosen to return to BASiC."
192'BFUE FOR Delay - 1 to 4500 : NEXT Delay
320 DATA 144,6,238,154,192,238,163, WINDOW CLOSE 2 : SCREEN CLOSE 1 : MENU RESET
192'BESF STOP
330 DATA 202,16,218,96,152,72,138, ' This file is being presented as an aid to prospective
72rBCSF ' AmigaBASIC programmers. 1 am interested in spreading the use
340 DATA 206,223,192,16,9,173,227, ' of language because of its extreme versatility.
192'BDSG
' If you have any comments or corrections, i can be contacted
350 DATA 141,223,192,206,223,192,172,
' through People Link as AmSoft 1.
223'BGXI
' If you like to call Amiga BBS's, 1 can also be reached at:
360 DATA 192,185,228,192,141,224,192,
104'BGKJ
' Winderland BBS (617)-665-3796
370 DATA 170,104,168,96'BOPH
IHD ' ZeilGeist BBS (516)-679-3105 g

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 Electronic
Money
The Art of Banking at Home by Gary V. Fields

Let's face it How many times have you sacrificed lunch hours and endured slow-
moving lines to transfer money from your savings account to your checking
account? That's history. Just as man swapped his saddle atop a horse for the
bucketseat of a sports car, one day you may trade your checkbook for a keyboard.

D rive-in windows were the first attempt to

make banking easier and faster. Automatic bank
make the plunge, here are some important ques
tions to answer.
machines and money access cards were the next. Who Needs Home Banking?
But no matter how you do it, you still have to leave Imagine this: It is Friday afternoon. You need to
your home. This is why home banking is the logi be in Chicago early Monday morning for business.
cal next step. If you think I'm talking about the As the banks close for the weekend, the transmis
future, you're wrong—home banking is here at sion of your car begins to chew metal. The me
affordable prices. The time to discard those paper chanic says he'll work late to fix your car, but he
checks may be at hand. won't extend you credit.
Several banks now offer their customers the op How will you pay the repair bill? You drained
tion of banking via a home computer wired direct your checking account for travelers checks for the
ly to the bank's computer. Once die bank's data business trip, and with the banks closed, you cant
base Is accessed, you can do everything short of get into your savings. If you write the mechanic a
physically touching your money. You can move check, it will bounce, but if you pay him in travel
money from one account to another, check ac er's checks, you won't be able to afford your trip.
count balances, check interest rates, or pay bills. How can you transfer funds from your savings ac
For some customers, this convenience will save count into your checking to cover the overdraw
not only time, but money as well. and still be in Chicago on time?
About three years ago at a news conference held Well, the simplest solution is to break into the
at the University of North Carolina, local bank offi bank and move enough money from your savings
cials released plans to offer home banking to their account into your checking account to cover the
customers. Little notice was made of the an transmission bill. Home banking is die legal way to
nouncement, because after all, not xs many homes do just that.
contained personal computers back then, and if People who can easily justify the expense of
they did, it was assumed that they were more often home banking are business people who can't af
used to keep track ofPacMan than paychecks. But ford to wait for the banks to open to do business.
times have changed, and the "toy" computer has Others who can benefit are handicapped or elderly
been replaced with die "tool" computer. people. And people who don't live near a bank may
Of course, the simple existence of a service find the time and expense to travel to the bank
doesn't necessarily justify your using it. Before you may exceed the cost of home banking.

66 MARCH'87
 Another group who can benefit from
tliLs service are those who write a lot of
checks. This is because the bank will pay
your bills for you. This means that you take funds out of my checking account
save both the time you would spend and pay my bills when die}' come due.
writing and mailing paper checks, plus The only requirement is that I signal
the postage. And even if you don't qualify die transfer of funds five days before die
for free checking, you'll still save about bill is due. This allows die bank time to
40% on each cheek you send electroni Then I was told that the bank's fixed either electronically transfer funds to
cally because most banks charge less to monthly fee tor the first three months cover my bills, or if die company or per
process an electronic debit was waived. This sounded almost too son doesn't have an account with NCNB,
In short, convenience is the primary good to be true. First the bank gives me a die bank must cut a regular paper check
reason for using borne banking. When subscription to CompuServe and si5 to and send it by mail, l love die idea of
you bank at home, you are free to bank spend on CompuServe, then kicks in free someone else writing checks, addressing
when it is convenient for you. regardless banking for three months. Where's the envelopes and licking stamps to pay my
of whether that is three o'clock in the catch, I asked myself. bills instead of me!
afternoon or three o'clock in the morn The catch Is die service. The bank was
ing. The same is true of holidays—home so sure I would love home banking that
banks never close. But the reason I like the\- were willing to risk their own mon Can you imagine a
home banking is that I love a bargain and ey to show it off. I had nothing to lose
bank paying routine
I hate writing checks to pay bills. since the trial run was free. Plus, regard-
lessofwhat I decided, I got CompuServe bills for you postage-free
Signing Up free. How could I refuse?
When I walked into the Asheville Because I was a new user of Compu simply because you
Serve, 1 had to sign on to it before I could
branch of the North Carolina National bank at home instead of
Bank (NCNB) to get details about home access my new NCNB electronic bank
banking, 1 figured I'd be able to sign up ing account. That was pretty simple. showing up in their
and be out in under a half hour. However, After finding the local access number for
I was wrong. my location. I booted up my terminal
lobby?
Instead of being able to sign up at the program, dialed the service and an
local office, all I could get there was ;m swered a few prompts tor tilings like ID Once you have enteretl all die names
application form which had to be sent to number, password, terminal type, and and addresses, you are presented home
NCNB's main office in Charlotte. I was a baud rate- All the information I needed banking's main menu. (The whole ser
little disappointed about this delay, but it was in the package the bank sent. vice is menu-driven and simple to use.
gave me a chance to give the home bank I had been told that I could go directly even Ifyou've never used a computer be
ing demonstration terminal in the bank's to the NCNB section of CompuServe by fore. ) This menu lists six services: Check
lobby a try. As I left the bank. 1 dropped typing GO NCB at any prompt. But once ing. Saving, Bill Payment, Funds Transfer,
my application in a mailbox and went on, I was in no hum1 to rush to the bank. Credit Card, and Customer Service. Mov
home to wait. When I finally got around to typing GO ing between die services is simple since
The wait lasted only six days. On the NCB, the bank's door swung open to all you need do is enter die number pre
Seventh day I had the information I need welcome me in a matter of seconds. But ceding die service and press RETURN.
ed. I silt down with the package and dou before I could do business 1 had to iden 1 called up Checking first. There I was
ble-checked what I needed: a computer, tify myself to the bank's security guard. able to see exactly how much money I
telecommunications software, private First I typed my bank ID number. The had on hand and what my credit reserve
telephone line, modem and a subscrip guard recognized die number and asked was, as well as review die account's activ
tion to CompuServe. Home banking for die password. Misunderstanding, I ity (when the last deposit was made and
could be expensive. I thought. I had con entered my CompuServe password by in what amount, and so on). I need only
sidered subscribing to CompuServe be mistake. Instead of slamming the door in one checking account, but if you have
fore, but the initial log-on fee always my face when I ottered the wrong pass more, the bank can accommodate them
Stopped me short. I was beginning to word, die guard allowed me to try again. just as well.
have second thoughts, On die second try I entered die correct Next I had a look at my savings ac
1 telephoned the bank to check about word and I was in. count. The screen responded with the
the cost of die subscription to Compu The next prompt led me to what I account number, balance data, balance.
Serve, hoping that the}- would tell me diink is die nicest feature of home bank interest earned, mat day's activity; and in
home bankers got some special group ing—free bill paying. You are prompted formation about die most recent activity
rate. I was right, they do—it's free. Well, 1 to enter die names and addresses of cli diere (die check I had deposited that
couldn't complain about that price. And ents, companies, individuals, shops and morning had already been credited).
when I learned (hat die bank would also utilities diat you send checks to regularly As I said before, the Bill Payment Ser
pay my first SI5 in on-line access I entered die name and address of the vice Ls the area 1 appreciate die most.
charges, I was delighted. This home water department, telephone, electric Pressing die number 3 at die main menu
banking deal was beginning to sound and mortgage companies, GMAC and brings up die bill-paying section. There I
very appealing. Sears. Then ! can instruct die bank to was offered five new options: pay bills,

68 MARCH'87
review pending payments, cancel pay account widi NCNB costs only S12 per Home Banking First Aid
ments, review year-to-date payments, or month (after die diree-mondi trial).
call up the Payees Index. The best way I found of reducing the 1. When you first access your bank via
The Payees Index lets me add or cost of home banking Is to let die bank a network, set your baud rate at 300,
change information about the people I pay my bills. Can you imagine that—a even if you have a modem capable of
will have the bank send checks to. The bank paying routine bills tor you (post 1200 baud. 1 suggest this because when
other menu headings offer the informa age free) simply because you bank at you first log on, you'll spend more time
tion and options their names suggest. home instead of showing Lip in dieir lob learning your way around the system
Sensibly, the bill-paying options have by? (Friends have tried to suggest die than actually accessing services. If you
multiple error-prevention safe-guards, so bank was willing to go to dils extreme did this exploring at 1200 baud, you
there is no way to either accidentally simply to keep me out of their lobby, but would spend the SI 5 on-line credit
send a check to the wrong address or I've tried to suppress that thought.) What twice as fast as at 300. Initially, your
send a check for the wrong amount. I found amazing about dils service is diat knowledge of die service, not the sys
The Funds Transfer options can be a it is actually cheaper than paying by tem's speed, will determine how fast you
real lifesavcr if you ever find yourself in a checks. This is possible because a debit get on-and off-line. Liter when you km >w
situation where you need money far an (or check) assigned to your home bank- die system better, switch to 1200 baud
emergency or a bargain. Here you arc- Ing account costs less than a paper and save money.
free to shift money between any of your check. Plus, the bank does all die paper
2, Shop around. Different banks offer
checking or savings accounts until you work and even pays die postage.
different services and different nucs re
have your money distributed where you If you consider your time valuable, gardless of whether die blinking is being
need it. you maj1 be able to justify die cost of
done electronically or across a counter
If you sometimes push your credit home banking simply by die amount of
Just as you might select one bank over
cards to the limit, you'll appreciate the time it saves you. If your time is too valu
anodier because of die minimum deposit
information you can get from the Credit able to waste standing in your bank wait required for free checking or the avail
Card Index. Here you can review the sta ing for your turn, home banking is a ser
ability of free traveler's checks, the same
tus of your credit card accounts as well vice worth considering. For instance, if
is true of on-line banking. Check each
as double-check die credit line each car you earn S12 per hour and spend two
bank's rates and services before opening
ries. While I make it a rule to never pay hours a niondi driving to and from die an account.
interest on a credit card, I do appreciate bank, you are already wasting S24 worth
3-Just as some banks ofter free toasters
die convenience of using my cards, espe of time each month doing your banking.
for opening a new savings account, some-
cially when buying merchandise by And don't forget to add all die hidden
banks offer free items or services for
phone. By reviewing the information costs like gas. parking and postage.
Opening a home banking account. For in
here, I can be sure die purchase I want to I figure die savings I will incur from
stance, Citibank of New York promoted
make won't cause my total for the mondi gas for my car and parking cliarges, com
their version of home banking by offer
to exceed my credit line. (A quick look bined with what I'll save on postage and
ing Commodore users free modems.
can usually quickly convince me that I envelopes (not to mention time) by hav
can't afford something.) 4. If you have doubts about whether
ing die bank pay most of my bills, will
you would really benefit from home
cover the monthly fees. Because the
banking ask the bank for a demonstra
Is Home Banking Affordable? newspaper where I work deposits my
tion. Some banks (NCNB included) have
To accurately reflect die cost of home check direcdy, diere is no reason for me
computers set up in dicir lobby so cus
banking, I divide die cost into two cate to ever go downtown to bank unless I
tomers can test their system,
gories: dollars and time. want to. The only cost I can't quickly bal
1 was surprised by die service's cost. ance is the on-line charges of Compu 5. If you are already a CompuServe
When die products manager at NCNB Serve, which add anodier S4 to S5 to die user, you'll find five banks there where
told me I would be charged S12 per mondily total. So while I couldn't call the you can explore home banking via on

mondi for home banking, plus I would service free, I do consider its cost as dol line demonstrations. They are die Hun-
have to pay $4.25 per hour to Compu lars well spent tington National Bank (GO IINB). North
Serve wliile in die banking section, in ad Carolina National Bank (GO NCB).Shaw-
dition to die charge for each check 1 The costs quoted here were those in ef mut Bank (GO SHW), Southeast Hank
wrote, I was ready to say, "Thanks, but no fect at the writing of this article and are (GO SEB) and I nited American Bank
dianks." And by die same token, consider only applicable to the services offered (GO LAB).
buying a modem and terminal program if by NCNB. The charges and services of 6. If you still have doubts, check with
you don't already' Iiave diem. fered by other banks may differ. the bank's product manager about pro
However, once I got over the financial motional packages. To attract new cus
blast, diings began to look more promis tomers, some banks will actually lei you
ing. Those charges are the maximum try home banking free for several mondis
cliarges possible. Just as minimum bal so you can try the new service without
ances kept in a regular savings account risk. But let me warn you about diesc
can reduce die cost of checking, different "trial rides"—test driving home banking
balances can also reduce die charges of is a lot like trying out a new car—one
home banking. By keeping a minimum of you've experienced die ride, you'll find it
S500 in my regular savings account, my difficult to resist die urge to buy. 3

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 69
 Name
Hunting
in °
America
Exploring the LicensingJungle

by John Jermaine

licensing is Ihe newest game in Commodore software. Who can be the

first to purchase the hottest titles for projects that now exist only on the
drawingboards? G.I. Joe™, Mickey Mouse™ and Godzilla1
have all been immortalized in Commodore pro
grams. How does licensing work? What major
deals have ihllen through at the last
moment? These are just some
of the questions dis
cussed here in part
one of a two-part
look at the
licensing
enomenon.
GXJoe and Barbie™ purchasing the rights to toy tides like place. A couple of times, they've wanted
Epyx did with Barbie, G.I. Joe and Hot to give a character in one of our games u
Meet Godzilla
Bob Botch, Vice President of Market Wheels™. Japanese appearance. Whatever the

ing at Epyx, explains how Epyx has be These are the common forms of li changes are, they must present their case

come one of the top licensing kings. censing that most of us are aware of. But to us and justify the change. We still have
there are others. Epyx has a special li final say on the matter.
Jermaine: What exactly is liceasing? Jermaine: In general, what are the terms
cense agreement with lAicasfilm Games
Botch: A license is merely a written
which allows us to purchase certain pro of a license?
agreement between two parties which
grams written by the group to market Botch: The issues covered in license
allows a company like Epyx to legally use
and advertise under the Epyx label. contracts can vary quite a bit, but two
a famous character or theme in a soft
As you probably know, Epyx software standard elements are found in most of
ware project. Licenses are put togetlier
is sold around the world. We could man them. First of all, each contract contains a
in much the same way that a union nego
ufacture enough material to meet world clause which defines a percentage of
tiates a contract People from both sides
wide demands and send it abroad, but each sale that goes directly to the licen
meet and discuss the issues, and when a
the duties and import tarifls would cut sor. This figure can be almost any amount
bargain is reached, a contract is drawn.
down the profit margin significantly. To of money, depending upon the strength
There are several different forms of li
counter this, Epyx has developed a li of the title. Secondly, the agreement
censing. The most common type of li
censing program which literally sets up states the length of time that the license
cense is known as a character license.
companies in foreign lands to become exists. We usually ask for two years. A
Epyx wanted the name and likeness of
the Epyx of their country. They have the supportive statement establishes a com
Godzilla for The Movie Monster Game,
right to manufacture, advertise and mar mitment where
so we purchased only those rights. Some
ket our products under our guidelines. a minimum
companies acquire the title of a popular He
Jermaine: Has one of Epyx's foreign dis
book or movie and then may go a step
tributors ever needed to alter the soft
further: They obtain the right to pattern
ware to fit that culture?
their program after the plot of that book
Botch: Our representative in Japan
or movie.
has the right to make minor
For example, Spinnaker went so tar as
changes in Epyx software be
to have Michael Crichton write the plot
cause the Japanese market is
of the Amazon grapliic adventure game
so different from ours.
for their Telarium series based upon his
Most of the time they
book by the same title. Datasoft devel
make simple requests,
oped programs based upon the
like wanting to replace
movies The Neverending Story
a color on the package
and The Goonies. And many iP
or title screen and
software houses have li
substitute a bright I
censed and developed
yellow or red in itjHV
arcade games by

\ t

\SA
dZ?

}t

* R
of product sales must he made in the first and older crowd. I'm sure that a title of
year, for the license to continue into the this nature would do well in the form of a
second one.
"Many popular titles video cartridge game, but it just didn't fit
Jermaine: What are die people like who like G.I. Joe and Barbie our image.
negotiate license agreements, and what Jermaine: What can you tell me about
do they expect of you? have distinctive logos we die licensing of God/ilia for The Movie
Botch: The groups handling the license Monster Game!
are expected to duplicate Botch: In the beginning, The Movie
contracts are as different as night and day.
in some cases, they can Ix." very rigid and use toithin the Monster Game was slated to feature a se
when it gets down to what we can and lection of totally original creatures. As
cannot do with their characters or titles. program " the program evolved, however, we found
G.I. Joe was an interesting project be ourselves developing a character which
cause of the "strings" attached to die title. title in question. Sometimes Epyx dads closely resembled Godzilla. Our people
As most ofyou know, tanks are blown up directly widi ;in agent who negotiates had reached a point where they liad to
and planes explode in die G.I. Joe car contracts for many different license make some quick decisions. Would it be
toon series, but no one Is ever seriously properties. At other times, we've had to to our advantage to license Godzilla for
injured or killed. The challenge our de contact the parent company of a title just the game, and if we went dils far, could
signers faced was to create software diat to find out who takes care of negotiating we pick up the rights to other famous
was action-packed yet remain true to die dieir license agreements. movie monsters for die program?
G.I. Joe myth. Believe me, diat was a Whenever we finally approach the Research on the subject revealed mat
tough order to fill. proper people and discuss putting one of Godzilla Ls one of die most popular mov
dieir characters or creations in a comput ie monsters in existence. A new Godzilla
er game, we usually catch them totally by movie was released in 1985, Dr. Pep
surprise. If our people have done enough per7" has produced two commercials
research on die matter at this stage, Epyx featuring die giant lizard, and toy makers
will probably make a proposal. This state continue to manufacture representations
ment oudines what we'd like to do with of the creature. These were all good signs
die character and what we're willing to diat die public was interested in liim.
pay for the privilege. Negotiations for diis license went very
Once in a while, agents approach die well because we were far enough along
software companies with die license to a widi die program to show die Godzilla
hot character or movie title. When diis licensing agent exactly what we wanted
happens, dicy usually submit a product to do with dieir character. Our people
Many popular tides, like G.I. Joe and concept or quote us a solid price for the even liad a sample of the packaging art
Barbie, also have distinctive logos. In license itself. for his inspection. Anodier factor in our
cases like these, we're expected to dupli In any case, contract negotiatioas can favor was the fact diat the agent repre
cate die logo design and use it within our be lengthy and complex, or as simple as
program. In some Instances, certain col saying yes we can do something under
ors must also be incorporated into a diese conditions or no we can't agree to
character or logo. Most of these agents diem.
provide artwork for our inspection, leav Jermaine: Have there been an)- license
ing odier matters to our imagination and agreements diat Epyx had to pass on?
die terms of die agreement. Botch: Two items come to mind right
You never really know what to expect away. We wanted to purchase die rights
when you're negotiating a contract. to die book/movie title Dune for a new
Sometimes a firm will simply ask us to software project We negotiated with an
spell the name of their property correct agent for a couple of weeks, and discov
ly and send them die royalty checks. ered that we didn't need to talk widi him
Jermaine: What Ls die basic sequence of any longer—Atari had purchased the li senting Soho Co. Ltd. had been market
events diat leads to die signing of a li cense for Dune tlirec months before we ing the tide for some time. We came to
cense agreement? had even spoken to our contact. an early agreement without encounter
Botch: All of our licensing projects have And for a long time Ep}^ was very in ing a major stumbling block.
a common origin. Individuals from Epyx terested in The Transformers'", but we
arc constantly looking around for new backed out of buying die license at die
and interesting game topics. Once we last minute. Even diougli all of die major
have an idea in mind, our next step in issues had been settled, we asked for
volves tracking down die owner(s) of die some extra time to look tilings over. Our
additional research uncovered the fact
The Transformers appeals to an audience
12 years-old and younger, while we gear
most of our software to the 12 year-old

72 MARCH '87
Jennaine: We've discussed the positive Just to break even on development
aspects of putting Godzilla into one of costs alone for this imaginary program,
your games. Did you have any negative
"Disney, the masters of we would have to sell 3,418 units at 525
aspects? modern film animation, a package. At Sierra On-line we won't
Botch: Yes, we did Ep\-x was very sensi touch a project unless we can sell at least
tive to the fact that Godzilla lias tradition had difficulty adjusting 15,000 copies per machine, wliich is the
ally been a bad monster. He destroys pri break-even point on all costs.
to the realities ofa
vate property and occasionally eats or Now, if we're developing a program
kills human beings. We were so con 180 x 250 line screen " where a license is Involved, take another
cerned with public's reaction to our pro 10% off the top (sometimes more) for
ject that we tested Tioe Movie Monster royalties which go directly to die owner
Game concept on a group of parents. Jermaine: Can you give me an idea of of the license. The licensing rights to
Some of them gave us a negative re what it costs to license a property for a Frogger alone cost us over a quarter of a
sponse, but the majority of the adults ac piece of software? million dollars. We also paid approxi
cepted the material as a light-hearted Williams: To put the answer in perspec mately one million dollars to license the
spoof. There Ls no point in the program tive, you need to know some of the costs Disney name for a three-year peritxi.
where people are eaten or come to an Of developing and manufacturiing soft Jermaine: Speaking of Disney, how did
equally terrible end. Epyx has always ware. In this example, let's examine an you become involved with them?
projected a positive software image that average program created under ideal Williams: Sierra On-line and Disney got
allows an\- member of the family to use conditions. These expenditures reflect together as a result of the fell of Texas
our products. actual figures. Instruments and their microcomputer,
Jermaine: Did you consider licensing This fictional software is called Riders the TI/99. Texas Instruments had an
big name wrestlers for Championship of the Storm and retails for S25. Dealer agreement with Walt Disney Productions
Wrestling} profit alone amounts to 40% or S10, to create educational software for the
which reduces our money from S25 to TI/99 over a two-year period When it
S15. Distributor profit is another 15% re became obvious that die Texas Instru
duction or S3.75, which leaves us s 11.25 ments system was dying in the market.
to work with. Co-op advertising, ads re- Texas Instruments helped Disney search
taOets run featuring our products (Toys for a well known software company that
R Us™ is a good example), costs us $.75, would "assume' their obligation and pro
bringing die gross profit of a single piece duce Disney-quality material. Our com
of software to SI0.50. Packing costs pany fit drat bill. The actual contract was
amount to 52.50 per package, bringing signed at the 1984 Winter CES Show in
our new total to S8. Las Vegas.
Now, most of our projects have two Jermaine: What have you learned from
programmers working on them. Each working with die Disney people?
Botch: Yes, we did. However, in this programmer is paid approximately Williams: Dealing with die Disney per
case, the negative factors outweighed the S2,000 a month for an average of five sonal computer software staff has been
positive. If we licensed a character like montlis per project. Programmers also an education for everyone at Sierra On
Hulk Hogan, for example, we would be get an estimated 15% royalty from the line. The situation with Disney that
restricted in how he could Look on the 58 gross profit after the materials have makes our software projects so special is
screen and wliat he was capable of doing been paid for. You may may think that we the fact that we're not merely Uceasors of
Two licensed mimes would Increase our overpay our programmers, but be realis the Walt Disney name, but we have a co-
woes because both individuals would tic: Any programmer good enough to development arrangement. Simply put,
want top billing, and sooner or later we'd work for Sierra On-line could easily go Disney has input into programs contain
have to determine which character was out and get a §40,000 a year job at one of ing dieir characters from conception to
stronger. So to keep things simple for our the local utility companies. completion, with a final right of approval
game designers and marketing people, Two quality assurance people are over c\rcrything in die software.
Epyx decided to create totally new wres pulled into the project to debug the pro When Sierra began working with die
tlers tor the program. After all, we could gram. These people are paid approxi Disney designers, it was an experience
incorporate any traits we liked from the mately SI,200 a month for about six for both. The Disney team had some
real wrestlers into an original character. weeks' work. Add to these costs legal diings to learn about computers. They
Our programmers also had more room fees, magazine advertising, office over didn't know about diings like color limi
to tx; creative and not worry about the head, computer repair and maintenance, tations on different systems, how much
stipulations of a contract and you're talking about our profit being animation can happen on a screen at a

terrifically reduced. given moment, and diat basically, each

B.C., Jen and Disney microcomputer has its own limitations.
Sierra On-line, based in Coarsegold, Understandably, the Disney designers
Continued on pg. 127
California, has also had some interesting
licensing experiences. John Williams, a
member of their licensing staff, agreed to
discuss this aspect of their business.

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 73
LIGHTS... CAMERA

V.
 bv Matthew Leeds

From a distance, Hollywood is all glitz and $ aer. stars come

and go, million-dollar deals are negotiated, and movies are
filmed. Behind the scenes, however, is a tremendous amount
of hard work. Enter the Commodore 64 and Amiga computers.

Synchronizing Soundtracks the score. And, oh yes, die film editor has just
The creation of a film's soundtrack is an im recut die film and your score is due in two days.
mense task. Music is used to accompany and ac This is what Richard and Ron Grant of Auricle
cent action, foreshadow events and add impact.
The score must parallel the action perfectly, fol ed to create a software program on a Commodore
lowing the pace and tempo, changing speed to 64 to simplify this process. While working on the
match the rhythm. The task of coordinating die program, they realized diat just designing software
peaks in die music with the dramatic points in the to solve die problem wasn't enough. They had to
script used to be done by hand, using programma find a way to make it simple to use. The result is
ble metronomes, Knudson click track books, cal The Film Composer's Time Processor.
culators—and a tremendous amount of time. The remarkable success ofThe TimeProcessor is
The synchronization of sound in film is done to due not only to die amount of time it can save a
the frames and sprockets on the film. Thirty-five composer, but the ease with which it can be
millimeter movie film is run at 24 frames per sec learned. It uses a menu-less command structure
ond. The stand;ird measurement of a time-frame is diat can be customized. For example, if you want
therefore 24 frames per second. Each frame has to re-time a bar, just say so. The program will un
eight sprocket holes. derstand your command, and you can change the
Now imagine that you're a composer trying to name of any command to anything you prefer.
The Time Processor can be interlaced to synthe
read)' been created, set to a V* tempo. The scene sizers or drum machines to supply a "clock" that
has already been created, and die point in die ac drives them at perfect time. It has been used in
tion diat you have to match the music to occurs Dynasty, Dallas, Karate Kid. the Ewok Special.
327 frames into the scene. You have to find a new Amazing Stories, Silverado, Knight Rider, St. Else
tempo diat will match die musical highpoint of the where, The Color Purple, Knots landing and
score to die dramatic "hit" in die scene. American Flyers.
Now imagine diat there are several "hits" that In 1985 Richard and Ron Grant won an Emmy
have to be matched, and the time between them Award for outstanding achievement in engineering
does not match die time between the high points development They have now been nominated for
in die score. You need to have variable tempos in an Academy award for Scientific and Technical
Achievement. But this is only one way multi-media presentations by corpora The real-time element was especially
the 64 is used for film production. tions, retailers and industry in which important. "You lose a lot if an actor has
hundreds of slides are used in a single to act to a videotape of another actor's
Controlling Lights presentation, and keeping track of them performance," Lewis explained. "We
Union Connector Company Kx>k the can be a tremendous task. Slide-Finder is needed a way to keep die freshness and
BSR X-IO appliance controller, applied it an Interactive slide-tiling system that not spontaneity between two people. The
to lighting control systems and added an only creates a dan base for tracking your Amiga gave us die look we wanted, kept
interlace to allow the 64 to control the* slides, but controls a slide projector to die real time element alive, and came in
lights on-stage. This system uses modular find and display each slide as you call it at a budget dial was a fraction of die cost
remote-controlled individual dimmers to up. Records can be searched by any field of any other system."
handle tlie high-power requirements of and reports can lx- printed. The first thing Lewis did was to call in
stage lighting. Each module is addressed The core of the system is tlie PCI Pro Aegis Development, a software develop
by a digital R/F signal sent over the exist jector Control Interface controlled by a er for die Amiga, to supply computer
ing electrical wiring. The 64 is connect 64. The developers of Si'kfe-f-'iiuler. Inter hardware and to provide the technical
ed to an interlace called the Digj-64. Us- active Technology, are also producing expertise. Aegis' approach was to place

Although a complete
system can run into
thousands of dollars, it
is interesting to see that
the heart of the package

Tbe Film Composers Time Processor.

is a Commodore 64. Airfield drawn with Aegis Images.

ing Union Connector's StagePro soft software-authoring and production tools the actor on a separate set with a video
ware, up to 48 dimmers can be con for the creation of multi-projector slide camera supplying a live feed to die gold
trolled, with 48 separate scene lighting presentations. shack. Tlie video signal is fed into an
setups preset and i lighting chase se The 6-» is being put to use in many Amiga through a video digitizer. The digi
quences stored on disk. Each dimmer other applications in the entertainment tized signal is then ted into a 1'airliglit
can Ix- set to one of 16 levels of illumina field, such as titling of videos, script and SEG to create additional special effects.
tion or turned on or off using the con budget preparation, storyboarding and The video signal is then fed into a sec
troller. Dimmers that handle one, two, video animation, just to name a few Take ond Amiga through a genlock device.
six or twelve kilowatts of power are a close look at tlie next television or tea- Tlie second Amiga creates text overlays
available ture film, and you just ma}- find a 64 hid on die digitized video signal. The text it
den in die wings. self is created by an AmigaBASIC pro
Teleprompting
The 64 Is used in other performance- gram, and can be changed by hitting dif
Amazing Amigas in
related ways, as well. Telescript has cre ferent keys on die keyboard. The final
Amazing Stories video signal is sent out to die main set
ated a complete teleprompting system
I'm standing in the "gold shack" on the and rear-projected onto a very large
controlled by a 64. a teleprompter dis
set of die weekly TV series Amazing Sto screen where an actress can react to it as
plays text in a large typeface and scrolls it
ries watching video monitors display a if it were a live actor (which in fact it is).
at a controlled rate so the speaker can
set of graphs and charts, part of die spe Her actions are also captured by a video
read a prepared speech to a gathering
cial effects Ix-ing used in die episode be camera and sent to a monitor on die first
without referring to handwritten notes.
ing filmed. The gold shack is so named set so the first actor may see her perform.
Many systems use a half-silvered mirror
because of die value of the video and The whole effect is stunning. I'd love
and a video monitor, set up in such a way
computer equipment it contains. The to tell you more, but I've been sworn to
that the speaker can see both the text on
newest addition to die shack is a pair of
the monitor and can iook out through secrecy until the episode airs. When it
Amiga computers, Ixnng used to create a docs, I'm certain you'll recognize die set.
the mirror to see the audience as well.
digital look to an actor's face while he
Using the 64. the Telescript system You'll see Amigas on die set. though their
acts.
can edit, store, recall and display scripts, namcplates will be covered
Art director Richard Lewis explained
as well as produce hard copy. Although a
complete system can run into the thou
to me that die Amazing Stories' director More Uses for the Amiga
had been looking for a certain effect to After the day's filming on Amazing Sto
sands of dollars, it's interesting to see that
add realism to die storyline. They ex ries, I sat with Richard Lewis ;md dis
die heart of Uic package is a 64.
plored alternatives for die effect using cussed what odier uses Amigas have in
Slide Shows traditional computer-based special ef die film industry:
Not all productions are big budget fea fects equipment, but were unable to cre Leeds: What got you started using the
ture films, however. There arc a lot of ate the look they needed in real-time. Amiga?

76 MARCH'87
Lewis: We first Ixrgan using the A Id then come up with a color use t low a lot instead oi a word
communicate with directors on set de scheme for die plane diat lit with the rest processor: For instance, I use it while
sign. People who direct our episodes are of the story. I "sing Deluxe Paint from looking at a new script, trying to break
working on a variety of projects at the Electronic Arts, I could design a logo, scenes down into the elements. I then
same time. You don't get them tor a lot of slant the letters using shear, and put in use Analyze to budget out die cost of
time: you get them for only a few min die styling lines and other elements to doing each element in die script. Being
utes—and in those few minutes you have flesh out die an on die plane. able to have bodi programs running at
to find out what you need very quickly. If Leeds: Can you give me some other ex die same time saves me a lot of time. I
you miss that opportunity, it may be a amples of how die Amiga has made it can read through a script for the first
day or two hefore you see them again. easier for you to work widi directors? time, make notes, and build a preliminary
And you certainly need all the time you Lewis: Well, I t(x>k some photos of a budget all at the same time.
can get to plan and design. house we were using for an episode, put Leeds: I lave you been using Digiview?
Leeds: Can you give me a specific exam them on the Kurta graphics pad. and Lewis: We had one story where die main
ple of how the Amiga helped you com traced die house in. I could then try dif character had been an avid world travel
municate witli the directors? ferent paint schemes and show them to er in his vouth and we needed to create

"The Amiga is the first

computer that has the
kind offeatures that
nuike it usable for
applications I use on a

Modified tracing of a Convalr 880.

daily basis " House color and details arc chosen.

Lewis: We did a story that involved an the director. I could also change die col some photographs that would show his
airfield and some planes taxiing around. ors while die director was watching until travels. We got some photos from several
We got a photocopy of the airfield layout the combinations were just what he stock agencies and planned to photo-
and traced it using Aegis /mages on die wanted. We then matched paint samples composite his face onto the image. I
Kurta graphics pad. This gave us an accu against die colors on die screen. wanted to check the layout, so I used die
rate representation of the runways. We Another episode came up later in Digiview to digitize die stock photo, and
then added a jetliner, smaller aircraft and which we wanted to use die same house then digitized a photo of my face. Using
van that took part in the story. The run but make it look different Widi just a Deluxe Paint I could put my (ace in the
ways cover two miles of area, and we slight modification to die doorway, some photo and then take screenshots of the
needed to know where everyone was gingerbread and a change in color, we results. We gave die screenshots to die
going and how long it would take. We had a different house. And in die second retoucher who was doing die final com
also had to position the lights for the episode we needed the house to have a positing and told him to use diem as a
night shots. Now we were talking a lot of spook)' character. This lime the whole guide. In reality, some of die stuff we did
lights :ind a long setup—at least four or set was done in shades of gray. with die Digiview was good enough to
five nights in a row. use as is. If we had not needed 8 X 10s,
Leeds: You've got quite a lot of equip
we might have been able to use the shots
Using Aegis Animator, we could see ment set up on your desk. What are you
right off die screen.
the relative movements of each clement presently using with your Amiga?
Leeds: You also mentioned Aegis Draw.
in the scene ;ind could get a feel for Lewis: in terms of hardware. I've got a
Lewis: With Aegis Draw I can draw a
where problems could occur. This way Tecmar 20 megabyte hard disk drive
stage plan, save it as one file, then draw a
the director could sec changes he want with a T-Card that has I megabyte of
set and save it as another. This way I can
ed to make and convey them to us. RAM, a Kurta series 2-bit graphics pad.
try different positions with dial set on
This technique can be used in any ac and a Digiview video digitizer. For soft
die stage to see which works best, seeing
tion scene. We used to use plastic models ware I use AegisAnimator, Aegis /mages
whether diere may Ik- problems relative
of cars and planes and push them around and Aegis Draw. I also use Deluxe Paint
to camera placement or lighting Nor
on a large drawing of die set. But by us and Deluxe Video from Electronic Arts.
mally we would do that widi paper ;uid
ing the Amiga we cm dump the setup For a spreadsheet I use Analyze (Hrown-
pencil, but using Aegis Draw makes it
onto videotape and give a copy to die di Wagh). for word processing Ivc used
simpler. Its die first computer-aided de
rector ofphotography, the stunt coordin Texttraft by Commodore, but I've re
sign system diat is easy enough to be us
ator, ;ind anyone else who needs to know cently switched to Scribble (Brown- able in diis industry. We have a lot of tur
die action sequence. Wagli). I also use Flow (New Horizons nover and can't take a lot of time to train
Software) quite a bit.
In die same episode we were using a someone on a system.
Convair 880 airplane. I took a brochure Leeds: What kinds of tilings arc you us
Continued on fig. 126
from die company and traced die air- ing die non-graphics software for?

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 ADVENTURE ROAD UV MIAY ADDAMS

of die maze ( not die text game). Your po

Mapping Made
sition is automatically saved, and when
News and opinion from you reload the progr.un, you just choose
the game with your name beside it.
Simple: a leading explorer of Three different games In progress may lx*

those fantasy realms saved to die program disk.

Labyrinth and called adventure games.

The sound effects are impressive, es
pecially that eerie harpsichord music

Amnesia that accompanies the Goblin's initial

manifestation. Graphics and animation
jects, and white ones tell you where to are smooth and refined, and some full
find other people. Doors leading into die screen illustrations—like that of die Gob
JTrom 1982 until 1985.1 was lost in the maze are also shown, and you can tell lin—feature superb high-resolution com
maze in Zork I, so I'm glad to sec con whether diey are open or closed. puter art. You won't see any of the fractal
temporary game designers are making At the bottom of die screen the parser graphics diat dominated die first Lucas-
their worlds easier to map. Two recent occupies two small windows. The left film games. Widi its simple parser and
examples areAmnesia and Labyrinth. one holds a list of verbs; the oilier, nouns. joystick interface, die game is aimed at
Labyrinth is an animated game that is Type the first letter of a word, and die list adventurers 13 and under. You don't
practically all-maze. But a special over hops to die first word beginning widi have to be a Muppet fen to enjoy Laby
head view enables you to see an aerial diat letter. For example, type T and the rinth, but it helps.
view of the current hall so it can Ix: cop word take is highlighted. Then hit die
ied on paper. Based on the Jim Henson cursor key to activate die noun window I'll Take Manhattan
Muppet film, Labyrinth opens with a and follow die same process to find die Amnesia is an all-text game diat spares
brief all-text game in which you must object you want to grab. (If there is only die reader/player from map-making with
find your way to the theater where die one item in sight, you can just hit RE an even more direct method—the docu
film is showing. TURN or the joystick button to take it.) mentation includes a street map of Man
In a bordered box like those seen in si Its basically a kiddie parser with a limited hattan where die game takes place. Thai
lent movies, the first illustration an vocabulary—but at least you can scroll is practically a necessity, for Amnesia
nounces "The Movie Begins." Then the through the windows to sec all the contains 4,(KM) locations and 650 streets!
Goblin appears and speaks directly to words. The game's text responses are Mapping diis on your own could uike
you from the screen. He even uses your usually shown in a colored bubble at the years, and you would have to rent a
name, which you type in along with oth top of die screen, a technique also em warehouse to store all the maps. You also
er information before the game. The ployed in Habitat get a map of die subway routes, so you
Goblin presents the challenge: You have Inside die maze, graffiti is scrawled on won't get lost in New York's real mazes.
been transported into his labyrinth. the walls. This marks secret doors that Doing away widi the need for map
where you will remain imprisoned un lead deeper into die labyrinth. Dedicated ping gives you more time to appreciate
less you vanquish him at the center of adventurers will get to visit some of the die prose of author Thomas A. Disch—
the maze. There's a 13-hour time limit, Imaginary worlds created by Henson, mid concentrate on solving the mystery
and you can always type "time" to find places like the wise Man's Garden and he has devised. Disch is a novelist whose
out how much you've got left. die Hall of Stone Paces. Muppet charac science fiction and mysteries have won
The next phase of me program is auto ters—Hoggle, Sir Dydymus and die Fir- man}' awards, but this is not an adapta
matically loaded and animation kicks in. eys—are stationed widiin the maze and tion Of an existing work. 'ITiough Amne
A 2'/2-inch tall character stands in the may help If you speak to them. The sia contains enough text to till a small
middle of a long brick-lined hall. De parser doesn't let you do more dian say novel, he wrote it specifically as a text
pending on your previous input, the "Speak Moggie," so character interaction adventure.
character will be male or female, have is constrained. But most problems in The story begins when you awake in a
hair die color you stated, and will tx1 volve object manipulation, and you'll hotel room in New York, without clodies
wearing a shirt that's your favorite color. find many objects lying in plain view in or a memory Before going anywhere,
Now you can guide die character about die hall. And vending machines often sell you've got to find something to wear;
die halls by moving die joystick. To sim useful items. Then you can set out to discover your
ulate 3-D, the program enables you to You can't just stroll along scarfing up Identity and how you lost it
move forward and backward as well as crystal balls and other valuables, for dan The people you meet may help jog
left and right. The graphics are similar to ger lurks inside die labyrinth. When you your memory: There's a redneck Texan
those seen in Habitat, QuantumUnk's hear the sounds of a man in armor clank who calls you John Cameron and wants
on-line adventure (bodi are produced by ing down die hall, head for die nearest you to marry his daughter: A bag lady
Ijjcasfilm Games). door. Otherwise he'll open a trap door across town has a note you wrote to
Below the graphics, which cover most diat drops you into a pit. You can buy yourself—a note she says you told her to
of die screen, you'll see a long diin bar your way out or use a magic word. Un hold for you in case something like this
that represents die hall you're in. A blink fortunately a magic word costs you an happened. Then there's a bell clerk who
ing square shows your current location, hour of time. calls you Xavier Hollings, whom it turns
black ones indicate the location of ob- Either way, you'll start at die beginning Continued on pz 'jfi

80 MARCH r87
NRI Trains You At Home—As You Build Your Own IBM-Compatible Computer

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Money Troubleshooting Applt and tne Applf logo ai« Ricnier*d
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Any Brand of Computer
COMPAQ Computer CorporaIIon. and help you when you
The biggest growth in jobs ; 1965 AT&T TtctinolofltM. Inc. need it. You get it all with
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puter system as part of your training, ming, circuit design, and peripheral
centered around the new fully IBM maintenance. You'll be learning about,
compatible Sanyo 880 Series computer. working with, servicing, and trouble
You start with the step-by-step shooting an entire computer system- Your NRI total systems training Includes:
monitor, keyboard, computer, disk drive, • NRI Discovery Lab" to design and modify circuits
assembly of the new, highly rated fully Your four-function digital multimeter with walk-you-
IBM compatible Sanyo 880 Series com power supply—to ensure that you have through instructions on audio tape • Digital logic
puter. You install and troubleshoot the all the essential skills you need' to succeed probe for visual examination ot keyboard circuits *
The newest Sanyo 880 Series Computer with "Intelli
"intelligent" keyboard. Then you assem as a professional computer service gent" keyboard and 360K double-density, double-sided
ble the power supply, install the disk technician. disk drive • High resolution monochrome monitor • 8K
ROM, 256K RAM • Bundled software including GW
drive, and add extra memory to give you BASIC, MS-DOS, WordStar, CalcStar • Reference
a powerful 256K RAM system. The new No Experience Needed, manuals, schematics, and bite-sized lessons.
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ing it almost twice as fast as the IBM PC.
Next, you'll interface the high-resolution prepared, with the skills and confidence 3939 Wisconsin Avenue. NW
you need for success. You learn at your Washington. DC 20016
monitor and begin to use the valuable
software also included with your com own convenience in your own home. 81
No classroom pressures, no night school. We'll Give You Tomorrow.
plete computer system.
 64 USERS ONLY HY KENNY L-WYSOIS

die form. This means to set die top of die

sheet of paper even with the top of the
Letter Right! print he-ad. When you hit die spacebar
die printer automatically advances tei
for the lines and prints your address, city, suite
zip code and date on die right-hand side
Commodore 64 men moves down to print die receiver';
Here is a simple word name and address on die left. The pro
gram dien prints die salutation line ant
o. you just got your first Commodore processor that lets moves down to die start of die text.
64 and a printer—and you're wondering As was mentioned earlier, this is not
what you can do with them. Well. Letter you create a letter top-of-the-line word processor. For in
Right! is just the program for you! It is no stance, you must press the spacebar five
top-of-the-line word processor, but it
you can be proud of. times to indent a new paragraph. A
does a g<x>d job helping you write per screen prompt warns you not to type in
sonal or business letters right away. choose C and D, no entry will be neces more dian two screen lines of text before
The program opens with a menu with sary, although you must still choose C pressing RETURN because of die 6-i's 80-
eight selections. The first choice (A) se and D to declare die variables. character logical line limit. Any text over
lects letter case—upper-case graphics or Next, select name of addressee (E) and two lines long will be cut off! and all the
upper-/]ower-case (used far most corre enter that Information, Do die same with text over two lines long will not be sent
spondence). Next choose whether you die address of die addressee (F). And fi to tlie printer. So, be careful here!
wish single- or double-spacing (B). nally, choose today's date (G). When you are finished entering your
If you choose to skip choices A and B. Letter flight! will accept almost any text, just press RETURN on a blank input
they will default to upper-case and single form of entry for die date, because line line. This sends die program to line 1150
spacing, respectively. Otherwise, select 260 puts a double-quote in front of the which prints die "Sincerely." and your
ing lower-case will also change the letter date input, allowing you to use punctua name, dien ends the program. There you
case on the screen to make it easier to re tion when entering die date (for exam have it—a letter you can be proud of!
member to capitalize letters as necessary: ple, Jaa 15, 1987). 'lliis program was written for a Com
Now enter your name (C) and address Now you're ready to write. Here is modore-compatible printer. If your print
(D). If you arc die only person who is go your last chance to correct any mistakes, er doesn't recognize ComnKKlore printer
ing to use die program, it is easy to cus Pressing RETURN returns you to the control codes, check your printer useri
tomize. Just change line 510 to main menu where you can make a manual tor die proper codes to use in
NMS = "Your name", change line 5-40 to change. If you need to change only one line 390 (die variable SP) to set your
AD S = "Your address", line 560 to selection, die odier items will Ix.1 pre printer tor double-spacing.
CYS = "Your city", line 580 to served and you just hit H again to print. Letter Right! uses only 4.010 bytes of
SAS = "Your state" and line 600 to When you hit H, die screen prompts memory: it can easily lx- customized for
ZPS=Tour zip code". Now when you you to advance die paper to die top of your own applications.

Before typing these programs, read "How lo Emcr Programs." and "How in Use the Magazine :PRINT'CBQJ
Entry Program." Tlie BASIC programs in ihis magazine are available on disk from Loadsiar, 170 PRINT"[RIGHT2,RVS]D[RV0FF].
p.o. Box 30007. Shrcvepon, IA 711 jo-ooo-. i -aoo-831-2694. [SPACE2]SELECT ADDRESS OF SENDER"
:PRINT'CBSL
180 PRINT"[RIGHT2,RVS]E[RV0FF].
Letter Right!
[SPACE2]SELECT NAME OF ADDRESSEE"
30 REM *** LETTER RIGHT! ***'BSYD :PRINT'CBWM
60 SP=0:PRINT"[CLEAR]":GOSUB 1210 190 PRINT"[RIGHT2,RVS]F[RV0FF].
:LC=0:G=0'FQHJ
[SPACE2]SELECT ADDRESS OF
70 CLOSE 4'BBLD
ADDRESSEE":PRINT'CBYO
80 PRINT"[CLEAR]"'BATF 200 PRINT"[RIGHT2,RVS]G[RV0FF].
90 :'ABHF
[SPACE2]SELECT TODAY'S DATE"
100 REM *** MAIN MENU * B0DX :PRINT'CBSE
110 :'ABHV
210 PRINT"[RIGHT2,RVS]H[RV0FF].
120 GOSUB 280:POKE 646,15'CKQA
[SPACE2JBEGIN LETTER"•BASC
130 PRINT"[HOME,D0WN3,RIGHT,SPACE14, 220 PR INT:PRINT"[RIGHT2,SPACE7,RVS]
RVSJMAIN MENU":PRINT:PRINT'DCUE CHOOSE LETTER OF CHOICE"'CBUG
140 PRINT"[RIGHT2,RVS]A[RV0FF]. 230 GET AS:IF A$=""THEN 230'EIED
[SPACE2]SELECT LETTER CASE" 240
:PRINT'CBWG
A=ASC(A5)-64:IF A<1 OR A>8 THEN
230'IPGI
150 PRINT"[RIGHT2,RVS]B[RV0FF]. 250
[SPACE2]SELECT SPACING":PRINT'CBNG ON A GOTO 360,430,500,530,620,650,
160 PRINT"[RIGHT2,RVS]C[RV0FF]. 260
[SPACE2]SELECT NAME OF SENDER" POKE 198,0:POKE 631,34:POKE 198,1
Continued onp& Hi

82 MARCH '87
 y

Commodore@
look as smart

Consolidate your 64, 64C and 128 system with the Command Center.
Get your workspace back again.
The Command Center will untangle your wires,
unclutter your desk and put peripherals at your
fingertips. Condensing your whole system into one
compact unit, you might consider it the ultimate
Commodore peripheral. You get Commodore value
With the with the look of a more expensive system.
Command Center,
your system is Just look at all it includes:
compact and ■ Built-in AC Power Strip with power surge and
complete. voltage spike protection, line noise filtering and
power outlets.
■ Built-in Drive/CPU Cooling Fan to prevent
overheating.
■ Modular Telephone Plug, with its own on
line/off-line telecommunications switch. (Option on
64 and 64C).
■ Master AC Switch for easy system power-up.
■ Single or Dual Drive Configurations with the
standard drive insert.

Without the Command Center your Commodore Many built-in conveniences add to the Command
peripherals look cluttered and take up most of your Center's value.
«Comrroaore >s a registered tracemar* of Commodore Electronics Lla
desk top.

KETEK P.O. Box 203

Oakdale, IA 52319
YES1 Rush me a Command Cenier to
Free 30-day trial offer complete my system. I may enjoy it for up
to 30 days and return it for a lull refund
and one-year warranty.
City
□ 64 S119.95
□ 64C $129 95
For faster service, call □ 128 SI 49.95
Phone Number

1-800-626-4582 toll-free (Please include S3.50 for shipping and

DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED
1 -319-338-7123 (Iowa Residents) handling.)
 64 USERS ONLY/LETTER RIGHT!
Continuedfrom pg, 82
710 PRINT"TODAY'S DATE";:GOSUB 260;
:RETURN:REM QUOTE MARKS'FFAM :INPUT DT$'DKTJ
270 :'ABHD 720 GOTO 80'BCPD
280 PRINT"[CLEAR]": REM *** BORDER 7 30 PRINT"[CLEAR,DOWN8]";:RETURNfCCIG
LINE ***'CRPJ 740 GET A$:IF A$=""THEN 740'EIKJ
290 :'ABHF 750 RETURN'BAQG
300 POKE 53281,9:POKE 53280,9 760 :'ABHH
:POKE 646,0'DVED 770 REM *** WRITE ROUTINE ***rBSJN
310 FOR X=1024 TO 1063:POKE X,102:NEXT 780 :'ABHJ
:FOR X=55296 TO 55335:POKE X,0 790 G=0'BCPL
:NEXT'KIEL 800 PRINT"[CLEAR]"'BATD
320 FOR X=1103 TO 2023 STEP 40 810 PRINT"[RVS,SPACE5]POSITION PAPER
:POKE X,102:NEXT'GSHG TO TOP OF SHEET[SPACE5]"'BACN
325 FOR X=55375 TO 56295 STEP 40 820 PRINT"[DOWN17,RIGHT,RVS]
:POKE X,0:NEXT'GSTL PRESS (SPACE) TO CONTINUE OR
330 FOR X=2023 TO 1984 STEP-1 1 RETURN ""BABP
:POKE X,102:NEXT'HRTH 822 PRINT:PRINT"[RIGHT5,RVS]
335 FOR X=56295 TO 56256 STEP-1 ALONE TO RETURN TO MAIN
:POKE X,0:NEXT'HRIN MENU."'CBCP
340 FOR X=1984 TO 1024 STEP-40 824 GET A$:IF A$=""THEN 830'EIKM
:POKE X,102:NEXT'HSOJ 826 IF A$=CHR$(13)THEN 80'EITO
345 FOR X=56216 TO 55336 STEP-40 828 IF AS=" "THEN 840'DFFP
:POKE X,0:NEXT'HSYO 830 GOTO 824'BDNG
350 RETURN'BAQC 840 PRINT"[CLEARJBE SURE NOT TO ENTER
360 GOSUB 730'BDNE MORE THAN TWO"'BAMQ
370 PRINT"[DOWN3,RVS]U[RVOFF]PPER OR 850 PRINT"SCREEN LINES BEFORE HITTING
[RVS]L[RVOFF]OWER CASE"'BAML [RVS]RETURN[RVOFF],"'BAMR
380 GOSUB 740 'BDOG 860 PRINT"OR THE EXTRA WORDS WILL BE
390 IF A?="L"THEN SP=7:PRINT CHR$(14) DROPPED."'BAGS
:GOTO 80'HNGN 870 PRINT"PRESS [RVS]RETURN[RVOFF]
400 SP=0'BDHY WITHOUT ANY INPUT TO END."'BAWU
410 IF ASO"U"THEN 380'EFKC 880 PRINT"BEGIN LETTER WHEN THE
420 GOTO 80'BCPA CURSOR REAPPEARS.":PRINT'CBLW
430 GOSUB 730'BDNC 890 OPEN 4,4,SP'BGCN
440 PRINT"[RVSjS[RVOFF]INGLE OR [RVS] 900 FOR T=l TO 10:PRINT#4:NEXT
D[RVOFFIOUBLE[SPACE2]SPACING1" BAEK :LC=LC+10'HOWK
450 GOSUB 740'BDOE 910 ZAS=CY$+","+SAS+" "+ZP$'FMVK
460 IF A$="D"THEN G=1:GOTO 80'FHBI 920 PRINT#4,SPC(40)AD$:LC=LC+1'EOJK
470 G=0'BCPG 930 IF G=l THEN PRINT#4:LC=LC+1'GJNM
480 IF A$O"S"THEN 450 ' EFGJ 940 PRINT#4,SPC(40)ZA$:LC=LC+1'EOGM
490 GOTO 80'BCPH 950 IF G=l THEN PRINT#4:LC=LC+1'GJNO
500 GOSUB 730'BDNA 9 60 PRINT#4,SPC(40)DTS:LC=LC+1'EODO
510 INPUT "YOUR NAME";NM$'BEXE 970 FOR T=l TO 4:PRINT#4:NEXT
520 GOTO 80'BCPB :LC=LC+1'HMER
530 GOSUB 730'BDND 980 ZB$=AC$+","+AS$+" "+AZS'FMIR
540 INPUT"YOUR ADDRESS";ADS'BEHH 990 PRINT#4,NA$:LC=LC+1'DLSQ
550 PRINT'BACE 1000 IF G=l THEN PRINT#4:LC=LC+1'GJNY
560 INPUT "YOUR CITY";CY$'BEWJ 1010 PRINT#4,AA$:LC=LC+1'DLFX
570 PRINT'BACG 1020 IF G=l THEN PRINT#4:LC=LC+1'GJNB
580 INPUT "YOUR STATE";SA$'BEML 1030 PRINT#4,ZB$:LC=LC+1'DLGA
590 PRINT'BACI
1040 FOR T=l TO 3:PRINT#4:NEXT
630 INPUT "YOUR ZIP CODE";ZP$'BEDF
:LC=LC+3'HMFE
610 GOTO 80'BCPB
1050 IF SP=7 THEN PRINT#4,"[SHFT D]
620 GOSUB 730'BDND
EAR "NAS+",":LC=LC+1
630 INPUT "NAME OF ADDRESSEE";NA$'BEIJ
:GOTO 1070'ITLJ
640 GOTO 80'BCPE
1060 PRINT#4,"DEAR "NA$+","
650 GOSUB 730:INPUT "STREET ADDRESS";
:LC=LC+1'ELQF
AA$'CIIL
1070 FOR T=l TO 3:PRINT#4:NEXT
660 PRINT : INPUT"CITY" ,* ACS'CFTJ :LC=LC+4'HMGH
6 70 PRINT:INPUT"STATE";AS$'CFIK 1080 GOSUB 260'BDLC
680 PRINT:INPUT "ZIPCODE";AZS'CFCM 1090 A$="":INPUT A$'CFIE
690 GOTO 80'BCPJ 1100 IF A$=""THEN 1150 'DGQW
700 GOSUB 730'BDNC
Continued on pg. 86

84 MARCH'87
Increase your knowledge about all aspects of computers
An absolutely no-risk guarantee.

Select 3 Books for only $100 each

More programs, projects, and ways to use your micro.
Keep well-informed about the latest books available—and get the original
publisher's edition at discounts of up to 50% off the publishers' prices!

COMMODORE 64
<LJF
=EXPAN5rON=
MMODI HE ■'
POWER
TURBO
PROLOG
1

1SS9 $22.95 1876P SI 7.95 19S9 SI 6.95 1874 S21.9S 1S5B S16.95 2 51 OP S14.95 27B2 S22.95 1961 S22.95

GAMES &
PROGRAMMING
IVTIRFADSG FRWEOS GRAPHICS
COMMODORE
COMPUTERS
15SBP. Gelling Started In Pascal Pro 1923P. Commodore 64T1J Advanced
gramming Paper S13.95 Game Design Paper $10.95
1737. The FORTRAN Cookbook—2nd
Edition SI 8.95 1062P. The A to Z Book ot Computer
Games Paper $10.25
1990. True BASIC—Programs and
Subroutines S24.95

2650. Serious Programming In BASIC PRACTICAL

S21.95 APPLICATIONS
2732. Commodore 128 BASIC:
COMPUTER Programming Techniques S1B.95
USERS GUIDE TC 1936P. Commodore 64'" Micro
: ELECTRONICS 2682. An Introduction to Prolog Mansion: Using Your Computer to Have
S24.95 a Safer, More Convenient Home
Paper $11.95

GENERAL
2705. 30 Customized Microprocessor
INTEREST
Protects S22.9S

1993. Inside Secrets of WordStar- 2000 1501P. The Handbook of Microcom

and 2000 Plus S21.95 puter Interfacing Paper S15.95
2756 S18.95 26B5 S27.50 1688 S14.95 1899 S24.95
2688. The Illustrated Dictionary of
(PjBlisher's Prices Shown)
Microcomputers—2nd Edition S24.95

Membership Benefits • Big Savings. In addition to Ihis introductory

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1987 Ttw COMPUTER BOOK CLUB' P O BO" 80. Blue fitdgu Summit. PA 1721*
 64 USERS ONLY/LETTER RIGHT!
Continuedfrom-pg. 84 SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS,SPACE4,
RVOFF,S PACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,
1110 PRINT#4,AS:LC=LC+1'DKPY
SPACE2,CMDR *,RVS] "'BAJK
1120 IF G = l THEN PRINT#4:LC=LC+1'GJNC
13 50 PRINT"[DOWN4,RIGHT3,RVS,SPACE3,
1130 IF LC=>56 THEN FOR X=l TO 18
CMDR *,RVOFF,SPACE4,RVS,SPACE2,
:PRINT#4:NEXT:LC=8' KPEG
RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS,SHFT POUND,
1140 GOTO 1080'BEGY
SPACE2,CMDR *,RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS,
1150 PRINT#4:PRINT#4:PRINT#4'DFPB
SPACE2,RVOFF] [RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,
1160 IF SP=7 THEN PRINT#4,TAB{45)"
SPACE2,RVS,SPACE4,RVOFF,S PACE2,
[SHFT S]INCERELY,":GOTO 1180'GNTJ
RVS] [RVOFF]"'BABN
1170 PRINT#4,TAB(45)"SINCERELY,"'CFRG
1360 PRINT"[SPACE3,RVS,SPACE4,CMDR *,
1180 PRINT#4:PRINT#4,TAB(45)NM$'DKQF
RVOFF,S PACE3,RVS,S PACE2,RVOFF,
1190 CLOSE 4'BBLD
SPACE2,RVS,SHFT POUND] [RVOFF,
1200 END'BACU
SHFT POUND,CMDR *,RVS] [CMDR *,
1210 :'ABHV
RVOFF,S PACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF]
1230 REM *** TITLE PAGE ***'BPQC
[RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS,
1240 :'ABHY
SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS] [RVOFF]
1260 POKE 53280,0:POKE 53281,0
"'BAFP
:POKE 646,7'DVXG
1370 PRINT"[SPACE3,RVS] [RVOFF,SPACE2,
1270 PRINT"[SPACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,
RVS,S PACE 2,RVOFF,S PACE 3,RVS,
S PACE 4,RVS,S PACE4,RVOFF,S PACE2,
SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE2,RVS,SPACE2,
RVS,S PACE4,RVOFF,S PACE2,RVS,
RVOFF,S PACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,
SPACE4,RVOFF,S PACE2,RVS,S PACE4,
SPACE2,RVS,SPACE5,RVOFF,SPACE3,
RVOFF,SPACE2,RVS,SPACE3,CMDR *]
RVS,S PACE2,RVOFF,S PACE 3,RVS]
'"BAKL
[RVOFF]"'BAVN
1280 PRINT"[SPACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,
1380 PRINT"[SPACE3,RVS,SPACE4,RVOFF,
S PACE4,RVS,S PACE4,RVOFF,S PACE2,
SHFT POUND,SPACE3,RVS,SPACE2,
RVS,S PACE4,RVOFF,S PACE 2,RVS,
RVOFF,SPACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,
S PACE4,RVOFF,S PACE 2,RVS,S PACE4,
S PACE2,RVS,S PACE 2,RVOFF,S PACE2,
RVOFF,SPACE2,RVS,SPACE4,CMDR *]
RVS,SPACE5,RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS,
'"BARM
S PACE2,RVOFF,S PACE3,RVS] [RVOFF]
1290 PRINT"[SPACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,
'"BATO
SPACE4,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE5,
1390 PRINT"[SPACE3,RVS,SPACE4,CMDR *,
RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE4,RVS,
RVOFF,S PACE3,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,
S PACE2,RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS,SPACE2,
SPACE2,RVS,SPACE2,CMDR *,RVOFF,
RVOFF,SPACE4,RVS] [RVOFF,SPACE2,
S PACE 5,RVS,S PACE 5,RVOFF,S PACE3,
RVS,SPACE2]"'BAPN
RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS]
1300 PRINT"[SPACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,
[RVOFF] " 'BAAP
SPACE4,RVS,S PACE3,RVOFF,S PACE4,
1400 PRINT"[SPACE3,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,
RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE4,RVS,
CMDR *,RVS,SPACE2/CMDR *,RVOFF,
SPACE2,RVOFF,S PACE3,RVS,SPACE3,
SPACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE2,
RVOFF,S PACE 3,RVS,S PACE4,RVOFF,
RVS,S PACE6,RVOFF,S PACE 2,RVS,
SHFT POUND]"'BAKF
1310 PRINT"[SPACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF, SPACE2,RVOFF] [RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,
S PACE3,RVS,S PACE 2,RVOFF,S PACE 3,
S PACE 4,RVS,S PACE3,RVOFF,S PACE4,
RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE4,RVS,
RVS] [RVOFF] '"BAYI
SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS,SPACE3, 1410 PRINT"[SPACE3,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF]
RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS,SPACE4,CMDR *] [CMDR *,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE2,
"'BARG RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE2,CMDR *,
1320 PRINT"[SPACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF, RVS] [RVOFF,S PACE 2,RVS,S PACE 2,
SPACE4,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE5, RVOFF,SPACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF]
RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,S PACE4,RVS, I RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,S PACE3,RVS,
SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS,SPACE2, S PACE2,RVOFF,SPACE2]"'BAKJ
RVOFF,SPACE4,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF, 1420 PRINT"[SPACE3,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,
CMDR *,RVS,SPACE2,CMDR *]"'BAAI SPACE2,CMDR *,RVS] [RVOFF,SPACE2,
1330 PRINT"[SPACE2,RVS,SPACE4,RVOFF, RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE3,CMDR *,
S PACE2,RVS,S PACE4,RVOFF,S PACE 3, RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SHFT POUND,RVS]
RVS,S PACE2,RVOFF,S PACE4,RVS, [RVOFF,SPACE2,RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF]
SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS,SPACE4, [RVS,SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE3,RVS,
RVOFF,SPACE2,RVS,S PACE2,RVOFF] SPACE2,RVOFF,SPACE3,SHFT Q]"'BADM
[CMDR *,RVS,SPACE2]"'BAJJ 1430 PRINT"[DOWN,SPACE5,RVS]
134 0 PRINT"[SPACE2,RVS,SPACE4,RVOFF, V2.5 1986 BY KENNY LAWSON "'BAGH
SPACE2,RVS,SPACE4,RVOFF,SPACE3, 1440 FOR T=l TO 3500:NEXT'EHXE
RVS,S PACE 2,RVOFF,S PACE 4,RVS, 1450 RETURN'BAQC g^

86 MARCH '87
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 64 USERS ONLY

Addition
Master
for the
Commodore 64

M. his program solves alphameric puz

zles, puzzles in which letters symbolize
numbers in a standard addition configu
ration Since each letter replaces one dig
it, the solution essentially becomes a
code-breaking exercise. You have to de
duce die message from the coded data.
The real challenge of these kinds of
puzzles is time. There are up to ten digits
represented and there may be up to ten
factorial potential solutions (that is. 10 *
9*8*7-6 3 I, or
3,628,800 solutions). This is clearly too
many solutions to try in any reasonable
amount of time. Regardless of whether
you attempt it manually or by computer,
(here lias to be a way to simplify die
problem.
Traditionally, human intellect has
solved die puzzle by deduction. I'sing
Team up with your computer to solve word
various clues, you can eliminate various
combinations of digits. ;uid with a rea
addition puzzles.
sonable puzzle, make steady progress to
ward die solution. Eventually, when you zle about die guitar. You should be able
run out of ideas, die 3.6 million solutions Your Part to deduce diat die letter Ci must be 1, be
should be reduced to a more manage The first step involves some brute cause C> + S cannot possibly add up to 20.
able sum...say a dozen or two. It dien be strength on your part—you have to type By a similar process, die value of U can
comes a matter of brute strength to try in the program. In spite of its length, you be determined and entered as a clue.
die remaining combinations and find die must type carefully, for a small typo
one that works. You may want to try diis could be critical. If you find it's too long. Computer's Part
method on die sample puzzles yourself you can substitute 2020 GOTO 500 and Because of die complexity of the pro
before feeding diem into die computer. leave out everything after that Then with cess, die program does a lot of error
If you do, compare your time with the a copy securely saved, run die program checking at the beginning. 'Hie solution
computer to see who does best. and choose "addition" from die menu. If docs take time, and it would be a shame
My bet is that you will soon find the you're using a printer, enter die date. You to waste it on a wild goose chase, a puz
human solution to be very time-consum dien must indicate die total number of zle diat is impossible, or a puzzle that has
ing—and somewhat unreliable. Howev lines in die puzzle, including die sum been entered wrong. All in all. the error
er, die computer alone would also have line, and enter each one individually. checking accounts tor about Va of the
considerable difficulty with 3.6 million Now for die deduction: By analyzing program's length.
combinations. In BASIC it could take a die puzzle or using intuition, you have to Once it gets rolling, die program sim
couple of weeks simply to generate all supply some clues. Often the puzzle will ply generates the remaining combina
die solutions, let alone test diem. have a clue supplied with it: just enter tions of digits and tests them. The rather
The program has been designed with diis directly: 1-or example, if you deter cryptic subroutine beginning at line 2^2
teamwork in mind—to allow your intel mine diat a certain letter must be even, is responsible tor generating the digits,
lect to work with die computer. As quar you can cut die number of combinations returning them in die array UI). The sec
terback, you call die play: entering die by half. Ifyou can specify die exact value tion from line 5 to about 200 tests these
puzzle and supplying as many clues as of a letter, die amount of computation digits in the puzzle; this is done one col
you can find. Your 64 then runs with the will tx- reduced by 90%! umn at a time to eliminate unsuccessful
ball, using its raw number capabilities to Sometimes die structure will be a give combinations as quickly as possible.
find die solution. away. Take a look at die first sample puz Widiout going into too much detail.

88 MARCH'87
64 USERS ONLY/ADDITION MASTER
here are some of the key array variables in lines 1160 to 1210 is a series of nested TELL FIND Clue:
and sections. ON statements used to resolve a matrix SOME ME GRIND
INS{) Holds the various let of clue combinations. TALL FINE is a
ters square

S(>( ) Holds die dues Extensions TALES GRIND

TR() Holds the value cur As long as algorithms had to lie includ
rently being tried ed to check for primes and squares, I
CCXrc) Points to the letter added separate menu items to access TELL Clue: BUT Clue:
held in tow r column these directly. They can he handy if. like THE TEIX LOOK it's a
C, measured from the me, you are fascinated by experimenting WHOLE is a A prime
upper ri^lit with numbers and their properties. prime BU'l'l
lines 265-36S Check clues The program could be readily trans tkith number BUTT
lines 370-44S Display puzzle and so ported to other computers. 'ITic main
lution changes would be to screen formatting, Moderate to Hard:
Line's 5(X)-H5O Input and organize printer access, and a few memory loca
puzzle tions for sound ;uid screen color. 1LAVE DAIAI
lines l(X)0-on Gather dues Whatever your computer, I hope that A SAW Clue:
There are a few more programming you find this program interesting, and DRINK (very A DALAI
tricks that you might find interesting. that it illustrates how your intellect and DEAR hard) WILD is
After each puzzle has been solved, a sim your computer can complement one an FIRED ....
even

ple CAR quickly sweeps up the leftover other to efficiently work together LLAMA
variables, loops and subroutines. Then, FRIEND
DIM is used to re-establish arrays. An un Sample Puzzles
usual step is the further use of DIM to de
Easy:
fine non-array variables in the proper or TOO SO Clue: RIDE Clue:
der. This allows the most frequently-used TOO THE Moon- WIDE SLIDE
variables to be retrieved die fastest. Simi GREAT TOO MOON Shine WILD is a
larly, small line numbers are used for fast START TOO DOES is WET square
retrieval of frequently-used parts of the AT nor Clue: .... even - - - - numbci
program. A TO TROT SHINE SIJDE
The subroutine at line -i6S serves mul - - - - is not
tiple puqx>ses. depending on where it is (il'ITAR TROT prime
entered. GOSUB ^75 will produce a BOSS ITS
beep; GOSIJB 470 waits for a keypress, WAS WHAT AT Clue: SO Clue:
then beeps. GOSUB 465 beeps, waits. THAT Clue: A Clue: FOOT the BOSS TASTY TOAST
then beeps again. Note too (hat the sub All. WAS GREAT WASTE BALL is even- TO has a
routine calls Itself from line tOS. which is a - - - - is - - - - minded — - prime
makes it recursive. The unusual structure RIGHT square WASTE even FAILS TOAST taste Q

Before typing these programs, read "Him- to Hntrr Programs." and "How to Use ihc Magazine 60 TJ=TJ+TR(CO(I,C))'CPQH
Entry Program." The BASIC programs in (his magazine arc available on disk from Loadstar. 65 NEXT:CA(C)=INT(TJ/10)
P.O. Box 30007, Shrevcport, L\ "I ]?nmr. I soaHM-26'H :TJ=TJ-10*CA(C):IF RP(C)THEN IF TJ
THEN 10'LJDW
Addition Master 70 IF RP(C)THEN 105'CIDF
75 A=C0(R,C):IF A THEN IF SX(C)THEN
" '"BDJC 90'FREP
2 GOTO 2000'BEYB 80 IF TJ=TR(A)THEN 105'DKEI
5 OMA:IF SX(C)THEN U(TR(CO(Rf 85 GOTO 10rBCIJ
C) ) )=.'EYDL 90 IF U(TJ)THEN 10'CHOH
10 IF N THEN 35'CDGX 95 SJ=SO(A):G0SUB 270:IF Al=.THEN
15 F=.:C=C-1:IF C=.THEN RETURN'HJTI 10'FRCR
20 IF SX(C)THEN U(TR(CO(R,C)))=.'DUUE 100 TR(A)=TJ:U(TJ)=1'COHY
25 N=ND(C):IF N=.THEN 15'ELMI 105 C = C+1:IF OMA THEN 120'FKWF
30 FOR 1=1 TO N:L(I)-TR(DI(C,I)) 110 Al=.:N=ND(C):IF N=.THEN 50'FPBC
:NEXT'FUKG 115 GOSUB 252:GOTO 40'CGBD
35 GOSUB 258:IF F THEN 15'DHRH 120 TJ=CA(MA):IF TJ=.THEN ON LR-MA+1
40 FOR 1=1 TO N:TJ=L(I):SJ=SO(DI(C,I)) GOTO 155,5'IWAH
:GOSUB 270:IF A1=.THEN 35'JJQN 125 IF LR=MA THEN 5'DFSF
45 TR(DI (CD ) =TJ:NEXT'COCJ 130 A=C0(R,LR):IF SX(C)=.THEN 150'ETTF
50 TJ=CA(C-1):F0R 1=1 TO R-l 135 IF U(TJ)THEN 5'CGUF
:IF OLEN (RW$ (I) )THEN 65'KAQN 140 SJ=SO(A):GOSUB 270:IF A1=.THEN
55 IF RP(C)=I THEN 65'DIFJ

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 89
 64 USERS ONLY/ADDITION MASTER
5'FQNF 305 A1=ABS(2.5-ABS(TJ-5))-.5
145 TR(A)=TJ:U(TJ)=1:GOTO 155'DSUK :RETURN'HPWJ
150 IF TR(A)-TJ THEN 5'DIGD 340 :'ABHB
155 N=ND(12):IF N=.THEN 192'ENXK 345 REM PRIME TEST'BJAJ
160 GOSUB 252:GOTO 185'CHJD 350 IF A<4 THEN Al=0:RETURN'FGRG
165 IF N=.THEN 175'DFCI 355 IF A/2=INT(A/2)THEN Al=2
170 GOSUB 258:IF F=.THEN 185'EJQG :RETURN1IKVO
175 IF SX(LR)THEN U(TR(CO(R, 360 FOR Al=3 TO SQR(A)STEP 2
LR)))=.'DWVO :IF A/A1=INT(A/A1)THEN RETURN'MQVO
180 C=MA:F=.:GOTO 20'DJIH 365 NEXT:A1=0:RETURN'DFPK
185 FOR 1=1 TO N:TJ=L(I) 370 PRINT"[CLEAR]";:REM DISPLAY
:SJ = SO(DI (12,1)) :GOSUB 270 PUZZLE'CPXK
:IF A1=.THEN 170'JLVV 375 FOR 1=1 TO R'DDML
190 TR(DI(12,1))=TJ:NEXT'CPJI 380 IF I=R THEN PRINT SPC(15-LR)LEFT$
192 FOR 1=1 TO R:IF TR(CO(I, (LNS,LR)'HPEN
LEN(RW$(I))))=.THEN 165'HBJQ 385 PRINT SPC(15-LEN(RW$(I)))RWS(I)
195 IF CL(I)=0 THEN 230'DJJM :NEXT:PRINT'GTIR
200 A=0:FOR A1=LEN(RW$(I))TO 1 STEP-1 390 FOR 1=0 TO NC:PRINT CS$(I):NEXT
:A=10*A+TR(CO(I,A1)):NEXT'LIUK :PRINT:RETURN'HOTN
202 IF CL(IJ>2 THEN 215'DJNB 395 REM DISPLAY SOLUTION'BPIQ
205 GOSUB 350:IF CL(I)+(A1>0)=1 THEN 400 PRINT SPC(ll)"SOLUTION NO."S
» r-* t~i t ki m c Df~* t Q \ " — — —* ■ — — — — ■
i JW (j b L 1 : PR IN 1 Id PL (?)
210 GOTO 165'BDLX "'EHFK
215 IF CL(I)>4 THEN 230'DJMF 405 PRINT SPC(9)"TIME SO FAR: "B$
220 B=INT(SQR(A)*A2):Al=3 :PRINT'DFOJ
:IF A=B*B THEN Al=4'KTUI 410 FOR 1=1 TO R:A1=LEN(RW$(I))'FOXF
225 IF CL(I)=A1 THEN 165'DKBH 415 IF I=R THEN PRINT SPC(13-LR)LEFTS
230 NEXT I:BS=TIS:S=S+1 (LNS,LR)SPC(15-LR)LEFTS(LN$,
;IF S=l THEN GOSUB 475:GOTO 235 LR)'KDIR
:REM SOLUTION'KFNM 420 PRINT SPC(13-A1)RW$(I)SPC(15-A1);
232 PRINT"... NEXT SOLUTION READY11; i
'FRUG
"BBDI 425 FOR A=A1 TO 1 STEP-1
233 IF P<4 THEN GOSUB 465'EFXF :PRINT CHR$(48+TR(CO{I,A)));
235 PRINT"[CLEAR]";:GOSUB 400 :NEXT'JXYP
:IF P THEN CMD P:GOSUB 400 430 PRINT:NEXT:PRINT'DCOD
:PRINT#P'HOHL 435 FOR 1=1 TO NM:PRINT"[SPACE2]
240 PRINT:PRINT"...BACK TO WORK "; "IN$ (I) ;:NEXT:PRINT'GOEN
'CCXF 440 PRINT11 u; :FOR 1=1 TO NM
245 TlS=B$:GOTO 165'CJFI :PRINT TR{I);:NEXT:PRINT'HPVJ
250 :'ABHB 445 PRINT:FOR 1=1 TO NC:PRINT CS$(I)
251 REM SUBROUTINES'BLQF :NEXT'GNBN
252 I=11BCSE 450 RETURN'BAQD
253 L(I)--1'CFPG 455 : 'ABHI
254 L (I)=L(I)+1:IF U(L(I))THEN IF 460 REM INPUT AND BEEP'BMOI
L{I)<9 THEN 254'HAOO 465 GOSUB 475:REM BEEP'CISM
255 IF L(I)=9 THEN IF U(9)THEN 470 WAIT 198,3:GET A$:PRINT A$;
259'FMEL :POKE 198,0'ESVL
256 U(L(I))=1:IF KN THEN 1=1+1 475 POKE 54296,15:FOR 1=1 TO 20:NEXT
:GOTO 253'HSKP :POKE 54296,0:RETURN'HXSS
257 RETURN'BAQI 490 :'ABHH
258 FOR I=N TO 1 STEP-1:U(L(I))=. 495 REM ENTER PUZZLE'BLVP
:IF L(I)<9 THEN 254'JWMT 500 GOSUB 900:GOTO 520'CHCB
259 NEXT:F=1:RETURN'DEWM 510 PRINT:PRINT"I'M NOT PROGRAMMED
260 :'ABHC FOR THAT!"'CBPI
265 REM CHECK CLUES'BKEK 520 CLR:DIM I,C,N,TJ,A,Al,SJ,R
270 A1=0:ON SJ-9 GOTO 275,275,280,290 t
:A2=1+2E-7'FBKK
295,300,305'EJIM 525 IF PEEK(828)THEN P=4:OPEN P,P'FLSL
275 A1=SJ+TJ+1 AND 1:RETURN'FJON 530 DIM L(ll) ,U(11) ,TR(10) ,DI (12,10) ,
280 IF TJ<3 THEN A1=TJ'EHTI RP(ll),CA(12),CO(11,11),SO(10),
285 RETURN'BAQJ RW$(11)'BRUQ
290 Al=l:RETURN'CEDH 535 DIM SX(20) ,ND(12) ,SL{20,10) ,
295 A1=ABS(3-ABS(TJ-5))=1:RETURN'HMGR CL(ll),CS$(30),SLS<20)'BVLR
300 A1=TJ:RETURN1CFMY

90 MARCH '87
64 USERS ONLY/ADDITION MASTER
735 A=CO(N,C):IF L(A)OR A=0 THEN
540 GOSUB 475'BDTE
750'FSAQ
542 PRINT"[GRAY3,DOWN]THERE MUST BE 740 IF RP(C)=0 THEN IF A=CO(R,
BETWEEN 3 AND 11 LINES,
OTHEN RP(C)=N:GOTO 750'IYRP
INCLUDING THE SUM."'BAGU 745 I=I+1:DI(C,I)=A:L{A)=1'ESUQ
545 INPUT"HOW MANY LINES (0 TO QUIT) 750 NEXT:ND(C)=I:IF L(CO(R,
";R:IF R=0 THEN RUN'FFWT C))OR RP{C)THEN 760'FBNP
550 IF R<3 OR R>11 THEM 510'FIVJ
755 L(CO(R,C))=1:SX(C)=1'CSCQ
555 PRINT:PRINT"ENTER EACH LINE 760 NEXT:IF LR>MA THEN IF L(CO(R,
SEPARATELY:":PRINT'DCLS LR))=0 THEN L(CO{R,LR))=1
560 FOR 1=1 TO R'DDMH
:SX(LR)=1'JMBV
565 INPUT RWS(I):IF LEN(RWS(I))>10 765 I=0:FOR C=l TO MA:A=CO(R,C)
THEN 510'FUWR :IF L(A)THEN 775'HYBV
570 IF LEN(RW$(I))=0 THEN 510'EMLL 770 I=I+1:DI(12,I)=A:L(A)=1'ETCO
575 NEXT:PRINT'CBJM 775 NEXT:ND(12)=I:C=1'DLRR
580 CSS(0)="NO LEADING ZEROS'"BGTN 800 GOSUB 110:REM SOLUTION'CMAG
585 LR=LEN(RW${R)):GOSUB 370'DOCR 810 B$=TI$:GOSUB 475:PRINT" TOTAL TIME
590 FOR 1=1 TO R B=LEN(RWS(I)) : "B$'DMHK
:IF I=R THEN 610'ITFR 815 IF P THEN CMD P:PRINT" TOTAL TIME
600 IF B=MA THEN A1=A1+1'FILF : "B$:PRINT#P'FHHQ
605 IF B>MA THEN A1=0:MA=B'FKTK 820 IF S THEN PRINT"[DOWN]
610 FOR N=l TO B :AS=LEFTS(RIGHTS(RW$
NO MORE SOLUTIONS":GOTO 520'EFTM
(I),N),1)'GUOJ 825 IF P THEN CMD P:GOSUB 375
615 IF ASC(AS)<65 THEN A=0:IN$(0)=A$ :PRINT" SORRY.. NO SOLUTION FOUND"
:L(0)-1:GOTO 635'ICXQ :PRINT#P'GJPV
620 FOR A=l TO 10:IF (A)=A$THEN
830 GOSUB 375:PRINT"SORRY.. NO
635'GQYJ
SOLUTION FOUND":GOTO 520'DIUP
625 IF INS(A)=""THEN IN$(A)=AS:NM=A 890 :'ABHL
:GOTO 635'GWOP 895 REM INSTRUCTIONS'BMRU
630 NEXT:NM=11'CFGF 900 PRINT" [CLEAR] "/'ADDITION PUZZLE"
635 CO(I,N)=A'BICK
640 NEXT N,I'BDSF :PRINT'DEJN
645 IF MA>LR OR LR>MA+1 THEN 510'GMNQ
905 PRINT"THIS PROGRAM SOLVES
650 PRINT"[DOWN2]I FOUND"NM"LETTERS ALPHAMETIC ADDITION PUZZLES OF
: [DOWN]11: IF NM<2 OR NM>10 THEN THIS TYPE:"'BANA
510'GNYQ 910 PRINT:PRINT"[SPACE3]WAS"
655 FOR 1=1 TO NM:PRINT" "IN$(I); :PRINT"[SPACE2]THAT"
:SO(I)=13:TR(I)=10:NEXT:PRINT'IFXW :PRINT"[SPACE3]ALL"'EDRL
660 IF LR=MA THEN 675'DHCJ 912 PRINT" ":PRINT" RIGHT"'CBVK
665 IF Al=l THEN SO(A)=12'EKHP 915 PRINT:PRINT"EACH LETTER STANDS
670 IF A1=0 THEN TR{A)=1:SO(A)=1 FOR A DIFFERENT DIGIT"'CBSV
:U(1)=1:L(A)=1:NC=1 920 PRINT"SIMPLY ENTER THE PUZZLE
:CS$(1)=IN$(A)+"MUST BE 1"'KUUA WHEN PROMPTED."'BAAQ
672 IF A1=0 THEN CSS(l)=IN$(A)+" MUST 925 PRINT"ALLOW SEVERAL MINUTES FOR
BE 1"'FPKR THE SOLUTION."'BAGV
675 GOSUB 1000:REM CLUES'CKVP 930 PRINT:PRINT"ANY CLUES YOU CAN
680 FOR 1=1 TO R:A=CO(I,LEN(RW$(I))) OFFER WILL SPEED THE"'CBDR
:IF SO(A)=13 THEN SO(A)=15'JJOV 935 PRINT"PROCESS.[SPACE2]
685 IF SO(A)=0 THEN PRINT CS$(0) IN THIS EXAMPLE, R MUST BE 1;
:PRINT INS(A)" CAN'T BE ZERO!" 11 'BADV
:GOTO 510'GXCA 940 PRINT"IT IS GIVEN THAT 'WAS' MUST
690 NEXT'BAEJ BE SQUARE."'BAFR
695 GOSUB 370'BDNP 950 PRINT"[DOWN]USING A PRINTER?
700 PRINT"[WHITE]PLEASE ALLOW A FEW Y/N"'BABO
MINUTES.[DOWN]"'BATI 955 GOSUB 465:PRINT"[CLEAR]"'CEVP
705 PRINT"1[SPACE2]PROCEED"'BAUJ 960 IF A$O"Y"THEN POKE 828,0
710 PRINT"2[SPACE2]CANCEL"'BAIE :RETURN'GICO
715 GOSUB 465:IF A$="2"THEN 520fEJUL 965 PRINT:PRINT"ENTER THE DATE {NO
720 IF ASO"1"THEN 695'EFIG COMMAS)":INPUT AS'DEFX
725 TIS="000000":PRINT"[DOWN] 970 POKE 828,4:OPEN 4,4'CJGN
THINKING...[DOWN]"'CEBO 975 PRINT#4,CHRS(14)"**ADDITION
730 FOR C=l TO MA:I=0:FOR N=l TO R-l MASTER** "AS'CIKW
:IF OLEN(RW$(N) ) THEN 750'MATR

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 91
 64 USERS ONLY/ADDITION MASTER
:"'CHIG
980 RETURN'BAQL 1370 PRINT:PRINT"1 PRIME?"
990 :'ABHM :PRINT"2 NOT PRIME?"'DCXK
995 REM GET CLUES'BIJT 1380 PRINT"3 SQUARE?":PRINT"4 NOT
1000 PRINT:PRINT"CAN YOU OFFER ANY SQUARE?"'CBLL
CLUES? Y/N"'CBUB 1390 PRINT"5 ODD?":PRINTH6 EVEN?i"CBOJ
1010 CSS(21)="PRIME":CSS(22) = "NOT 1400 PRINT"PRESS A NUMBER."'BAUB
PRIME":CS$(23)="SQUARE"'DXWG 1410 GOSUB 465:B=VAL(A$)
1020 CS$(24)="NOT SQUARE" :IF B=0 OR B>6 THEN 1090'ISIH
:CSS (26) ="EVEN":CSS(27) =I1ODD" 1420 I=CO(A,1):NC=NC+1:IF B<5 THEN
:CS$(28)="1 OR 2"'EGEK 1440'GVUH
1030 GOSUB 465:IF A$="N"THEN 1430 CSS(NC)=RW$(A)+" IS "+CS$(32-B)
RETURN'FGOA :TJ=16-B:AS=IN$(I):GOTO 1140 'IQWP
1040 GOSUB 370:PRINT:PRINT"PRESS THE 1440 CL(A)=B:CS$(NC)=RW$(A)+" IS
LETTER THE CLUE IS FOR.'"DFKI "+CSS(B+20)'FDJL
1050 PRINT"TO SPECIFY A LINE, 1450 IF LEN(RW$(A))<=8 THEN 1460'FNNI
PRESS THE SPACE BAR:'"BAEI 1455 CL(A)=0:PRINT"I CAN'T ENSURE
1060 GOSUB 470:IF AS = " "THEN 1350'EKWD THAT":CSS(NC)=CS$(NC)+ "??"'EWTU
1070 FOR 1=1 TO NM:IF IN$(I)=ASTHEN 1460 IF LEN(RW$(A))=1 THEN 1320'ENCI
1100'GRIH 1470 ON B GOTO 1490,1320,1530,
1080 NEXT'BAEB 13201CUDJ
1090 PRINT A$"???":GOTO 1330'CHVF 1480 :(ABHF
1100 PRINT:PRINT"PRESS THE VALUE OF 1490 SO=SO(I)+1'CIGJ
THE LETTER '"AS"1, OR...'"CDQF 1495 ON SO GOTO 505,1320,510,1320,510,
1110 PRINT"A[SPACE2] IF EVEN11 510,510,1320,510,1320,510,1510,
:PRINT"B[SPACE2]IF ODD" 1570(CJYX
:PRINT"C[SPACE2]IF IT COULD BE 1 1500 IF SO(I)-16 THEN 5101DKDC
OR 2"'DCAH 1510 SO(I)=14:GOTO 1320'CMTC
1120 WAIT 198,3:GET B$:TJ=ASC(BS) 1520 :'ABHA
-48+7*(B$>"9")'IWHG 1530 ON SO(I)+1 GOTO 1320,1320,510,
1130 IF TJ<0 OR TJ>12 THEN 1090(FLWC 510,1320,1320,1320,510,510,1320,
1140 SJ=SO(I):IF TJ<10 THEN 1230'EQKE 1320'DGUN
1150 IF SJ<10 THEN PRINT A$" IS"SJ 1540 ON SO(I)-10 GOTO 1320,1570,1550,
:GOTO 1330'FNWF 510'DARI
1160 ON SJ-9 GOTO 1170,1180,1190,1310, 1550 SO{I)=16:GOTO 1320'CMVG
1200,1310,12101DMSJ 1560 i'ABHE
1170 ON TJ-9 GOTO 1090,510,1580'DQIG 1570 A=1:GOTO 15901CHGH
1180 ON TJ-9 GOTO 510,1090,15701DQHH 1580 A=2!BCLH
1190 ON TJ-9 GOTO 1590,1570,1090'DROI 1590 SO(I)=A:TR(I)=A:U(A)=1:L(I)=1
1200 ON TJ-9 GOTO 510,1310,1570'DQCA CNC^NC+I'GGOS
1210 ON TJ-9 GOTO 1310,1310,1570'DRYB 1600 CS$(NC)=IN$(I)+" MUST BE"+STR$(A)
1230 IF SJ=TJ THEN 1090'DIHB :GOTO 12801FVPI
1240 IF SJ<10 THEN 510 DHUC 1990 :'ABHL
1250 GOSUB 270:IF Al-0 THEN 510'EKXE 1995 REM TITLE SCREEN'BLIT
1260 NC = NC+1:CSS(NC)=IN$(I)+" MUST 2000 POKE 54273,50:POKE 54278,243
BE"+STRS(TJ)!GXSM :POKE 54276,33'DCFB
1270 U(TJ)=1:L(I)=1:TR(I)=TJ 2010 POKE 53269,0:POKE 53281,0'CPSY
:SO(I)=TJ(EDKL 2020 PRINT"[CLEAR,L. RED,RVS,SPACE6]
1280 FOR N=l TO NM:IF I=N THEN * * * ADDITION[SPACE2]
1300'GLFJ MASTER * * *[SPACE6,L. BLUE]
1290 IF TJ=SO(N)THEN PRINT "'BAZG
:PRINT INS(I)" & "IN$(N)" CAN'T 2030 PRINT:PRINT"BY IAN ADAM1MCBIB
BOTH BE"TJ:GOTO 510'GBRR 2040 PRINT:PRINT"WOULD YOU LIKE:"'CBJD
1300 NEXT:GOTO 1320fCFLX 2050 PRINT:PRINT"1. ADDITION
1310 SO{I)=TJ:NC=NC+1:CS$(NC)= INS (I) PUZZLE"'CBFF
+" MUST BE "+CS$ (TJ+16) 'HLYM 2060 PRINT"2. PRIME NUMBERS"!BAXE
1320 PRINT:PRINT CS$(NC)'CIIB 2070 PRINT"3. SQUARES1"BAUE
1330 PRINT"ANY MORE CLUES? Y/N" 2080 PRINT:PRINT"0. END"'CBWE
-.GOTO 1030'CFJG 2090 GOSUB 465'BDSE
1340 :'ABHA 2100 ON VAL(A$)GOTO 500 , 2500,3000'DRMA
1350 PRINT:INPUT"LINE NUMBER";A 2110 END'BACV
:IF A<1 OR A>R THEN 1090'HMLL 2490 :!ABHH
1360 PRINT:PRINT RWS(A)" - IS IT Continued on />#. I2H

92 MARCH '87
64 USERS ONLY BY PALI. G. MUIYANEY III

•H
ITM
for the
Commodore 64 Let your
Commodore 64
there I was, on die road to Galway ge)terate Irish
to buy a few holograms and maybe a pint
(or was it die other way around?) when
jigs and reels.
along comes this wee feller, a real micro
chip off the ol' sod he was, bein' all doin' for my amusement," the little man "You could progress over die hills and far
dressed in a fine green suit so he looked cackled, "so I'll have to be given you all of away if lines 46-49 didn't keep the lid on
like Michael Jackson, but with a red them!" die pot. line 19 keeps all these rules
bowler set askew on his head, oh. maybe "Are you tellin' me then that this pro from befuddlin' the computer with end
17 degrees or so. gram will generate all the jigs and reels less loops. Line 54's die piper, playin' die
And this is no lie—he sa\-s to meself, there are?" And 1 was hopin' by now the tune mice dorough. and 71-85 set the
he says, "Och! You've seen me now, you answer to that one wasn't another wish! SID. the arrow meanin' "in die second oc
big devil, and I'll have to grant you three But he was lost in elfin thought by now tave,' with two arrows for die high "d."
wishes!"—not that I believed him for a and didn't seem to notice. Ho!"
moment, for this is the computer age. "At line 10 you pick jigs, which have 8 "At 113 you may print die note list—
Bugs I know of—but the wee folk? bars of 6 Vb notes, or reels, which have H much as the good people of Erin teach
"Tell me," inquires yer servant, "if of H. At line 24, die last note is set into a their young to play die whistle to this
you'd be a leprechaun chord suggested by the Vz-way to the last very day, by die names of die notes. Easi
"Heck yes!" says he, only not so polite note; it can be die same, or a third or a er for die non-musicians and all diat. You
ly, "and don't be wastin' any more wish fifth apart, or even an octave. Line 29 just can leave off die REMs, or put in what
es—that was your first" makes bars 5 and 6 repeat bars 1 and 2— ever you wish."
Well, I could see now that caution was a lot of old tunes do diis. lines 32-34 pre "Well diat's all very nice," says me, "but
the watchword with these elfin folk, so I vent any Intervals larger dian a fifth—un what I want to know is—WHERE IS THE
tries to be cute: "Give me a tune" I say, less you'd be jumpin" octaves on me, lad." POT OF GOLD!"
knowin' full well he hadn't a fiddle or tin- "Not I," I stammered, but he went on. Widi diis he throws die disk skyward,
whistle. Surely, that would test him, if he "line 37—if it takes 3 or so notes to and all I hear is "It's where the disk
were real or not. Well, fast as a bill after chord, and you'd be ha\1n' a chord one lands!" Well, I couldn't let it land on the
Christmas, he reaches into his waistcoat of even- 5 or so times, well most of die ground, could I? So I dives at it and
and pulls out a floppy disk and a listing! notes will start to sound like chord pro caught it right enough, but when I
"You didn't even have the daycency to gressions." turned around, he was gone.
specify the toitle of da tune nor make "The hills are alive." I ventured. Don't ever take your eyes off a lepre
mention of the son of dance vou'd be "Quiet and listen!" he screams, so I did chaun. Q|

10 GET 1$: IF IS-"J"GOTO 14'EHRB

Before typing this program, read "Haw to Enter Programs" and "How to Use the Magazine
11 IF I$="R"GOT0 13'DEIA
Entry Program." The BASIC programs in diis maguine ire available on disk from Loadstar.
P.O. Box 3000"*. Srtrcveport. LA "1130-0007.1-8O0-83I-26H 12 GOTO 10'BCIY
13 DIM NT(8,8): S=8:T$="RAND0M REELS"
: GOTO 15'EQEJ
14 DIM NT(8,6):S=6:T$="RAND0M
ITM
JIG#"'DNLI
2 PRINT"[CLEAR] '" BATB 15 Z=Z+1:PRINT"[SHFT *38]"
3 FOR CL=54272 TO 54296:POKE CL,0 :PRINT T$ ;Z'EJDK
:NEXT CL:REM CLEAR SONIC 16 FOR B=l TO 8'DDEF
ADRESSES'GODO 17 FOR N=l TO S'DDSG
4 PRINT "[SPACE8]RANDOM TRADITIONAL 18 REM *********'BJJH
TUNES"'BAVK 19 KL=0:REM PREVENTS ENDLESS LOOP'CXBO
5 PRINT"[SPACES]"'BANE 20 KL-KL+1:IF KL=25 THEN 16'FMLE
6 PRINT"[SPACE6]"'BANF 21 NT(B,N)=INT{RND(0)*15+l)
7 PRINT" [SPACES] '"BANG :IF B*N<8*S THEN GOTO 29
8 PRINT"[SPACE13]TYPE PREFERENCE :REM NOTE GENERATOR & LAST'MQWR
: "'BATM 22 REM *********'BJJC
9 PRINT"[SPACE11]JIGS(J) OR 23 REM LINES24-26 PUT LAST NOTE IN
REELS (R) '"BAIN TONIC CHORD'BIKK

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 93
 64 USERS ONLY/ITM
24 IF NT(8,S)=NT(4,S)OR ABS(NT{8, :PRINT N$,'DTFI
S)-NT(4,S))=2 OR ABS(NT(8,S)-NT (4 , 62 IF N/S=INT(N/S)THEN
S)}=4 THEN 32'LAXU PRINT"
25 IF ABS(NT(8,S)-NT(4, ":GOTO 64'IJGS

S))=7 THEN 32'FTEK 63 IF 2*N/S=INT(2*N/S)THEN

26 GOTO 20'BCJE PRINT"
27 REM *********'BJJH ."'JIEU
28 REM LINE 29 REPEATS OPENING 64 FOR QT=1 TO 15:NEXT QT
THEME'BAJN :POKE 54276,16'FRXM
29 NT(5,N)=NT(1,N):NT(6,N)=NT(2, 65 NEXT N'BBHH
N) 'CEGP 66 NEXT B'BBUI
30 REM *********'BJJB 67 NEXT TW'BCTK
31 REM LINES 32-34 DISALLOW HUGE 68 GOSUB 114'BDJL
INTERVALS OTHER THAN OCTAVES'BWFO 69 GOTO 15'BCNL
32 IF ABS(NT(B,N)-NT(B, 70 REM *** NOTE ASSIGNMENTS ***'BVNJ
N-l))=7 THEN 50'GUHJ 71 N$="D":H=9:L-104:GOTO 60'ENDJ
33 KL=KL+1:IF KL=25 THEN 16 72 N$="E":H=10:L=143:GOTO 60'EOWK
:REM ANTILOCK'GVQL 73 N$="F#":H=11:L=218:GOTO 60'EOHM
34 IF ABS(NT(B,N)-NT(B, 74 N$="G":H=12:L=143:GOTO 60'EOBM
N-l))>4 GOTO 20'GUUL 75 N$="A":H=14:L=24:GOTO 60'ENWN
35 REM******************************* 76 N§="B":H=15:L=210:GOTO 60'EOTO
**'BIXJ 77 N$="C#":H=17:L=195:GOTO 60'EOOQ
36 REM LINES 37-43 CREATE CHORDS 20% 78 N$="D[A]":H=18:L=209:GOTO 60'EOVR
OF THE TIME'BJUO 79 N0="E[A]":H=21:L=31:GOTO 60lENLS
37 IF N=S GOTO 50'DEDI 80 N$="F#["]":H-23:L=181:GOTO 60'EOEK
38 IF NT(B,N)=1 GOTO 102'DLGL 81 N$="G["]":H=25:L=30:GOTO 60'ENQL
39 IF NT{B,N)=15 GOTO 107'DMOM 82 N$="Ap] ":H = 28:L = 49:GOTO 60'ENXM
40 NQ=INT(RND{0)*30+l):ON NQ GOTO 50, 83 N$="B[*]":H=31:L=165:GOTO 60'EOPN
50,50,50,50/50,50,50,50'HORM 84 N$="C#[*1":H-35:L=134:GOTO 60'EOCO
41 ON NQ-9 GOTO .88,90,92,94,96,98'DUKH 85 N$="D[~2]":H=37:L=162:GOTO 60'EOPP
42 ON NQ-15 GOTO 50,50,50,50,50,50,50, 86 REM ********'BIWL
50'DCMJ 87 REM 6 WAYS TO PLAY A DIATONIC
43 ON NQ-23 GOTO 50,50,50,50,50,50, CHORD, CHOSEN RANDOMLY AT LINE
50'DYWJ 41'BXGA
88 NT(B,N)=NT(B,N-1)+2'DQYR
**'BIXJ 89 NT(B,N+1)=NT(B,N)+2:GOTO 46'ETST
45 REM LINES46-49 KEEP CHORD 90 NT(B,N)=NT(B,N-1)+4'DQBK
PROGRESSIONS IN RANGE OF 91 NT(B,N+1)=NT(B,N)-2:GOTO 46'ETTM
TINWHISTLE (&ARRAYI)'BJMW 92 NT(B,N)=NT(B,N-1)+2'DQYM
46 IF NT(B,N)>15 THEN NT (B,N)=NT(B, 93 NT(B,N+1)=NT(B,N)-4:GOTO 46'ETVO
N)-7tFYIO 94 NT(B,N)=NT(B,N-1)-2'DQAO
47 IF NT(B,N)<1 THEN NT(B,N)=NT(B, 95 NT(B,N+1)-NT(B,N)+4:GOTO 46'ETUQ
N)+7'FXGP 96 NT(B,N)=NT(B,N-1)-2'DQAQ
48 IF NT(B,N+1)<1 THEN NT(B,N+l)=NT(B, 97 NT(B,N+1)-NT(B,N)-2:GOTO 46'ETTS
N+l)+7'IBUT 98 NT(B,N)=NT(B,N-1)-4'DQCS
49 IF NT(B,N+1)>15 THEN NT(B, 99 NT(B,N+1)=NT(B,N)+2:GOTO 46'ETSU
N+l)=NT(B,N+l)-7'ICWU 100 REM ********'BIWV
50 NEXT N'BBHB 101 REM SPECIAL CASES FOR "D"
51 NEXT B'BBUC CHORDS'BVMC
52 rem******************************* 102 IF N>(S-2)GOTO 50'EHXA
*'BHGI 103 QN=INT(RND(0)*10+l)
53 REM LINES 54-67 PLAY TUNE 2X'BUJK :ON QN GOTO 50,50,50,50,50'HCXI
54 FOR TW=1 TO 2'DEDH 104 ON QN-5 GOTO 50,50,50,105,106'DTOE
55 FOR B=l TO 8'DDEI 105 NT(B,N+1)=NT(B,N)+2
56 FOR N=l TO S'DDSJ :MT(B,N+2)=NT(B,N)+4:GOTO 50'HLRM
57 ON NT(B,N)GOTO 71, 72,73,74,75'CVNN 106 NT(B,N+1)=NT(B,N)+4
58 ON NT(B,N)-5 GOTO 76,77,78,79, :NT(B,N+2)=NT(B,N)+2:GOTO 50'HLRN
8 0'DWWP 107 IF N>(S-2)GOTO 50'EHXF
59 ON NT(B,N)-10 GOTO 81,82,83,84, 108 QQ=INT(RND(0)*10+1)
85'DXFQ :ON QQ GOTO 50,50,50,50,50'HCDN
60 POKE 54296,15:POKE 54277,136 109 ON QQ-5 GOTO 50,50,50,110,111'DTJJ
:POKE 54278,136:POKE 54276,17'EMYL 110 NT(B,N+1)=NT(B,N}-4
61 POKE 54273,HrPOKE 54272,L :NT(B,N+2)=NT{B,N)-2:GOTO 50'HLTI

94 MARCH '87
 64 USERS ONLY/ITM
in NT(B,N+l)=NT(B,N)-2 130 IF N/S=INT(N/S)THEN PRINT#4,
:NT (B,N + 2}-NT(B,N) 4:GOTO 50'HLTJ n

112 REM ********'BIWY —":GOTO 133'IMSL

113 REM PRINTER OPTION WITH TIMER 131 IF 2*N/S=INT(2*N/S)THEN PRINT#4,
LOOP'BBFH " [SPACE34] "'JKVL
114 IF S=6 GOTO ll&'DFFC 132 IF 2*N/S=INT(2*N/S)THEN PRINT#4,
115 IF S=8 THEN PRINT"PRINTOUT THIS ii

FINE REEL?":GOTO 117'FGFM . ."'JKTO

116 PRINT" PRINTOUT THIS LOVELY 133 IF N*B=S*8 GOTO 151'FHHF
JIG?'"BAXJ 134 NEXT N'BBHC
117 PRINT"ANSWER 'Y'(YES) OR 'N1(NO)" 135 NEXT B'BBUD
:FOR ZT=1 TO 1000'EION 136 N$="D":GOTO 128'CGXG
118 GET P$:IF P$="N" GOTO 152'EILI 137 N$="E":GOTO 128'CGYH
119 IF P$="Y" GOTO 122'DFPI 138 N5 = "F#1!:GOTO 128'CGLI
120 NEXT ZT'BCWX 139 N$="G":GOTO 128'CGBJ
121 GOTO 152'BDHY 140 N$="A":GOTO 128'CGUB
122 OPEN 4,4:PRINT#4,CHR$(14);TS;Z; 141 NS="B":GOTO 128'CGVC
CHR$(15)'EUBF 142 N$="C#":GOTO 128'CGID
123 FOR B=l TO 8'DDEC 143 N$ = "D[~] "'.GOTO 128'CGMF
124 FOR N=l TO S'DDSD 144 N$="E[A]":GOTO 128'CGNG
125 ON NT(B,N) GOTO 136,137,138,139, 145 N$="F#["]":GOTO 128'CGAH
140'CBXI 146 N$«"G[*]":GOTO 128'CGPI
126 ON NT(B,N)-5 GOTO 141,142,143,144, 147 N$="A[*]":GOTO 128'CGJJ
145'DCFK 148 N$="B[*]":GOTO 128'CGKK
127 ON NT(B,N)-10 GOTO 146,147,148, 149 NS="C#["]":GOTO 128'CGWL
149,150'DDPL 150 N$="D[*2]":GOTO 128'CGHD
128 PRINT#4,N$,'BFYG 151 CLOSE 4'BBLB
129 IF N/S=INT(N/S)THEN PRINT#4," 152 RETURN'BAQC
[SPACE34]"'HIOQ END

•SPECIAL*
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256K Expansion Module
STOP HERE
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1-800-423-7347 STARFLITE* P. 0. Box 685

AMIGA is a trademark of Commodore-Amiga Inc.
Prices subject 1o change Telemarketing Nitro.WV 25143
 64 USERS ONLY BY TERRY M II ROW N

die Novice code test as well as the Gen

CW Trainer eral or Advanced code test (13 wpm ).

This program is great for anyone wishing
to learn Morse Code, and will especially
for the come in handy for scouts, military per

Commodore 64 sonnel and radio technicians.

How to Use This Program

T\pe in the program exacdy as shown.
M. he International Morse Code is a spe When the program is t>pcd in correctly
cial type of language that radio amateur and run, the introductory screen is
operators use to communicate with peo shown and then a menu is displayed
ple throughout the world. It is affection Choose an item from the menu. Please
ately known as CW. an abbreviation for Use this program to note from the menu that you may prac
continuous wave. You must pass a test in tice certain groups of letters, numbers,
train for the Morse Code
receiving C\V in order to obtain an ama punctuation, or all of diem.
teur radio license from the Federal Com portion of the amateur You will then be prompted to choose
munications Commission. Along with die speed at which you wish to receive
the code test, you must pass a multiple radio license test. code. After this information is inserted,
choice examination. you have five seconds to prepare yourself
This program helps you learn CW so English message and test you on your before code practice actually begins. Ini
that the code-receiving test will be easier. comprehension of the message. A pass tially you may wish to view die letter as
What do you get by passing the test? You ing grade is 70%. it is shown on die screen while die code
get the ability to "talk" to other radio I highly recommend that people inter is played dirough your TV or monitor
amateurs in this country; as well as any ested in studying Morse Code get some speaker. Later, you will want to get a
other country in the world! Amateur ra sort of text or written material so that die sheet of paper and cop}" down die code
dio is a great deal of fun. basic differences between die code for as it is sounded and check it against the
Traditionally, the code test for Novice different letters can be examined. Two letters on die screen after each session.
license consisted of 25 five-letter groups recommended texts are published by the Each practice session lasts for two
sent at a rate of five words per minute. To Amateur Radio Relay League (ARRL) minutes regardless of code speed. Code-
pass this code test, you were expected to called The Radio Amateur's License speeds of 2 to 15 words per minute arc
copy accurately at least 25 consecutive Manual and Tune in the World with allowed for in the program. Code speeds
letters (equal to one minute). A volunteer Hani Radio. faster dian 15 words per minute produce
examiner may send a five-minute plain This program will help train you for unintelligible code. a

Before nping this program, read "How io Enter Programs" and "How lo Use the Magazine MINUTE""BAN I
Entry Program." The BASIC programs in this magazine are available on disk from Loadstar, 800 INPUT"[DOWN3,RIGHT5]
P.O.'Box 3000" Shrtvepon. \A "1130400:. 1-800431-2694. WHAT CODE SPEED DO YOU WISH?";
CW Trainer SPEED'BGRM
900 NUMBER=INT(SPEED*10.)'DQTJ
100 DIM Nl(50) ,CW$(50) ,DUR(50,6) , 910 IF SPEED>4 THEN 950'DJMI
BB(510)'BHHC 920 SS=4:TS=45:SU=2800:GOTO 1000'EUFM
150 POKE 53281,6:POKE 53280,11 950 IF SPEED>10 THEN 980'DKKM
:POKE 646,15'DXUG 960 SS=6:TS=65:SU=1000:GOTO 1000'EUAQ
160 SP$ = " '"BDCC 980 SS=5:TS=60:SU=1250'DPAQ
200 GOSUB 60000'BFFW 1000 GOSUB 3500'BEJT
300 GOSUB 6000'BEHX 1050 POKE 53280,11:POKE 53281,11
400 FOR L=54272 TO 54296:POKE L,0 :POKE 646,15'DYOE
:NEXT L'FRCE 1100 PRINT"[CLEAR,DOWN3,RIGHT3]
500 S=54272:POKE S+5,15:POKE S+24,15 GET READY—CODE PRACTICE BEGINS
:POKE S+6,40'HAWI IN[SPACE12]5 SECONDS"'BAOI
600 POKE S+21,57:POKE S+22,100 1200 FOR TT=1 TO 2000:NEXT TT'EKNY
:POKE S+23,8'GUVI 1250 GOSUB 1400'BEGB
650 PRINT"[CLEAR,RIGHT4] 1260 PRINT CHR$(13);"WOULD YOU LIKE
EACH PRACTICE SESSION LASTS TO PRACTICE AGAIN (Y/N)'"CFGN
FOR"'BAQP 1270 INPUT ANS$:IF ANSS="Y" GOTO
660 PRINT"[RIGHT13]TWO MINUTES."'BAML 300'EMAH
700 PRINT"[DOWN3,RIGHT] 1280 IF ANSS="N" GOTO 4900'DIGG
SUGGESTED CODE SPEEDS ARE FROM 2 1290 IF ANS$O"N" GOTO 1270'EIAI
TO 15"'BAJL 1310 REM'BARW
710 PRINT"[RIGHT12JWORDS PER 1320 REM -- SOUND AND LETTER ROUTINE

96 MARCH'87
64 USERS ONLY/CW TRAINER
—'BAXF 6000 REM'BARX
1400 REM'BARW 6040 REM—MENU SUBROUTINE'BQUH
1450 POKE 53280,11:POKE 53281,11 6080 REM'BARG
:POKE 646,12'DYLI 6085 POKE 53280,0:POKE 53281,0
1500 FOR IA=1 TO NUMBER'DJPC :POKE 646,12'DWLR
1600 IB=BB(IA) :PRINT CWS(IB) ;SP$; 'CVTF 6090 PRINT"[CLEAR,DOWN,RIGHT16]MENU
1700 FOR IC=1 TO N1(IB)'DJND :'"BAEL
1750 GET X$:IF X$="[F7] 6100 PRINT"[DOWN,RIGHTS]
"THEN GOSUB 6000'FJVK CHOOSE FROM AN ITEM BELOW:"'BAEH
1800 FOR ID=1 TO 7*DUR(IB, 6110 FOR 1=1 TO 2500:NEXT I'EIDE
IC)*SS/SPEED'GVCK 6120 PRINT"[RIGHT2]1. PRACTICE ON
1900 POKE S,31:POKE S+1,21:POKE S + 3,8 LETTERS: A,E,I,M,N,T":PRINT'CBFL
:POKE S + 2,0:POKE S + 4 ,65:NEXT'KCEO 6140 PRINT"[RIGHT2]2. PRACTICE ON
2000 FOR ID = 1 TO TS/SPEED:POKE S+4,64 LETTERS: D,G,K,O,R":PRINT'CBPN
:NEXT ID'HTID 6160 PRINT"[RIGHT2]3. PRACTICE ON
2100 NEXT IC'BCOV LETTERS: B,S,U,W":PRINT'CBVO
2200 FOR IC=1 TO SU/SPEED:NEXT IC'FNLC 6180 PRINT"[RIGHT2]4. PRACTICE ON
2300 NEXT IA'BCMX LETTERS: C,F,H,J":PRINT'CBJQ
2350 RETURN'BAQC 6200 PRINT"[RIGHT2]5. PRACTICE ON
2810 REM'BARD LETTERS: L,P,Q,V":PRINT'CBAJ
2820 REM SUBROUTINE TO READ DATA 6220 PRINT"[RIGHT2]6. PRACTICE ON
TABLES'BBAM LETTERS: X,Y,Z":PRINT'CBYL
2840 REM'BARG 6240 PRINT"[RIGHT2]7. PRACTICE ON
2900 FOR 1=1 TO 42'DEHF NUMBERS: 1 THROUGH 5":PRINT'CBWO
3000 READ N1(I),CW$(I)'BMKX 6260 PRINT"[RIGHT2]8. PRACTICE ON
3100 FOR J-l
TO N1(I)'DHGY NUMBERS: 6 THROUGH 0":PRINT'CBXQ
3200 READ DUR(I,J)'BIEY 6280 PRINT"[RIGHT2]9. PRACTICE ON
3300 NEXT J:NEXT I'CDIY PUNCTUATION:[SPACE2]PERIOD,"
3400 RETURNrBAQY :PRINT'CBET
3510 REM'BARB 6290 PRINT"[RIGHT5JC0MMA, ? MARK,
3520 REM RANDOM NOTE GENERATION SLASH, GOOF (ERROR)":PRINT'CBYT
SUBRUTINE'BEAL 6300 PRINT"[RIGHT]10. RANDOM PRACTICE
3540 REM'BARE ON ALL OF THE ABOVE"'BATL
3600 FOR 1=1 TO NUMBER'DIAF 6320 PRINT"[RIGHT]11. QUIT FOR NOW"
3700 BB(I)=INT(RND(0) *NR) +SWF0CI :PRINT'CBNI
3800 NEXT I'BBCD 6340 INPUT"WHICH DO YOU WANT";SV'BDUL
3900 RETURN'BAQE 6360 ON SV GOTO 6400,6450,6500,6550,
3920 REM'BARG 6600,6650,6700,6750,6800,6850,
4000 REM DATA FOR CHARACTERS'BRLB 4900'CGNT
4040 REM'BARA 6400 SW=1:SX=6:NR=6:GOSUB 3500
4100 DATA 1,E,1,2,I,1,1,1,T,3,2,M,3,3, :GOTO 400'FUCK
2,A,1,3,2,N,3,1'BSAF 6450 SW=7:SX=11:NR=5:GOSUB 3500
4200 DATA 3,D,3,1,1,3,G,3,3,1,3,K,3,1, :GOTO 400'FVAP
3,3,O,3,3,3,3,R,1,3,1'BYKI 6500 SW=12:SX=15:NR=4:GOSUB 3500
4250 DATA 3,S,1,1,1,3,U,1,1,3,3,W,1,3, :GOTO 400'FWWL
3,4I-B,3,1,X,1IBQIL 6550 SW=16:SX=19:NR=4:GOSUB 3500
4300 DATA 4,C,3,1,3,1,4,F,1,1,3,1,4,H, :GOTO 400'FWFQ
1,1,1,1,4,J,1,3,3,3'BWAI 6600 SW=20:SX=23:NR=4:GOSUB 3500
4350 DATA 4,L,1,3,1,1,4,P,1,3,3,1,4,0, :GOTO 400'FWUM
3,3,1,3,4,V,1,1,1,3'BWRN 6650 SW=24:SX=26:NR=3:GOSUB 3500
4400 DATA 4,X,3,1,1,3,4,Y,3,1,3,3,4,Z, :GOTO 400'FWBR
3,3,1,1,5,1,1,3,3,3,3,5'BBDK 6700 SW=27:SX=31:NR=5:GOSUB 3500
4500 DATA 2,1,1,3,3,3,5,3,1,1,1,3,3,5, :GOTO 400'FWCN
4,1,1,1,1,3,5,5,1,1,1,1,1'BDVL 6750 SW=32:SX=36:NR=5:GOSUB 3500
4600 DATA 5,6,3,1,1,1,1,5,7,3,3,1,1,1, :GOTO 400'FWDS
5,8,3,3,3,1,1,5,9,3,3,3,3,1, 6800 SW=37:SX=41:NR=5:GOSUB 3500
5'BHIN :GOTO 400'FWEO
4700 DATA 0,3,3,3,3,3,6,PERIOD,1,3,1, 6850 SW=1:SX=41:NR=41:GOSUB 3500
3,1,3,6,COMMA,3,3,1,1,3,3,6'BEPO :GOTO 400'FWUT
4800 DATA ? MARK,1,1,3,3,1,1,5,SLASH, 60000 REM'BARV
3,1,1,3,1,6,GOOF,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 60010 REM—SUBRUTINE TO INITIALIZE
" ",0'BJGQ SCREEN AND START PROGRAM'BTTE
4900 END'BACF 60030 REM'BARY

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 97
 64 USERS ONLY/CW TRAINER
61250 SPEED=7'BGOA
61000 PRINT"[CLEAR,DOWN2,RIGHT6]
61260 FOR 1=1 TO NUMBER'DIAD
MORSE CODE TRAINING
61280 READ BB(I)'BFOC
PROGRAM1" BAMA
61300 NEXT I'BBCA
61020 PRINT"[DOWN2,RIGHT11]
61400 FOR L=54272 TO 54296:POKE L,0
BY TERRY M. BROWN'"BAFF
:NEXT L'FRCB
61060 PRINT"[DOWN6J";SPC(25);"[BLACK,
61500 S=54272:POKE S+5,15:POKE S+24,15
CMDR 19]"'CFVF
:POKE S+6,40'HAWF
61080 PRINT SPC{29);"[RVS] [RVOFF]
61600 POKE S+21,57:POKE S+22,100
'"CEKB
:POKE S+23,8'GUVF
61100 PRINT SPC(12);"[RVS,SHFT POUND, 61650 PRINT"[D0WN2]";SPC(10);■CFVE
SPACE19,RVOFF]"'CEFD
61700 FOR IA=1 TO NUMBER'DJPC
61120 PRINT SPC(8);"[RVS,CMDR F,
61800 IB=BB(IA):PRINT CW$(IB);'CRRE
CMDR D,RVOFF,SPACE2,RVS,SPACE3, 61900 FOR IC = 1 TO Nl (IB) 'DJND
RVOFF,SPACE10,CMDR *,SHFT POUND]
61950 IF DUR(IB,IC)=0 THEN 62400'DQRK
"'CDWB 62000 FOR ID-1 TO 7*DUR(IB,
61140 PRINT"[RED,CMDR POUND8,BLACK, IC)*6/SPEED'GUVA
RVS,CMDR V,CMDR C,RVOFF] [RVS, 62100 POKE S,31:POKE S+1,21:POKE S+3,8
SHFT POUND,SPACE3,CMDR *,RVOFF, :POKE S+2,0:POKE S+4,65
SPACE9,RVS,SHFT POUND,CMDR *, rNEXT'KCEF
RVOFF]"'BAWK 62200 FOR ID=1 TO 50/SPEED:POKE S+4,64
61160 PRINT SPC(7);"[RVS,SPACE25, :NEXT ID'HTXC
RVOFF]"'CDID 62300 NEXT IC'BCOC
61180 PRINT11 [YELLOW,DOWN,RIGHT13] 62400 FOR IC=1 TO 2500/SPEED
MORSE CODE KEY"'BABG :NEXT IC'FPRC
61200 GOSUB 2800'BELA 62500 NEXT IA'BCME
61220 DATA 4,10,11,12,1,42,16,10,7,1, 62600 PRINT"! ! !"'BABE
42,2,12,42,17,13,6'BTXD 62700 FOR 1=1 TO 2500:NEXT I'EIDD
61240 NUMBER=17'BIBF 63000 RETURN'BAQY i||B

ADVENTURE ROAD/MAPPING MADE SIMPLE

Continuedfrom pg 80 nique to ensure that you meet certain ple and dealing with objects. Both accept
out is wanted for committing a murder characters at specific points in the game, Hill and multiple sentences and have a
while escaping from a Texas prison. In people like the loudmouth Texan Cude 1,700-word vocabulary. And for those
order to track down all the clues and fit Dudley In these encounters you'll often who are having trouble, encoded clues
the pieces of tliis puzzle together, you read several succeeding screens of text, and answers are provided in the manual.
must hit the streets of the Big Apple. punching die RETURN key to continue. Amnesia is one of the few text adven
And those streets are realistically por This also happens when you have a tures that I've found as absorbing to read
trayed in die descriptions of each block lengthy dream or a flashback, both of as it is satisfying to play.
of the city. All the tourist attractions—St. which furnish hints about your past.
Patrick's Cathedral, Times Square, the Eventually it becomes evident that
you recendy visited Texas and discov
More Clues
United Nations—are there, and so are
many nuances of the New York land ered somcdiing so sensational that some Trinity: To get the gnomon to fit in die
scape, such as obscure back streets that one is trying to make sure you forget it— hole on the sundial, you must reverse die
are realistically laid out and restaurants and Ifyou don't cooperate, they'll simply threads by first climbing the arbor and
like Nedick's and Chock Full-o-Nuts. kill you. Several other alternative conclu activating die Klein bottle effect. When
You've got to stop in for a bite regularly, sions await the persevering software die shadow clicks on die sundial, push
or your energy level falls too low and sleuth, a feature I always appreciate in an die lever.
you'll wake up in die hospital. Inevitably adventure game. Shard ofSpiing: Write down the names
this leads to jour arrest when you're rec The scoring system is unusual, award of everyone you meet especially in Islan-
ognized as Hollings. and the next stop is ing points in three areas: detective, char dia, as well as die lyrics to any songs you
a Texas jail cell. To buy food you've got acter and survival These determine your hear.
to earn money by panhandling on the overall score and rating. 'Hie status re Rings ofZilfin: Keep walking north and
street or washing car windshields. port also shows your energy level and in south between die first two towns and
Amnesia is structured in a more linear ventory. With a printer you can obtain collect a big supply of mushrooms before
fashion than typical adventures, for it hard copy of die game as you play it. going anywhere else. To get past die K-
leads you tlirough the same parts of the Two parsers are on board, one for in piants, use two parzins and two purlets
story in a scries of events mat resemble terpreting commands about navigating before you enter die location where they
die plot of a novel. Disch uses this tech the streets and another for talking to peo are found. H

98 MARCH'87
JIFFIES/VERTICAL BAR CHARTING
Continuedfrum j>g. 5™

give purple (4) as the alternate color. (On a black-and-white 100 DATA 97,126,97,123'BNWX
TV it appears white and gray.) 110 FOR X=0 TO 3:READ A%(X):NEXT
Run the program. When the chart is completed, :m INPUT :R=2'GNQC
Statement prevents scrolling. Press RETURN and run again to 120 IF B=0 THEN FOR X=0 TO 15
repeat. 9 :READ A%{X):NEXT:R=8'JQDG
130 DATA 224,228,239,249,226,120,119,
ore typing these programs, read "How to Enter Programs" and "How to L'se the Magazine 9 9,224,100,111,121,98,248,247,
Entry Program." The BASIC programs in this magazine arc available on disk from Loadstar. 227'BLNK
P.O.Box 30007.Shrcvcpori. LA71130-0007.1-800-831-2694. 140 HV=R*20:S%=1+D%(0)/HV:IV=S%*R'HWLJ
150 PRINT CHR$(147)"DEMO CHART"
Vertical Bar Charting :FOR X=l TO 40:LS=L$+CHR$(164)
10 PRINT CHR$(147):DIM A%(15), :NEXT'JVOM
D% (72) 'DTUC 160 FOR X=20 TO 0 STEP-1
20 INPUT"0)FULL OR l)HALF COLUMN";B :X$=MID$(STR$(IV*X),2)'JRWK
:IF B GOTO 40'DGRG 170 PS=XS+LEFT$(L$,40-LEN(X$))
30 INPUT"DUAL COLOR (Y/N)";Q$ :PRINT PS;:NEXT:X%=1'IYTM
:IP Q$-"Y" THEN DC=3'FJRI 180 FOR X=l TO NB STEP 2:B%=D%(X)/S%
40 INPUT"ZERO BOTTOM (Y/N)";Q$ :T%=D%(X+1)/S%'JBDO
•IF QS="N" THEN Z=1'FIWJ 190 E=B%-(INT(B%/R)*R>:GOSUB 240
50 NB=36:I=2:IF B OR DC THEN NB=72 :E=R'HSNM
:I=1'HSIK 200 B%=B%+R:IF B%<T% THEN GOSUB 240
60 FOR X=l TO NB STEP 2 :GOTO 200'HRRD
:D%(X)=(40*RND(1)+1)*Z 210 B%=T%:E=T%-(INT(T%/R)*R)
: REM BOTTOM'KCEO :IF E THEN E=E+R:GOSUB 240'LAYJ
70 D%(X+1)=D%(X)+99*RND(1)+8 220 IF DC THEN CC=ABS(CC-1)'FJOD
: REM TOP'HVIM 230 X%=X%+I:NEXT:INPUT Q$:END'FKWE
80 IF D%(X+1)>D%(0) THEN D% (0)=D%(X + l) 240 Y%=B%/R:SA=1866-(Y%*40)+X%
: REM HIGHEST TOP'HILQ :POKE SA,A%(E):POKE SA+54272,DC+CC
90 NEXT'BAEF : RETURN'LSFQ E|(D

YET IT COSTS SO MUCH LESS.

And now it will count for you, you can buy Which means in
3 FILE: on any 64 or 128. mere seconds you can
4
5 Ironically, however, though we check your checkbook. ff"'^i an '
recently lowered the price of Take stock of your
VEftR: 1985
Multiplan, we actually stocks. Or calculate
E=I!!S22i-S22SSL« **3IM
1 HUSBflHDs"iitf"pflV"~ ~356B increased its capabilities. your risks.
HI FES HI.1 PAY
MET f.'ISnl'.ll. [ The enhanced version not You can plan, bud
C0H5ULTIKG Pi
ATIOHAL GUARD PftV only takes full advantage of the get, analyze,
ItHDEHDS/IKTEREST ll
IfiER 128's expanded memory and 80 question, ponder,
TOTAL MONTHLY 1KCOME 10459 column screen. revise, estimate Multiplan and
Microsoft aw lightered
Not only includes a Qukkstart and forecast. trademarks of

instruction manual. Just by doing little Microsoft Corp.

And not only comes with 10 more than pressing a few keys.
ready-to-go templates. In fact, there really isn't any
Allow us to introduce the most But it is the fastest load kind of hardcore number crunch-
powerful electronic spreadsheet ing spreadsheet ", ing you can't do faster and
in the Commodore world. • easier with Multiplan at
Multi'plan: Multiplan works
beautifully on
• your control.
This is the same intensely sim a budget. Whether you're managing
ple, staggeringly brilliant pro . ■■ " a family of 4. A business of
* ■■
gram over a million Apple and ■
>■"_'■ 50. Or a nation
IBM owners count on. . of 250 million.

V
 128 USERS ONLY BY.MAKK JORDAN

TUG
for the
Commodore 128
For this tug-of-
war game you
xVs its name implies, TL'G is a game of
strength. Based on die tug-of-war con need more than
cept, tfiis one- or two-player game yields
many wins to the mighty But in this case,
strength—-you
the strength is not applied to die joystick.
(Who wants a broken joystick handle,
need reflex and
right?) Instead, you must exercise willpower.
strength of will—willpower.
TUG is also a game of reflex. The
quicker-moving may be able to whip the
stronger-willed. However, reflexes can
hurt you—TL'G is also a game of wit.
Mostly, TL'G is a game that demon
strates just how easily a game with an at joystick is in port 1. you will maneuver long way. particularly when you consider
tractive play field and effective play ac Clark. Otherwise, Clara is your sprite. diat sometimes your opponent will pull
tion can be written on the Commodore Now it's pull-time. Clark and Clara are you toward the pit. cancelling some of
128. To match the effects on a 6-4, you squared off in a beautiful mountain set your victories.
would have to resort to machine lan ting. Connecting them is a 144-pixel long Willpower is die key—and lots of it. If
guage and several reference books. rope, stretched taut. Between them is a you get distracted or frustrated because
Begin by typing it in. Save it as always black seedling pit of who-knows-what. it's taking so long to yank oP Clara into
before running it the first time. Since the Above the pit is a diamond. Pay atten die cesspool, you may find Clara yanking
program is written In BASIC, it's unlikely tion to this diamond. A black ball will ap you in diat direction. If you want fester
you would crash it with bad data or other pear at one of the points of this diamond. games, change N = 1 in line 480 to N = 2
errors, but it's not impossible. However; If it is on the left point, quickly push your (or 3. 4. etc.). This way each tug will pull
one of the man)- subtle beauties of the joystick to the left. If you push your joys a litde farther.
128 is that you can easily recover from tick to the left before your opponent Oh yes, I did say diat TL'G can be
most crashes. How? Just hold down the does, your sprite (let's say. Clark) will pull played solitaire. When die open screen
RUN/STOP key and press the reset but Clara a pixel closer to doom comes up, just choose die one-player op
ton. When the reset has been done, you'll There is one thing, however, you must tion and level (1 -3). Level 3 is best for be
find yourself in the 128's built-in ma watch for. The ball may not always be ginners, level 1 for the masochistic type.
chine language monitor. Type X and black—it may be red. If it is. then don't winning isn't everything—you need
press RETURN, and you'll be back in BA push left. The first one who does will to win big. In TUG diat means quick.
SIC with the program intact. lose ground instead of gaining it. If no There's a timer dial will display how long
When you nan die program, you have one pushes left after a moment, die ball it took you to dump your opponent after
to put up with a mild wait while the will change. It takes approximately 50 each round.
screen designs itself. You can speed pixels before Clark or Clara get thrown I've been programming Commodore
tilings up considerably by adding a FAST in the pit. computers tor three years now. Creating
command at the very beginning of the It's clear to see how TUG is a game of TL'G was die best task I have yet under
program (say, line 5). reflex and wit, but how about strength? taken. The Commodore 128, with its su
The game starts with Clark and Clara, The answer to diat will become apparent perb graphics and wonderful BASIC 7.0,
our two heros, being Introduced. If your in your first real tussle. Fifty pixels is a is one mean machine. a

Before typing these programs, read "How w Enter Programs." and "How to fsc the Magazine 40 FOR T=3968 TO 3975:READ A$
Entry Program." The BASIC programs in this magazine ire available on disk from Loadstar, :P0KE T,DEC(A$):NEXT'HUAI
P.O. Box 30«r.Shrcvtpon. LA ■11J0-000", 1-800431-2694.
50 COLOR 4, 3:COLOR 0,8:COLOR 5,1
TUG :COLOR 1,1 :COLOR 2,6'FTTJ
10 GRAPHIC 3,1'BDJX 60 CIRCLE 2,10,10,2,3:PAINT 2,10,10,1
20 FOR T=3584 TO 3927:READ A$ :SSHAPE CR$,8,7,12,13:SCNCLR'ELOM
:POKE T,DEC(A$):NEXT'HUQG 70 COLOR 3,ll:B0X 3,70,120,88,137,45,1
30 FOR T=3928 TO 4032:POKE T,0 :COLOR 3,3'DEEL
tNEXT'FOHF 80 COLOR 2,8:CIRCLE 2,20,10,5,7

100 MARCH '87

128 USERS ONLY/TUG
370 NP=1:PRINT"[DOWN]LEVEL (1 -
:PAINT 2,20,14,1:COLOR 2,6'EEMN 3)"'CEPJ
90 DRAW 1,0,30 TO 10,10 TO 35, 380 GET KEY A$:A=VAL{A$):LV=A+3
25 TO 55,8 TO 70,22 TO 100, :IF A<1 OR A>10 THEN PRINT"[BELL]
2 TO 121,18 TO 140,9 TO 159,20'JWOU ";:GOTO 380'NYGT
100 DRAW 1,0,35 TO 35,30 TO 80, 390 PRINT"[DOWN]PRESS 1 TO CONTROL
27 TO 125,23 TO 159,25 CLARA, 2 FOR CLARK."'BAJQ
:PAINT 1,5,27,1'GMEG 400 GET KEY A$:A=VAL{A$):WP=A
110 X=50:Y=80:C=2:GOSUB 120:X=X-2 :IF A<1 OR A>2 THEN PRINT"[BELL]";
:Y=Y-2:C=1:GOSUB 120:GOTO 150'LIVK :GOTO 400'MWSL
120 DRAW C,X,Y TO X+20,Y-10 410 IF WP=2 THEN WP=3:ELSE WP=1'GKAF
:DRAW C,X+10,Y-5 TO X + 10,Y+20'KDIK 420 GRAPHIC 3:SPRITE 2,1,7,1
:SPRITE 4,1,3,1'DTRG
130 DRAW C,X+28,Y TO X+28,
430 SPRITE 5,1,10,0,1:SPRITE 6,1,10,0,
Y+20 TO X+38,Y+10 TO X+38,
lrSPRITE 7,1,10,0,1'DKOK
Y-10'LDPM
440 MOVSPR 1,93,176:MOVSPR 2,98,197
140 DRAW C,X+60,Y-10 TO X+50, :MOVSPR 3,252,176:MOVSPR 4,252,
Y TO X+50,Y+24 TO X+60, 197'EQQN
Y+10 TO X+60,Y+5 TO X+55,Y+5'RPCT 450 MOVSPR 5,RO,204:MOVSPR 6,RO+48,204
145 RETURN'BAQE :MOVSPR 7,RO+96,204'FIDN
150 DRAW 3,0,168 TO 66,168 460 REM — MAIN PROGRAM LOOP'BRUJ
-.DRAW 3,92,168 TO 159,168'EETI 470 TI$="000000":VOL 15'CGUJ
160 CIRCLE 3,79,168,13,30,90,270 4 80 DO:Z=0:R=INT(RND(l)*4)+l:C$=CRS
:DRAW 1,68,175 TO 91,175'DLBK :CO=1:N=1'KATS
170 PAINT 3,1,171,l'.PAINT 3,1,1,1 490 CC=RND(1):IF CC<-2 THEN CO=3
:PAINT 1,71,177,1'DDYJ :N=-1'IQHQ
180 CD$="[HOME]":FOR T=l TO 25 500 MOVSPR 8,X(R),Y(R):SPRITE 8,1,
:CD$=CD$+" [DOWN] " : NEXT ' HQML CO'CUDF
190 X(1)=201:Y(1)=174:X(2)=171 510 Z=Z+1:IF Z=LV THEN BEGIN
:Y(2)=191:X(3)=142:Y(3)=175 :IF NP*=1 THEN X = N:S=WP
:X(4)=171'HFHU :GOTO 560'MWYN
200 Y(4)=158:J(3)=1:J(5)=2:J(7)=3 520 BEND:IF CO=3 THEN LOOP'FFEF
:J(1)=4'FGCF 530 J1=JOY(1)AND 127:J2=JOY(2)AND
210 ROPE=112:E$=CHR$(27):L$=CHR$(13) 127'GRBJ
:L$(1)="CLARK":L$(3)="CLARA" 540 IF J(J1)=R THEN X=N:S=3
:W$(1)="CLARA":W$(3)="CLARK"'JULS :GOTO 560'GPPK
220 PRINT ES"M'"BCEY 550 IF J(J2)=R THEN X=-N:S=1
230 SPRCOLOR 6,1:SPRSAV 5,TR$ :ELSE 510'HPAM
:SPRSAV 6,8:SPRSAV 7,6 560 SPRITE 8,0,CO:FOR T=l TO 7
:SPRSAV 7,5'FBXI :MOVSPR T,+X,+0:NEXT'ITPO
240 FOR T=l TO 17:READ X,Y 570 MOVSPR S,+0,+l'DGYJ
:GSHAPE TR$,X,Y,4:NEXT'GTJI 580 FOR T=l TO 50:NEXT'EFYK
250 SLOW'BBKC 590 MOVSPR S,+0,-l'DGAL
260 A$="V1O1CO0AO1HDO0.AQB" 600 SOUND 1,2500, 5,,,58,0'BPVD
:B$="O1HCFEDQ":PL$=A$+A$+B$+LEFT$ 610 B=BUMP(2):IF B >0 AND B<8 THEN
(A$,17)'HWXS EXIT'IKJI
270 GRAPHIC 0:MOVSPR 1,140,98 620 LOOP'BAKC
:MOVSPR 3,212,98'DVTJ 630 REM 'BFLE
280 PRINT"[CLEAR,BLACK,DOWN3]"," 640 VOL 4:SOUND 1,9000,100,1,2000,55,
[SPACE2]MEET THE TUGGERS:" 2,880'CDRL
:FOR T=l TO 700:NEXT'FIBO 650 IF RSPPOS(1,0)>135 THEN 670'EMBJ
290 SPRITE 1,1,1,1:SPRITE 3,1,1,1'CRNJ 660 X=-1:Y=1:W=3:V=0:U=175:GOSUB 740
300 PRINT LEFT?(CD$,10),"[SPACE3] :X=0:V=1:U=250:GOSUB 740
CLARK[SPACE2J&[SPACE2]CLARA"'CJVD :GOTO 680'MOGX
310 PRINT"[DOWN2]CLARK WILL USE PORT 670 X=l:Y=1:W=1:V=0:U=175:GOSUB 740
2, CLARA HAS PORT l."'BARI :X=0:V=1:U=250:GOSUB 740'KKWV
320 VOL 15:PLAY PL$'CHKC 680 GRAPHIC 4,0,22:T$=MID$(TI$,4,1)+"
330 PRINT"PRESS [WHITE]B[BLACK] :"+MID$(TI$,5)'GAXR
TO BEGIN, 1 TO PLAY 690 PRINT LEFTS(CDS,24)"[SPACE2]
SOLITAIRE."'BAVL NOT BAD, "WS(W)", BUT IT TOOK YOU
340 LV=16:NP=0'CIQE "T$'CPSU
350 GET KEY A$:IF A$="B"THEN 420'FIPH 700 PRINT"[SPACE4JTO WHIP "L$(W)".
360 IF A$O"1"THEN 350'EFVG

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 101

 LEROY'S CHEATSHEET
Keyboard Overlays

$7.95 $3.95
128 USERS ONLY/TUG
each

PLASTIC [SPACE2]TRY AGAIN?[SPACE3]

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For you: COMMODORE 128 r your COMMODORE 64 710 VOL 15:TEMP0 20:PLAY PL$'DLTG
Pui Your Computer's Commands Where Trwy Belong - And Your Manuals On The Shelf
720 GET KEY A$:IF AS="Y"THEN GRAPHIC
Have you evor sal al your conrpuTer w.!M !ho manual in your lap trying To find an elusive command' How ntudt
lima have you lost searching thiougn manuals !o ralresh your memory on dow to do what you warned' Now you
have a way lo end that frustration Leroy's Clients heels
0,1:GOTO 330:ELSE IF A5<>"N"THEN
Leroy's Cheatsfieels help you get into your program right away. We put the commands nght at your 720'MSUP
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cOfliptotsly. Now use your software more easily and more atieelrveiy. With Leroy'3 Cheatsheets you'll nevsr
have to hunt lor a program command again"1 m
740 DOrMOVSPR Wr+X,+Y:MOVSPR W+l,+X,
SOFTWARE +YIIPTO
EQUIPMENT STAND
750 LOOP UNTIL RSPPOS (W,V)=U
:RETURN'FIEL
760 REM 'BFLI
DISCOUNT SOFTWARE 770 DATA 07,FE,E0,1B,FF,F0,3D,FF'BXYN
& FREE CHEATSHEET
780 DATA E0,7F,00r40/FF,FF,7C/FE'BXMO
y

0' I?5 DO or mwo you

Liroyt cumimiki H
790 DATA 81,C2,E6,89,52,D6,81,22'BXVP
800 DATA D6,81,12,D0,C3,0C,E0,7ETBXYH
Order Now and Save ... Money, Time and Frustration 810 DATA 78,F8,00,20,F0,00,20,70'BXFI
COMMODORE 128 $7.95 ea COMMODORE 64 $3.95 ea
820 DATA 00,10,20,07fE0,18,00,20'BXYI
DIE - CUT
J
830 DATA 0C,00,40,04,40,40,06,3F'BXXJ
840 DATA 80,04,10,00,06,10,00,00'BXCK
j- --•*.- -.v
« j rjju virjgvf JF»Th.
JGEOS 850 DATA FE,00,00,EB,00,00,DF,80'BXIM
-iv .

860 DATA 00,FF,C0,00,DF,E0,00,EF'BXUN

FREE - Keyboard eilcndtr .t.j;t e-Ju-i Als4 Ills ine COMMODORE fi
870 DATA F0,00,FB,FF,DE,FE,FF,DE'BXBO
1HFOPMAT1OH: fen

880 DATA FF,3F,DC,FF,00,00,60,C0'BXDP

Pnvul & C3>^C*n-r CT*

—
TME5:
890 DATA 00,38,30,00,1E,0C,00,0F'BXEQ
r PA tmiena or*j
900 DATA 82,00,07,El,00,07,Alr001BXVH
910 DATA 0F,21,00,0F,21,00,1F,1F'BXXJ
CHEATSHEET PRODUCTS. INC. P.O. Boi 111363 Piltsburgn. PA. 152M

For O'dors only TOLL FBEE 1-B00-3M-2f96 PA Orders ■ (41Z| 7B1-15S1 DEALER IMOUinES WELCOME
920 DATA E0,1F,DF,F0,1F,DF,F0,00'BXVK
930 DATA 00,00,00,07,DE,00,1F,7F'BXBL
940 DATA C0,3D,FF,F0,78,FF,F8,70'BXFM
950 DATA 1F,F8,39,C7,FC,6B,60,F4'BXON
JIFFIES/SX-64 RENUMBER 960 DATA 4E,3F,FC,4E,20,3C,6B,60'BXVO
970 DATA 7C,33/C0,FC,20,00,FC,1C'BXGP
Continued from pg. 60
980 DATA 02,EC,00,05,D8,0F,0B,F8'BXVQ
1250 PRINT"[RVS]"TNSEX$'BGYC 990 DATA 00,13,7C,08f63,F8,07,83'BXWR
1260 FOR 1=1 TO 150:NEXT 1000 DATA BC,00,41rD6,00,42,FB,00'BXPX
:REM TIME DELAY'FQKI 1010 DATA 00,C7,00,01,58,C0,02,20'BXUX
1270 PRINT"[DOWN,SPACE6,SHFT P]RESS 1020 DATA 20,04,02,10,04,41,08,02'BXKY
[RVS,SHFT R,SHFT E,SHFT T,SHFT U, 1030 DATA 20,88,0D,0F,08,33,F0,30'BXAB
SHFT R,SHFT N,RVOFF]"'BANL 1040 DATA 44,C0,C0,3C,7F,00,03,FF'BXUC
1280 GET A$:IF A$=CHR$(13)THEN 1050 DATA 80,00,FF,80,01,FF,C0,03'BXDD
1300'FNAI 1060 DATA FF,C0,00,88,80,01,14,801BXCE
1290 PRINT"[RVOFF]"TN$EX$ 1070 DATA 01,24,40,02,22,40,04,42'BXNE
:FOR 1=1 TO 150INEXT 1080 DATA 40,0F,87,C0,3F,9F,C0,00'BXLG
:GOTO 1250'GSBM 1090 DATA 00,08,00,00,28,00,00,08'BXIG
1300 INPUT"[HOME,D0WN7,SHFT E]NTER 1100 DATA 80,00,A8,80,02,2E,80,02'BXDY
[RVS,L. BLUE,SHFT E]XTERNAL 1110 DATA AE,00,00,2A,20,02,0A,A0'BXWA
[RVOFF,WHITE) [SHFT D]RIVE # "; 1120 DATA 02,BE,80,00,2E,20,08,AF'BXWB
EN'BDDG 1130 DATA A0,0A,2A,80,02,AA,08,20'BXIC
1310 IF EN>13 OR EN<8 THEN 1300'FLDC 1140 DATA 2E,88,2A,AA,A8,08,8E,20'BXHD
1320 IF(EN=IN)THEN 1300'DKJC 1150 DATA 02,AB,88,08,AA,A8,02,AA'BXHE
1330 PRINTn,"M-W"CHR$(119)CHR$(0) 1160 DATA 80,00,0F,00,00,0F,00,00'BXJE
CHR$(2)CHR$(EN+32)CHR$(EN+64) 1170 DATA 00,3E,00,00,FF,80,01,C9'BXGG
' IAJK 1180 DATA C0,01,FF,C0,01,FF,C0,01'BXYH
1340 CLOSE 1:OPEN 1,14,15'CJDC 1190 DATA C1,C0,00,FF,80,00,3E,00'BXQI
1350 PRINT*1,"M-W"CHR$(119)CHR$(0) 1200 DATA DB,6D,B6,6D,B6,DB,00,00'BXCA
CHR$ (2) CHR$ (IN + 32)CHR$ (-IN + 64) 1210 DATA 2,26, 14,32, 20,28, 30,38,
1 IARM 46,40, 65,25, 76,31, 92,42'BVLF
1360 CLOSE 1:OPEN 1, IN , 15,"I"'CKPF 1220 DATA 104,27, 114,24, 126,32, 139,
1370 PRINT"[D0WN5,SHFT AjLL [SHFT D] 30, 110,46, 116,54, 130,62'BXAG
ONE"'BAUH 1230 DATA 149,58, 155,70'BNUB

1380 END'BACE END END

102 MARCH 87
 TAKE THE Q-LINK CHALLENGE!
IF YOU WIN, GET THREE PRIZES!
• A MODEM
• A FOUR-MONTH Q-LINK MEMBERSHIP
• LUCASFILM'S HABITAT SOFTWARE

Complete the Challenge Of the Month correctly and you will be services. As a Challenge winner, you'll get QuantumLink
eligible to win a great prize package! software and your first four months membership free!
Each month. 20 individuals will be chosen from the pool of • A free copy of Lucasfilm's Habitat software.
correct Challenge entries and the winners will receive a prize Habitat is the new multi-player game that utilizes the
package that includes all this! Quantuml.ink network to interconnect thousands of
Commodore owners from across the country. Participants can
• A free Commodore 300-baud modem (Model 1600). quest for hidden treasure, investigate intriguing mysteries,
With this modem, you'll be able to hook up your Commodore
and participate in the ongoing drama of this innovative and
64 or 128 to a telephone and access Quantuml.ink. the official
exciting graphic adventure.
on-line service for Commodore owners.
• A free QuantumLink four-month membership. Consolation Prize!
QuantumLink membership normally costs just S9.9t per If the Challenge entry you submit is correct, but your name is
month, and includes unlimited use of a base tier of services not chosen from the pool of correct entries, you will be sent a
and one free hour of access each month to special Plus Q-I.ink software kit for FREE!

HERE'S HOW TO ENTER! YOU MUST ANSWER BOTH QUESTIONS TO WIN:

Simply complete the Challenge of the Month and send it with Are you currently a member of Quantuml.ink?
this coupon to Quantum Computer Services. 8620 Wcstwood ] Yes—if I win, extend my membership for four months?
Center Drive. Vienna, YA 22180. Attn; Challenge of the Month ] No—if I win, send me the Q-Link software and free four-
# (fill in the correct Challenge of the Month number). month membership. If I get the Challenge correct but
don't win, send me a free Q-Link software kit as a
NAME
consolation prize.

ADDRESS Do you currently own a modem?

] Yes—if I win, send me a substitute prize.
CITY STATE. .ZIP CODE
] No—if I win. send me the modem.
PHONE NUMBER L

MI rar WA AD SE ER
CHALLENGE OF THE MONTH #4 RM : ba w TT FT CK

D 0 L 0
Two pairs of letters in each line of this puzzle are
already filled in. To solve the puzzle, insert the J 0 Y s
remaining pairs of letters into the blank squares.
Do not rearrange any letters, and put only one S 0 R E
letter in each box. When you are finished you will
have spelled 6 eight-letter computer terms G 0 U T
(reading across). Each pair of letters is used only
D A T A
once, so you may cross them off as you use
them.
T E A L

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 103

 128 USERS ONLY BY M. GARAMSZEGHY

Super Sweep
128

X here arc numerous types of comput

ers and operating systems, most ofwbicb
arc not compatible. Trying to share pro
gram and data files between incompati
ble computers can be a major headache
when you work with several machines. I
personally own a VIC 20 and a Commo
dore 128.1 also use a Commodore PC-10
MS-DOS computer and a Radio Shack
TRS-80 CiVM-based machine in a busi
ness environment.
These machines are incompatible with
each Other; yet I regularly share data files,
and sometimes even program files, be
tween all four machines. For example, Transfer program and data flies between the
WordStar text files written on the IBM-
PC will work perfectly with CP M Wont- 128 and the IBM-PC
Star on the 128orTRS-80. With ASCII to
PFFSCII character conversion, the text derstood by both machines. Unfortu chines. The first, and perhaps die most
files will also work with most word pro nately; there are as many different disk Important, is the physical structure of the
cessors, such as Paperclip and Pocket formats as there are computers. disk Obviously you cannot read an 8-
Writer, on the 128 and/or VIC 20. If you can get one of your computers Inch disk on a drive designed for 5'/-»-
The same goes for spreadsheet models to read and write the disk format of the inch disks; ditto for 3VMnch micro flop
from Mldtipkm and CalcStOt and data other, you have solved the problem. With pies. If die disk fits into die drive, the
base files from dBase //. In fact, you can that In mind, 1 wrote a short program next problem is die recording method
interchange data files for any program called Super Sweep 128 which allows used to store die data on die disk.
running under MS-DOS with an analo die 1S"1 disk drive to read and write in There are many recording mediods.
gous CP/M version, and if it exists, a 128 three basic formats: normal Commodore but again, most are incompatible with
VIC 20 version. DOS r\pe SEQ files, 128 CP/M and MS- each other. One of die most common is
There are several ways to exchange DOS. The program also does ASCII <> MFM (modified (or maximum) frequen
files between computers. One method PEISCH conversions of text files, if de cy modulation) used by MS-DOS. TBS-
involves a direct connection between sired. In order to better understand how DOS and most CP/M formats. Commo
die computers via a null modem cable or the program works, a simple description dore uses a different technique called
Other data link. This method must have Of the structure of CP/M and MS-DOS GCR (for group coded recording) for the
tlie two machines close enough together disks is in order 154l/IS7I'4()-i() and most of its other
that they can be connected by a wire. disk drives. The Commodore 1571 drive
The second method is an extension of Disk Compatibility is probably die only drive on the market
the first: the wire is replaced by two mo The 128 is a remarkable machine, es which contains hardware support for
dems and a telephone line. For this to pecially when connected to a 1571 disk bodi recording methods.
work, you generally need either a person drive. This combination can read and The third problem is the logical orga
at both ends to control the transfer or a write just about any disk format available nization of the disk: how die files are
"smart" terminal program at one end that in 5 1/4-inch size. Many different formats stored, the location and structure of die
can be controlled from the other end. such as Epson, KayPro, Osborne and director.', and so on. This diird aspect is
Both methods suffer from the drawback CP/.M-86 are supported automatically by the key for interchanging disks between
that they require two machines. CP/M mode on the 128. The 128 IS"I different computers with physically
The third method, which is much combo can also read and write MS-DOS compatible disk drives. The logical orga
more versatile, is to transfer the files on disks as well as man}- other formats. Al nization of virtually all microcomputer
an intermediate storage medium such as though this must be performed under disk formats is software-controlled.
a floppy disk- No connections or wires software control, it is relatively simple In most computers, the actual oper
are required and you only need to use once you figure out die logical structure ation of the disk storage system is hidden
one machine at a time CO do the transfer. ofthe foreign disk. from the user by a high level screen, usu
The drawback of this method is that you Several factors determine the compati ally called a disk operating system or
need to find a disk format that can be un- bility Of disks among the various ma DOS. The DOS is a set of disk control

104 MARCH'87
128 USERS ONLY
routines indirectly called by the user per disk. The order in which die sectors parts of die filename are usually separat
which tell the disk drive where and how are filled, however, is quite different. It is ed by a period in the form of "FILE
to access the data. The DOS also keeps easiest to visualize die filling order if you NAME.EXT. Note, however, that the pe
track of general housekeeping of the diink of each track as a dartboard with riod is not included in die actual directo
disk, such as making sure that files don't die segments numbered in consecutive ry entry on die disk. If either die primary
overwrite each other. To change the logi order from 0 up to die maximum num filename or die file type contains less
cal organization of the disk, all you need ber of sectors on that track. Tlie sectors than die maximum number of charac
to do is write your own custom DOS are filled starting at 0 and jumping 5 each ters, die extra locations in die directory
which emulates the format of the foreign time to die next; diat is 0. 5, 10. 15. and entry are padded widi ASCII space char-
disk you are trying to access. so on. When you complete die circle acters (CHRS(32)). For example, the
Fortunately, most DOS's. including once, you should have gone past tlie 0. bytes representing die name "FILE.l"
Commodore DOS. CP/M and MS-DOS, For 21 sectors per track, you will end would appear in a directory entry as
have commands which allow you to ran up at sector 4. The cycle dien repeats: 4, (decimal values):
domly access individiud tracks and sec 9, 14, 19, 3, 8, 13, 18, and so on, until ;U1 ^0 73 76 69 32 32
tors on a disk. The trick to format con die sectors on die track have been used 32 32 49 32 32
version is to use the built-in DOS com and it jumps to sector 0 of die next track. FI L E (4 spaces) 1 (2 spaces)
mands of one format (usually the more Track I. sectors 0 and 5 as well as track The actual location of die data in a file
complicated one) to read or write an 18, sector 0 are reserved for special sys is recorded by die entries in the file allo
other (usually the simpler one) sector by tem fiinctioas and are not included in die cation table. Tlie value of each entry re
sector. Of course, this requires detailed sector-filling sequence table. presents an allocation unit number
knowledge ofthe logical structure of the Double-sided 128 CP/M disks have an which contains die next part of the file.
foreign disk format. allocation unit size of 2K bytes or 8 phys The entries in die table need not be in
The structure of Commodore DOS ical sectors or 16 records. All of side 0 is consecutive order, and often will not be
disks should be fairly familiar to most filled first, then side 1 in the same order. on a frequently used disk with many
128 users. Since Super Sweep 128 runs Track 36 sectors 0 and 5 and track 53, scratched files. Unused locations in die
on the 128 in native mode, detailed sector 0 (corresponding to die unused file allocation table tor each directory en
knowledge of Commodore DOS is not sectors on side 0) are not used on side I. try are padded with 0 bytes. The physical
required because its functions are imple The 128 CP/M director)' starts at "logi sectors corresponding to die allocation
mented automatically. However, detailed cal" sector 0 (side 0, track 1. sector 10) units can be determined from die entries
information can be found in die user's and continues for two allocation units. in die calculated sector fill table, keeping
manual for tiie 15-41 or 1571 drive, if de (128 CP/M accesses a disk sector by its in mind diat for a single-sided disk each
sired. On the other hand. CP/M and MS- "logical" number, which refers to its posi AU is four disk sectors and a double-sid
DOS disk structures may not be as familiar. tion in die filling sequence table.) For sin ed AU is eight sectors.
gle-sided disks this is equivalent to 8 For single-sided disks, die maximum
128 CP/M physical sectors, tor double-sided disks, it number of records per directory entry is
Single-sided CP/M disks, 128 included, is 16 physical sectors. Each director)' en 128 ( 16 allocation units x 8 records per
are usually divided into IK byte areas try follows die standard CP/M 32-byte AU). This may also appear to put an up
cdled blocks or allocation units (All's). format as outlined below. per limit on die file size of 16K bytes.
The Al is tlie smallest space on the disk Byte Meaning Fortunately, CP/M has a way around diis
that a file can occupy. For example, even 0 Reserved. 0 for a good file, hex problem. For file sizes larger than 128 re
if a file contained only one byte, the oth Se5 for scratched file or empty cords, additional director)' entries are
er 1.023 bytes in its AU cannot be used entry created widi die same filename by widi a
by another flic The 128 single-sided disk 1-8 Filename in ASCII capitals, pad different directory "extent" number
contains 170 AU's, numbered 0 to 169. ded widi ASCII spaces ( byte 12). Tlie extent starts at 0 for a giv
AUs 0 and I contain tlie directory, while 9-11 File type in ASCII capitals en file and will increase by 1 for each
die rest are used for data storage. Each 12 Directory extent added extent of the same file. The ex
AU is subdivided into 8 "records" of 128 15 Number of 128 byte records in tents need not occupy consecutive en
bytes each. The record is the standard this extent (maximum hex S80) tries in die directory.
unit for finding or storing data on a disk 16-31 File allocation table (numbers Tlie allocation table for double-sided
within a CP/M file. As files grow, they of logical AUs used by file, un disk entries can hold up to 256 records
contain more records, and consequently used locations set to 0) (16 allocation units by 16 records per
more blocks are allocated from tlie list of CP/M filenames consist of two parts: a AU). This is handled by dividing die entry
empty blocks. 1 to 8 character primary name and an up into two logical extents of 128 re
Since tlie standard Comm(xlorc GCR optional 0 to 3 character secondary cords each. For example, a double-sided
sector size used on die 1541 and 1571 name, usually called a file type. The file entry with a record count of T27 will
disk drives is 256 bytes, each CP/M AU is type generally is a standard combination liave an extent byte of 0. If two more re
comprised of four physical sectors on of diree characters, such as BAS for a BA cords arc added to the file, the extent
the disk. 'ITie actual structure of the 128 SIC program source code, COM for an byte of die same entry will be changed to
CP/M disk is die same as a standard Com executable machine-language program, 1 and die record count will be 1.(1 ex
modore IX )S disk in terms of number of or TXTor DOS for a text file. In directory tent of 128 records + 1 additional re
sectors per track and number of tracks listings and documentation, the two cord = 129 records). Thus, files up to

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 105

 128 USERS ONLY
32k bytes long can be addressed by each if the disk contains the DOS boot pro
dicates a scratched file
double-sided directory entry. grams, which are normally bidden from 8-10 File type
The total disk capacity is I70K bytes die user in the director}'. 11 File attribute (hidden file
for a single-sided disk ( 34QK bytes for a The file allocation table (FAT) is similar
system file, volume label
double-sided disk) of which L60K(336K in function to the Commodore BAM. In sub-directory, etc.)
for double-sided) is available for data addition, it also contains the links be 12-21 Reserved by DOS
storage. The maximum number of en tween different pieces of the same file. 22-25 Time and date stamp
tries in the directory area is 6-4 fur a sin The first byte of the 1-AT table is called a 26-27 Starting cluster number
gle sided tlisk or 128 far a double-sided "media descriptor" byte, For a double- low byte, high byte
disk. Scratched or unused entries are sig sided, 9 sector per track format, it has a
28-29 Low order part of file size
nified by a value ofhex 8e5(dec 229) for value of hex Sid. Other byte values arc- low, high byte
byte 0. CP'M starts filling the disk with used to describe other MS-DOS formats
30-31 High order part of file size-
data in consecutive allocation units start (that it, single-sided, 8 sectors per track, low, high byte
ing at AU number 2. As files become and so on). Hie remaining bytes map out
scratched, their space on the directory 3^-4 entries, each corresponding to one The filename and file type are handled
;md in the data area are made available AU or "cluster" of two adjacent logical in the same manner ;ls CP m. That is, 8
tor other files. Thus, files can become sectors. Each FAT entry is 12 bits (1 1/2 characters for the file name and 3 for the
scattered throughout the disk. 'Hie only bytes) long with two entries coded into file type, with unused locations padded
link to recover these tiles is that provided three bytes. The FAT value of an unallo with ASCII spaces. MS-DOS incorporates
by the allocation table in the director)'. cated cluster is 0. An allocated duster en automatic time and date Stamping of di
try contains die number of the next clus rectory entries. The Stamps are read from
MS-DOS ter in the file. The last cluster in a file has the system time of day (TOD) clock and
iMS-DOS and IBM PC-DOS are perhaps an entry of 409 (hex Sfff). are coded in a fairly complex fashion into
the most common operating system It should be noted that since tiiere are die directory entry. The MS-DOS directo
used in business computers. MS-DOS an odd number of sectors per track, the ry entry Incorporates elements found in
compatibility is a hot topic among com next "adjacent" logical sector may in (act both Commodore DOS and QP/M, Simi
puter manufacturers these days. Com Ix.- on a different track and/or side of the lar to Commodore DOS. each directory
modore currently offers the MS-DOS- disk. A new disk with no scratched files is entry contains the starting location only
based PC-KM and PO20-2 computers. filled alternately between side 0 and side of the file and the file length. The file size
The Amiga offers MS-DOS compatibility 1 for each track, with sectors on a given is a 32-bit number giving the number of
via a software emulation program and/or track filled in consecutive order. All of bytes in the file, thus allowing very large
hardware adaptors. Other manufacturers side 0, track 0 is filled, then side 1, track files. In practice, die maximum file size is
which previously marketed their own 0, men side 0, track I. etc., ending up limited by the capacity of the disk long
operating systems (such as Radio Shack) with side l, track 39. New files written to before this size is reached. Similar to
are switching to hardware compatible a disk with many previously scratched CP/M. links to subsequent parts of a file
machines. files will usually end up in bits and pieces are stored in a file allocation table. In MS-
The most common MS-DOS 5 '/.-inch scattered all over the disk as the DOS, however, the FAT is separate from
tlisk format is 512 bytes per sector, 40 scratched file space is recovered for re (tie directory.
tracks per side, double-sided. 9 sectors use. Two copies of the FAT are stored for
per track ( version 2.0 or later). The later comparison during disk reads and Super Sweep 128
tracks are numbered o to 39 on each side writes to ensure that the disk has not Based on knowledge of various disk
and the sectors are numbered 1 to 9 on been damaged or corrupted. formats, I have written several file con
each track. The total disk capacity is The MS-DOS directory entries are 32 version programs to run on an IBM-PC
360K bytes, of which 354K is available bytes long, with one entry per file. Up to (MS-DOS <> CP/M-86) and a 128 (SEQ
for data storage. The disk is organized 112 entries can be made in the main (or <> CP/M). The most powerful one to
into 720 logical sectors numbered 0 to root) directory, with more entries in sub date is Super Sweep 128, a conversion
719, each corresponding to 1 physical directories. The sub-directories are program for the 128 with a 1571 drive
sector on die disk. The logical sectors are stored in various locations on the disk as which can handle SEQ, C128 CP/M (SS
used as follows-. files, but with the "attribute" byte set to a and DS) and MS-DOS file conversions.
Logical value indicating "sub-directory" in die- Super Sweep 128 is an easy to use BA
sector # Use main directory entry. There is no limit, SIC 7.0 program for the 128 with one or
0 Boot record other than available tlisk space, on the two disk drives and an 80-column display

1-2 First copy of file allocation number of subdirectories. Sulvsub-di- monitor. The program is roughly mod
table rectories are also permitted, to several eled on the popular CP/M file copy utility
3-4 Second copy of file alloca nested levels. The significance of the di "SWEEP.COM", but with a major differ
tion table rectory bytes are as follows. ence: It can read/write/translate files
5-11 Directory from/to any one ofthe following five disk
12-719 Data Byte Meaning formats:
The boot record is used by MS-DOS to 0-7 Filename, special values for SEQ-ASCII
distinguish between the various MS-DOS byte 0; a value of 0 indi SFQ-with PI-TSUI <> ASCII conver
disk formats and to let the machine know cates unused entrv. Se5 in- sion

106 MARCH'87
128 USERS ONLY
C128 CP/M single-sided As you can see, there are no REM state copied from, while die target is die one
C128 CP/M double-sided ments in die body of die program. In try being copied to.) The program will dien
MS-DOS double-sided, 9 sectors/track ing to maximize the available buffer check to see that die requested drives
With Super Sweep 128, die selection space for file transfers, I chose to leave are turned on and are capable of han
of source and t:irgct file types are totally diem out. The following table summa dling the selected file type. If an error is
independent—they can be die same or rizes its main parts. detected, you will be asked to re-select
different in any combination. For CP/M your drive and file type. If either source
Line Function
and MS-DOS files, at least one of die disk or target file type was selected as CP/M,
10 Check 80-column screen
drives must be a 1571. Of course, a 1541 die program will then calculate die CP/M
on
(or compatible) can be used to read or logical sector fill table as outlined pre
20 Clear screen, load ma
write SEQ files. One word of caution, viously.
chine language, GOTO
however. Because the 1571 is not a true Once all of the preliminaries have
main menu
MS-DOS disk drive, never write MS-DOS been taken care of, you will be prompted
30-60 Error routines
files to an original, irreplaceable disk. to insert the source disk. 'Ilie program
70-110 Burst mode read and
Play it safe and always use scratch disks will then take a few moments to read in
write subroutines
for writing files. (Although 1 have had no the disk directory and enter the file
120-140 Log in disks
problems with disks from three different names into array N S(). The next step is to
150-200 Screen display subrou
IBM-PCs and four PC-compatibles, the select die files you want to copy. Super
tines
possibility does exist for mis-matched Sweep 128 is capable ofcopying a group
210-240 Set default parameter val
sector timing and things like that. This of one or more files at a time in a batch
ues
could corrupt die disk being written to.) As each filename is displayed, you arc-
250-350 Main menu and source/
Listing 1 is a BASiC loader for the ma given die option of pressing a number of
target selections
chine-language portion of die program. special keys. These keys, which are also
360-400 Calculate CP/M sector se
You will only liave to run this program summarized on die display screen, con
quence table
once. It creates a program file named sist of:
410-620 Read source disk direeto-
"SS.MI.l" which is automatically loaded T: tag a file for copying
by die main program each time it is run. U : untag a file
630-720 Select files to copy
The machine-language routine, which is N : (or any other key not listed) ad
730-830 Copy files
located in die cassette and RS 232 buff vance to next file
840-860 Read SEQ file
ers, contains several entry points, C : start copying tagged files
870-880 Write SEQ file
Address /unction R : go back to die file type and drive
890-920 Read CP/M file
hex dec selection menu
930-1100 Write CP/M file-
Q:(Or<ESO)quit
0bO0 28l6 Analyze disk format 1110-1150 Read MS-DOS file
Scroll dirough the list of files and mark
0b69 2921 Burst sector read (for 1160-1270 Write MS-DOS file
the ones you want to cop\' with die T
CP/M and MS-DOS) 1280 Quit
key. After tagging each file, you will be
0b9a 2970 Read SEQ, no convert
You may have noticed (hat most of die given die option to alter die filename for
0bcd3021 Write SEQ, no convert
frequently called subroutines are at the die target file. Press RETl "RN if you want
Obfb 3067 Burst sector write (for
beginning of die program. This helps to to keep die same name as die source file
CP/M and MS-DOS)
speed up die execution of die program. or enter a new name This feature allows
0c71 3185 Write SEQ, convert ASCII
BASIC 7.0 searches for line numbers to you to adjust die filename to suit die dif
to PETSCII
GOTO or GOSUB starting at die begin ferent format of CP/M and MS-DOS and
0cd4 3284 Read SEQ file, convert
ning of a program. Therefore, in a long SEQ type director)' entries. When trans
PETSOl to ASCII
program, a GOSUB 10 would execute fas ferring from SEQ to either CP/M or MS-
0d5c 3420 Fill to end of sector widi
ter than a GOSUB 1000 because line 10 DOS, you should take care that die file
spaces
occurs sooner dian line 1 (XX). name does not contain any periods and is
If you are interested, you can disas Super Sweep 128 is simple to use— a maximum of 11 characters long. When
semble die machine language with the just follow die prompts on the screen. transferring to SEQ from either CP/M or
128s built-in monitor command. Super Type in and save a copy of both Listing 1 MS-DOS, you can remove any extra
Sweep 128 uses burst mode on die 1571 and Listing 2. When you run Super spaces in the filename that are caused by
to read and write MS-DOS and CP/M files. Sweep 128, make certain diat die disk a filename with less than die maximum
Consequendy, it is quite fast. (A detailed with the "SS.ML1" file created by Listing 1 number of characters. Once die last file
description of 1571 burst mode and how is in disk drive unit 8. (Once the file type has been displayed, die list will cycle
to use it will be presented next mondi in selection menu appears on the screen, back to die first file in die directory. You
this magazine.) A typical conversion of a you can remove die SS.ML1 disk from the can tiien tag some more files or un-tag
30K byte (120 SEQ block) text file from drive.) Also make sure that you have an some previously tagged ones.
MS-DOS to SEQ-PETSCII takes about two 80-column display monitor connected. Once you have chosen all die riles lor
minutes, including about 25 seconds of The prompts on the screen will ask copying, press the C key to start the
"overhead1 required to decode die MS- you to enter die file type and disk drive copying process. You will then be
DOS director)' and file allocation table. unit number for both source and target prompted to insert die target disk, and
Listing 2 is the main BASIC program. files. (The source file is die one being the process begins. If you are lucky

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 107

 128 USERS ONLY
enough to have two disk drives, you can for lx>th CP/M and MS-DOS disks. This is example, if you do not have a modem on
sit back and relax because no disk-swap handled automatically by Commodore your 128 but have access to one on an
ping will lx- requited If you arc using a DOS when writing to SHQ files. MS-DOS computer elsewhere. Hie same
single drive, you will lie prompted to goes lor downloading to SEQ format in
swap disks at the correct time. It is a File Transfer Tips 128 mode and then converting to CP/M
good idea to cover the write-protect Super Sweep can be used for simple format. (The original version of 128
notch on the source disk ifyou are doing ASCII <> PKTSCII conversion of SHQ CP/M did not support a modem. The up
a lot of swapping to prevent accidentally files with either a 1571 or 15-il (or other graded version now does.)
writing to die wrong disk. It is also im compatible) drive in the following man BASIC source code programs are often
portant that you complete the entire- ner. Interchangeable between MS-DOS and
copying process when the target file type CP/M, if they have been saved in ASCII
is either CP/M or MS-DOS, because the PETSOI to ASCII — source file type - format (not tokeni/cd form ) and do not
updated directory is only written to the SEQ PET contain advanced features specific to one
target disk after ALL files have been cop target file type = or the other machine, such as graphics or
ied. (SEQ t\pe disk directories are updat SEQ ASCII ' sound. MS-DOS BASIC (i.e.. GW-BASIC or
ed automatically after each file lias been ASCII to PETSCI1 — source file type - IBM BASIC) and 128 BASIC 7.0 are actu
copied.) SEQ ASCII ally extended versions of the original Mi
Super Sweep 128 contains numerous target file type = crosoft MBASIC used on most CP/M ma
error detection and correction routines. SEQ PET chines. BASIC source code listings pro
However, just to lx- safe, always double- One word of caution tor PEISCD <> duced as text files on Commodore com
check that you have the correct disk in ASCII conversions. Super Sweep 128 puters can.often be used on CP/M and
the correct drive before proceeding from strips out control codes (ASCII value less MS-DOS machines (and vice versa) with
a prompt. In addition, never remove a than 32) and certain other special codes only minor editing to reflect different
disk from a drive without first being in both directions. It also adds a Linefeed syntax of some commands.
prompted to Insert another one. Super character (ASCII CHR*( 10)) after each To transfer the listings (him one ma
Sweep 128 docs not check for duplicate carriage return when converting to AS chine to another, the program must be
filenames when writing to CP/M and MS- CII and removes all linefeeds when con first saved as an ASCII text file on the
DOS disks, so be careful when writing to verting to PETSCII. The presence of original machine. (The tokenized pro
these disks. these codes in, for example, text format grams for the various BASlCs are not
The m;iximum file size that can be ted on a CP/M word processor may re compatible in either format or keyword
tnuisfcrrcd in any direction is -tOk bytes. quire the text to be reformatted with a tokens.) In MS-DOS and CP/M BASIC;, this
Longer files will be truncated to this 128 word processor before it can be Ls done by appending an ".A" to die end
length. This is equivalent to 160 SI£Q used in 128 mode. In addition, docu of the SAVE command
blocks or nc;irly three 'u" CP/M directo ments origimdly written or edited with SAVE "fiIenamc",A
ry extents, and is a very long program or some word processors (such as Word- In 128 BASIC 7.0, it is done by listing the
text file. All files in memory are assumed .%7/—cither CP/M or MS-DOS version) program to a disk file:
to be in ASCII format. SEQ PET files read Should be handled in non-document OPEN 8,8,8,"0:lilcnamc.s.w"
from disk are assumed to be PETSCD on mode (standard ASCII) on these word CMD8:1JST
the disk and are translated to ASCII as processors if they are intended to be sub PRINT#8:CI.OSE8
they are read in. SEQ PET files written to sequently used in 128 mode. WoixLSUir Non-standard ch;iracter codes embed
disk are assumed to be ASCII in memory sets the high bit of the last character of ded in program text {such as color
and are converted to PRTSCII as they arc- each word in document mode. This re codes, reverse video and cursor controls)
written to disk. Ail other transfers ;ire sults in an incorrect ASCII to PETSCD should be edited out, either before or
done in a binary what-vou-sec-is-what- conversion. after conversion. lx-causc they may cause
you-get fashion. Super Sweep 128 is designed mainly MS-DOS and CP/M BASICs to behave in
When reading the MS-DOS directory. for transferring text and data files. This odd manners. To load an ASCII 61c with
Super Sweep 128 ignores the file attri brings up a gener.il caveat. Program files MS-DOS or CP/M BASIC, the normal
bute (byte 11 ). except for the volume la written to am under MS-DOS (widi a file I.OAD'filenanie" command is used. A
bel and sutxlirectory attributes which do type Of EXE or .COM) will not work on SEQ text file ain also be loaded as a pro
not represent %~dlid files. This lets you dis the 128 or on a CP/M machine (the gram on the 128. 'ITiis is done in the fol
play and access hidden and system files CP/M executable file also has a file type lowing manner (many thanks to col
which do not show up on an MS-DOS of .COM, but the two are not inter league Jim Butterfield for demonstrating
D1R directory command. Super Sweep changeable) or vice versa. However, this trick to me).
128 sets director)' bytes 11-25 and 30-31 CP/M prognims for one machine, such as DOPEN# I,"filename"
to 0 when it is writing a new file, Tliis is the TRS-80. will usually work without SYS 65478,0,1
easier than trying to calculate a file cre change on another CP/M machine such DOLOSE
ation time, date, attribute, and so on. as the 128 in CP/M mode. In addition, if Incidentally, this is no magical ROM rou
Zero bytes in these locations are accept you download a CP/M program to an MS- tine, but the standard KERNAI. "CIIKIN"
ed by MS-DOS. DOS disk ;md men convert the file to function at hex IFFC6 which has been
Super Sweep 128 will recover unused CP/M format, the program will work in enhanced on the 128.
and scratched directory and data space CP M mode on die 128. Iliis is useful, for The file to be read in should be saved

108 MARCH 87
as a SEQ-ASCII file with Super Sweep is important for files to be used with MS- while in BASIC 7.0, they are both equiv
128. This routine reads in the text file DOS or CP/M BASIC. 128 BASIC 7.0 does alent to "VA".
listing ;ind converts it to a program, just not require spaces between keywords Although it is not an MS-DOS emula
as if you had entered each line directly and arguments, while both MS-DOS and tor, you will find Super Sweep 128 an in
from the keyboard. Because of this, it will CP/M BASICs do. For example, the state valuable utility for transferring files from
merge with, but not erase any program ment 10 FORI= 1TO10 is legitimate in one machine to another (and between
lines currently in memory. It can. there BASIC 7.0. For MS-DOS and CP/M BASIC modes on the 128 also) if you use both
fore, also be used to merge two or more it must be changed to 10 FOR I = 1 TO an MS-DOS computer and a 128. It is also
128 programs. You may get a syntax er 10. possible, with a little detailed knowledge
ror or out of data message after the pro It is also important to remember that of the disk formats, to use the same prin
gram listing has been read in. This is the number of significant characters in ciples for transferring files to/from other
caused by any extraneous text which BASIC 7.0 variable names is limited to computers and operating systems that
may be included at die end of the listing two, while both MS-DOS and CP/M BA use MFM t)pe disks, such as TRS-DOS
file. Normally, however, it has no effect SICS have no such restriction. VARI used on the Radio Shack computers or
on die loading on the program. ABLE 1 and VALUE2 are distinct variable possibly RS CoCo OS/9 disks to PET OS/9
The format of die BASIC source code names in MS-DOS and CP/M BASICs, format. H

Before typing this program, read "How to Enter Programs'' and "How to Use the Magazine )ATA 251,173,0,19,197,251,208,224,
Entry Program." The BASIC programs in this magazine are available on disk from Loadstar, 132,250,76,204,255,133,251,
P.O. Box 300(T. Shreveport, U 7II3O-0007,1-800-831-2694. 132'BJXJ
230 DATA 252,160,0,132,250,140,0,255,
Listing 1 32,201,255,160,0,162,63,142'BFXJ
10 PRINT"[CLEAR]CREATING MACHINE 240 DATA 0,255,177,250,162,0,142,0,

LANGUAGE PORTION 0F'"BATI 255,32,210,255,200,208,238,

20 PRINT"[DOWN2,SPACE9] 230'BGEL
SUPER SWEEP 128"'BAND 250 DATA 251,165,252,197,251,208,230,
30 PRINT"[DOWN2/SPACE15]BY"'BAFC 32,204,255,96,133,254,132,251,
40 PRINT"[DOWN,SPACE9]M. 160'BLWN
GARAMSZEGHY"'BAEF 260 DATA 0,132,250,140,0,255,162,64,

50 SU=0:FOR 1=2816 TO 3445:READ X 134,2 52,120,160,0,56,32,71'BDEM

:POKE I,X:SU=SU+X:NEXT'JBDN 270 DATA 255,173,0,221,205,0,221,208,

60 IF SUO 84362 THEN PRINT" [D0WN2, 248,69,252,41,64,240,242,162'BGSO
RVS]ERROR IN DATA STATEMENTS!!" 280 DATA 63,142,0,255,177,250,162,0,
:SND'GIW0 142,0,255,141,12,220,165,252'BFHP
70 BSAVE"SS.ML1",B0,P2816 TO P3445 290 DATA 73,64,133,252,169,8,44,13,
:PRINT"—> DONE <—":END'ERON 220,240,251,200,208,211,166,
100 DATA 133,251,160,0,132,250,140,0, 254'BHUQ
255,120,44,13,220,3 2,93,11'BERF 300 DATA 202,134,254,230,251,224,0,
110 DATA 32,61,11,201,2,144,27,41,14, 208,200,24,32,71,255,44,13,
201,0,208,21,32,61,11'BYUF 220'BGUI
120 DATA 41,14,201,0,208,17,32,61,11, 310 DATA 173,0,221,9,16,141,0,221,169,
3 2,61,11,32,61,11,32"BXXG 8,44,13,220,24 0,251,17 3'BCOI
130 DATA 61,11,88,32,204,255,96,142,1, 320 DATA 12,220,133,255,173,0,221,41,
19,7 6,50,11,16 9,8,44'BYBH 239,141,0,221,88,32,204,255'BFGK
140 DATA 13,220,240,251,173,0,221,73, 330 DATA 96,132,252,133,251,169,0,133,
16,141,0,221,173,12,220,162'BFSJ 250,141,0,255,32,201,255,160'BHKL
150 DATA 63,142,0,255,145,250,162,0, 340 DATA 0,162,63,142,0,255,177,250,
142,0,255,200,96,173,0,221'BDKK 162,0,142,0,255,133,254,201'BEKL
160 DATA 73,16,141,0,221,173,12,220, 350 DATA 13,240,40,165,254,201,31,144,
96,133,252,134,250,132,251, 37,201,64,240,30,41,192,201'BGWN
160tBHDM 360 DATA 0,240,22,165,254,41,32,201,0,
170 DATA 0,140,0,255,120,44,13,220,32, 208,7,165,254,9,128,76'BBCN
93,11,32,61,11,41,14'BYWL 370 DATA 187,12,165,254,41,95,76,187,
180 DATA 201,0,208,20,160,0,32,61,11, 12,165,254, 32,210,255,200,192'BHPP
192,0,208,249,166,252,202'BDDN 380 DATA 0,208,190,230,251,166,251,
190 DATA 134,252,230,251,224,0,208, 228,252,208,18 2,32,204,255,96,
238,88,96,133,251,169,0,141,0'BFYP 169'BJLQ
200 DATA 255,133,250,32,198,255,160,0, 390 DATA 0,76,187,12,133,251,169,0,
32,207,255,162,63,142,0,255'BGXH 133,250,141,0,255,32,198,255'BEHQ
210 DATA 145,250,162,0,142,0,255,32, 400 DATA 160,0,76,234,12,32,183,255,
183,255,208,12,200,208,233, 208,86,32,207,255,133,254,201'BGYJ
230'BHCI

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 109

128 USERS ONLY/SUPERSWEEP 128
160 WINDOW 0,21,79,24,1:RETURN'COQF
410 DATA 13,208,30,162,63,142,0,255, 170 WINDOW 3,9,74,19,1:RETURN'CNCG
145,250,162,0,142,0,255,200'BEDJ 180 WINDOW 50,9,77,19,1
420 DATA 192,0,208,8,230,251,169,254, :PRINT" ENTER[SPACE4]FOR[DOWN]"
197,251,240,52,169,10,76,39'BFTL :FOR 1=1 TO 5:PRINT I"—>[SPACE2]
430 DATA 13,201,64,240,18,41,192,201, "TY$(I):NEXT:WINDOW 3,9,45,19,1
0,240,8,165,254,41,128,201fBEKL :RETURN1JQTV
440 DATA 0,240,35,165,254,41,127,162, 190 POKE 208,0:PRINT FO$"[DOWN]
63,142,0,255,14 5,250,162,0'BERM ** PRESS A KEY TO CONTINUE **"FFS
450 DATA 14 2,0,255,200,192,0,208,173, :GET KEY A$:RETURN'FQZS
23 0,251,165,251,201,254,208, 200 BANK 0:F3$="":FOR J=l TO 11
165'BJJO :F3$=F3S+CHRS(PEEK(Y+J)):NEXT
460 DATA 132,250,32,204,255,96,165, :RETURN'MBOJ
254,41,32,201,0,208,7,165,254'BFWP 210 PB=PEEK(4 62 5)*256 + 256:CB=PB + 512 0
470 DATA 9,32,76,39,13,165,254,41,95, :BU=CB+5120:TP=6502 3
76,39,13,133,251,134,250'BCAP :POKE 4864,TP/256'LBWP
480 DATA 162,63,142,0,255,160,0,169, 220 FO$=CHR$(15):FF$=CHRS(14 3):SD=8
32,14 5,250,200,208,251,162,0'BFGR :TD=9:SF=1:TF=2:CF=0
490 DATA 142,0,255,96,0,0'BQTK :BL? = "[SPACE15] '"KPLQ
EHD
230 DIM T(1360) ,S (1360) ,ES (16) ,FA(2,

Listing 2 361),SM(36),NS(144) , NTS(144) ,

NI(144),TYS(5)'BVHO
10 IF RGR(0)<>5 THEN PRINT"[CLEAR,RVS] 240 SA(1)=2970:SA(2)=32 84:SA(3)=2921
SWITCH TO 80 COL[DOWN]" :TA(1)=3021:TA(2)=3185
:PRINT"THEN TYPE RUN":END'IGFL :TA(3)=3067'GJDQ
20 TRAP 30:WINDOW 0,0,79,24,1 250 PRINT"[CLEAR]"TAB(32)"SUPER SWEEP
:BLOAD"SS.ML*",B0,P2816:GRAPHIC CLR 128":PRINT TAB(31)"BY M.
:FAST:GOTO 210'HISL GARAMSZEGHY"'EHDO
30 PRINT ERR$(ER):GOSUB 190'DIFC 260 PRINT" [CMDR A]";:FOR 1=1 TO 76
40 IF EL=20 THEN RESUME 20'EGPE :PRINT"[SHFT *]";:NEXT
50 IF ER = 5 AND EL=130 THEN A?="R" :PRINT"[CMDR S]";:FOR 1=3 TO 19
:RESUME 700'HOUJ :CHAR,1,I," [SHFT -] "
60 IF ER=4 THEN RESUME 820 :CHAR,78,I,"[SHFT -]":N£XT'NFSU
:ELSE RESUME 630'GKGI 270 PRINT"[SPACE2,CMDR Z]";
70 SA=SA(3):SE=1:ZS-0:FOR DZ=Z1 TO Z2 :FOR 1=1 TO 76:PRINT"[SHFT *]";
:PRINT#F,"U0@"+CHRS(T(DZ))+CHRS(S :NEXT:PRINT"[CMDR X]";'HLRM
(DZ))+ CHRS(1J+CHRS(T(DZ)):GOSUB 90 280 TY$(1)="SEQ ASCII":TY$(2)="SEQ
:NEXT:DM=AD+256:RETURN'UMVG PET[SPACE2]":TYS(3)="CP/M SS
80 SA=TA(3):SE=2:PRINT#3, [SPACE2]":TY$(4)="CP/M DS[SPACE2]"
"U0"+CHR$(Bl+2)+CHR$(TR)+CHR$(DZ) :TY$(5)="MS-DOS DS"'FJKB
+CHRS(1)+CHRS(TR)'OJBW 290 GOSUB 150:PRINT"[CLEAR,DOWN]
90 AD=DM+ZS*256*SE:IF AD>=TP THEN ENTER SOURCE DRIVE CHARACTERISTICS
RETURN:ELSE SYS(SA),SE,0,AD/256 :"'CEVR
:ZS=ZS+1:RETURN'POYY 300 GOSUB 180:PRINT"FILE TYPE[SPACE4]
100 SA=SA(3):SE=2:PRINT#F, "SF"[LEFT4]";:INPUT SF'DKQG
"U0"+CHR$(B1)+CHR$(TR)+CHRS(DZ) 310 GOSUB 170:PRINT"UNIT #[SPACE2]
+CHR$(1)+CHRS(TR):GOTO 90'OLXN 11SD" [LEFT4] "; : INPUT SD : XF=SF :D=SD
110 SA=TA(3):SE=1:ZS=0:FOR DZ = Z1 TO Z2 :F=1:GOSUB 130'HBIN
:PRINT#3,"U0B"+CHR$(T(DZ))+CHR$(S 320 GOSUB 150:PRINT"[CLEAR,DOWN]
(DZ))+CHRS(1)+CHR$(T(DZ)):GOSOB 90 ENTER TARGET DRIVE CHARACTERISTICS
:NEXT:DM=AD+256:RETURN'UMFY :"'CELL
120 PRINT TAB(20)"[DOWN6] 330 GOSUB 180:PRINT"FILE TYPE[SPACE4]
INSERT "TY$(XF)'r DISK IN UNIT #"D "TF"[LEFT4]";:INPUT TF'DKSJ
:PRINT TAB(22);:GOTO 190'FUSK 340 GOSUB 170:PRINT"UNIT #[SPACE2]
130 CLOSE F:POKE 2588,0 "TD"[LEFT4]";:INPUT TD:XF=TF:D=TD
:OPEN F,D,15,"U0":Q=PEEK(2588)AND :F=2:GOSUB 130:GOSUB 150'IFFR
64:IF Q=64 OR XF<3 THEN 350 DCLOSE U(SD):DCLOSE U(TD)
RETURN'MICN :IF CF=0 AND(SF=3 OR SF=4 OR TF=3
140 PRINT"[CLEAR,DOWN3,SPACE3j OR TF«4)THEN CF=1:ELSE 410'PNSV
"TY$(XF)" DISK REQUIRES A 1571 360 CHAR,19,10,FO$+"** INITIALIZING
DRIVE":GOSUB 190:A$=UR" CP/M SECTOR TABLE **"+FF$'DNLR
:GOTO 700'ESJN 370 FOR 1=1 TO 17:SM(I)=20:NEXT
150 WINDOW 3,3,77,19,1:RETURN'CNED

110 MARCH'87
128 USERS ONLY/SUPERSWEEP 128
:FOR 1=18 TO 24:SM(I)=18:NEXT DISK!!":PRINT"[DOWN]
:FOR 1=25 TO 30:SM(I)=17:NEXT INSERT CORRECT DISK":GOSUB 190
:FOR 1=31 TO 35:SM(I)=16:NEXT'UICE :GOTO 540'FKCT
380 T = 1:S = 10:TO2:FOR 1=0 TO 679 630 GOSUB 160:PRINT"OPTIONS:"
:T(I)=T:T(1 + 680)=T+35:S {I)=S :PRINT" T —> TAG FILE TO COPY
:S (1+680)=S:S=S + 5:TC=TC+1 [SPACE6]U —> UN-TAG A FILE
:IF S>SM(T)THEN S=S-SM(T)-1'XXFN [SPACE10JN —> NEXT FILE"'DFJY
390 IF TOSM(T)THEN T = T+1: S = 0 : TC = 0 640 PRINT" C —> COPY TAGGED FILES
:IF T=18 THEN S=5:TC=1'MCWU [SPACE5JR —> RESET SOURCE/TARGET
400 NEXT:GOSUB 150'CEWY [SPACE4]Q —> QUIT";'BBYU
410 XF=SF:D=SD:F=2:GOSUB 120:GOSUB 130 650 GOSUB 150:PRINT"[DOWN2]
:GOSUB 150:DR=0:F1=1 "TAB(10)TYS(SF)" FILES ON UNIT
:IF SF=4 THEN F1=2'MNCP #"SD:GOSUB 170:CO=0'FYMR
420 CHAR,22,10,FO$+"** READING SOURCE 660 FOR 1=1 TO MX:PRINT I"
DIRECTORY * *"+FF$:FI = 1:DK = PB'FWVQ : [SPACE2]"NS(I);:IF NI(I)THEN
430 FA=F1:MX=0:ON SF GOSUB 440,440, PRINT TAB(30)"--> "NTS (I) ; 'IDRS
510,510,540:GOTO 630'FJXL 670 GET KEY A$:IF A$="C"THEN GOSUB 160
440 PRINT#2,"I0":OPEN 1,SD,0,"S0:*=S" :GOSUB 150:GOTO 730'IQNP
:IF DS THEN 500:ELSE SYS SA(1), 680 IF A$="T"THEN IF NI(I)=0 THEN
PB/256,1'HFLO NI(I)=1:CO=CO+1:NT$(I)=NS(I)
450 M=PEEK(250)+PEEK<251)*256:BANK 0 :INPUT"[SPACE2]—> TARGET FILE
:FOR I=PB+32 TO M-32 STEP 32 NAME";NT$<I)'LPDE
:MX=MX+1'OJOU 690 IF A$="U"THEN IF NI(I)=1 THEN
460 FOR J=3 TO 16:IF PEEK(I+J)<>34 NI (I)=0:PRINT"[LEFT 15]"BL$;BL$;
THEN NEXT'KLUM :CO=CO-1'KEKG
470 N$(MX)="":FOR K=J+1 TO 32 700 IF A$="R"THEN GOSUB 160:GOSUB 150
:A=PEEK{I+K):IF A=34 THEN 490'LAYR :GOTO 290'GNWH
480 N$(MX)=N$(MX)+CHR$(A):NEXT K'EROM 710 IF A$="Q"OR A$=CHRS(27)THEN
490 NI(MX)=0:NEXT I:DCLOSE U(SD) 1280'GMXI
:RETURN'ERQN 720 PRINT:NEXT:PRINT:PRINT
500 PRINT DS$:CLOSE 1:GOSUB 190 :GOTO 660'FHOH
:GOTO 440'ENBE 730 PRINT TAB(10)"[DOWN3]
510 GOSUB 535:DM=DK:Z1=0:Z2=8*FA-1 COPY >>"CO"FILES: FROM
:GOSUB 70:IF DR THEN RETURN'KAOM >>"TY$(SF)", ON UNIT"SD
520 FOR Y=PB TO DM-1 STEP 32 :PRINT TAB(29)"[DOWN]
: IF PEEK(Y)<>229 AND TO >>"TY${TF)", ON UNIT"TD'ECFY
PEEK(Y+12)<F1 THEN GOSUB 200 740 PRINT TAB(25);:INPUT"[DOWN2]
:MX=MX+1:NI(MX)=0:N$(MX)=F3$'TYYA OK <Y/N>";O$:IF 0$<>"Y"THEN
530 NEXT:RETURN'CBXD 630'HOUO
535 PRINT#F,"U0"+CHRS(10):RETURN'EHXL 750 DR=1:DK=CB:FI=2:F2=1:GOSUB 150
540 GOSUB 535:SYS 2816,DK/256 :IF TF=4 THEN F2=2'JCUS
:IF(PEEK(DK)AND 160)0160 OR 760 FA=F2:XF=TF:D=TD:F=3:GOSUB 120
PEEK(DK+2)<>9 THEN 620'OLST :GOSUB 130:GOSUB 170
550 ZS=0:DM=DK:B1=64:TR=0 :ON TF GOSUB 1150,1150,510,510,
:FOR DZ=6 TO 9:GOSUB 100:NEXT'JCMQ 540'JCLY
560 B1=80:FOR DZ = 1 TO 3:GOSUB 100:NEXT 770 GOSUB 150:PRINT"[DOWN]COPYING:"
:DM=AD+512:IF DR THEN 590'KDBR :GOSUB 170:FG=0:FOR CX=1 TO MX
570 FOR I=PB TO DM-1 STEP 32 :IF NI{CX)=0 THEN 820'KELX
:IF PEEK(I)=0 THEN 590 780 FG=1:XF=SF:D=SD:F=2:FS=N${CX)
:ELSE IF PEEK(I)<>229 AND : IF SD = TD THEN GOSUB 120
PEEK(I+11)<>8 THEN Y=I-1:GOSUB 200 :GOSUB 170'KLLY
:MX=MX+1:NI(MX)=0:NS(MX)=F3$'CKYM 790 DM=BU:PRINT F$;:ON SF GOSUB 840,
580 NEXT'BAEH 840,890,890,1080:IF M>TP THEN
590 ZS=0:DM=DM+256:B1=64:TR=0:ZS=0 M=TP'INFX
:FOR DZ=2 TO 3:GOSUB 100:NEXT 800 DM=BU:XF=TF:D=TD:F=3
:DM=AD+512:BANK 0:FOR 1=0 TO 360 :FS=NT$(CX)+BLS:IF SD=TD THEN
:P=DK+3840+INT(1.5*I)'WPXM GOSUB 120:GOSUB 170'LQPT
600 IF I AND 1 THEN FA(FI, 810 SYS 3420,(M+1J/256,
I)=PEEK(P+1)*16+INT(PEEK(P)/16) M-INT((M+1J/256)* 256 + 1
:ELSE FA(FI,I)=PEEK(P)+256*(PEEK :IF M>BU THEN PRINT" —> "F$
(P+l)AND 15)'TVWW :ON TF GOSUB 870,87 0,930,930,
610 NEXT:RETURN'CBXC 1160'PGMA
620 PRINT:PRINT"THIS IS NOT AN MS-DOS

COMMODORE MAGAZINE HI
 128 USERS ONLY/SUPERSWEEP 128
1080 GOSUB 535:FOR I=PB TO PB+3580
STEP 32:IF PEEK(I)=0 OR
820 NEXT CX:IF FG THEN ON TF GOSUB
PEEK(I+11)=8 OR PEEK(I+11)=16 OR
1150,1150,1070,10 70,1220'FGVN
PEEK(I)=229 THEN 1100'VSQY
830 PRINT"[DOWN2] > DONE < "
1090 Y=I-1:GOSUB 200:IF F$=F3STHEN
:GOSUB 190:GOTO 630'DIUL
1110'GRMJ
840 OPEN 1,SD,8,"0:"+N$(CX)
1100 NEXTlRETURN'CBXU
:IF DS=0 THEN 860'FUAO
1110 BANK 0:ZS=0:SC=PEEK(I+26)+PEEK
850 PRINT"[RVS]ERROR >> ";DSS
{1+27)*256:M=BU+PEEK(I+28)+PEEK
:GOSUB 190:CLOSE 1:CLOSE 4
(I+29)*256'ROCP
:GOTO 820'FQVP
1120 SS= (SC-2)*2 + 12:GOSUB 1140
860 SYS(SA(SF)),BU/256,1
:GOSUB 100:SS=SS+1:GOSUB 1140
:M=PEEK(2 50)+PEEK(2 51)*256:CLOSE 1
:GOSUB 100'KJCJ
:RETURN'JJRV
1130 SC=FA(1,SC) : IF SO360 OR SC<6
870 OPEN 4,TD,8,"0:"+NT$(CX)+",S,W"
THEN RETURN:ELSE 1120'IYNH
:IF DS THEN 850'FUMS
880 SYS(TA(TF)),BU/256,4,M/256+l 1140 SI=INT((SS-INT(SS/18)*18)/9)
:DZ=SS-INT(SS/9)*9+l
:CLOSE 4:RETURN' GAET
:TR=INT(SS/18):B1=64
890 GOSUB 535:NB=0:NR=0
:IF SI THEN B1=80'UAUX
:FOR Y=PB TO PB+F1*2040 STEP 32
1150 RETURN'BAQY
:GOSUB 200:IF F$OF3$THEN 920'ONOD
1160 GOSUB 535:BANK 0:FOR Y=CB TO
900 NR=PEEK(Y+15):NB = PEEK(Y+12 )
CB+3580 STEP 32:IF PEEK(Y)=0 OR
:FOR Z=16 TO 31:B=PEEK(Y+Z)'MCAR
PEEK(Y)=229 THEN 1170:ELSE NEXT
910 IF B THEN Z1=B*4*F1:Z2=Z1+4*F1-1
:GOTO 1270'ROFT
:GOSUB 70:NEXT'LUQP
1170 DR=Y:FOR J=10 TO 31:POKE Y+J,0
920 NEXT Y:M=BU+NR*128+NB*16384
:NEXT:NC=5:GOSUB 1260:NC=J
:RETURN'HSON
:LE=M-BU'MJMR
930 GOSUB 535:XE=0:FOR JJ=BU TO M-l
1180 POKE DR+26,NC AND 255
STEP 16384*F2:GOSUB 1000:DM=JJ
:POKE DR+27,NC/256
:FOR K=0 TO 15'NLPW
:FOR DM=BU TO M-l STEP 1024'LHDQ
940 Z1=ES(K+l)*4*F2:Z2=Z1+4*F2-1
1190 ZS=0:SS=(NC-2)*2+12:GOSUB 1140
:IF JJ+K*1024*F2<M THEN GOSUB 110
•-GOSUB 80:SS=SS + 1:GOSUB 1140
:NEXT:K=16'RODC
:GOSUB 80'LLKS
950 NR=INT((M-JJ+127)/128)
1200 GOSUB 1260:FA(2,NC)=J:NC=J:NEXT
:IF F2=l AND NR>128 THEN NR=128
:FA(2,NC)=4095:BANK 0
:ELSE IF NR>128 THEN 990'PNWB
:FOR J=l TO ll'JPDJ
960 BANK 0:NB=K:DI=CB+32*DF:POKE DI,0
1210 POKE DR+J-1,ASC(MID$(F$,J,1))
:FOR 1=1 TO 11:POKE DI + I,
:NEXT:POKE DR+28,LE-INT(LE/256)
ASC(MID$(F$,I,1)):NEXT'OQKC
*256:POKE DR+29,LE/256
970 POKE DI+12,XE:FOR 1=13 TO 31
:RETURN'QVVQ
:POKE DI+I,0:NEXT:FOR 1=1 TO NB
:POKE DI+15+I,ES(I)rNEXT'PNBD 1220 DM=CB:ZS=0:B1=64:TR=0
980 POKE DI+15,NR:XE=XE+1:NEXT JJ IFOR DZ=6 TO 9:GOSUB 80:NEXT
:RETURN'GRZT :B1=80:FOR DZ=1 TO 3:GOSUB 80
990 XE=XE+1:NR=NR-128:IF NR>128 THEN :NEXT'PPIP
NR=128:GOTO 960:ELSE 960'KHQB 1230 BANK 0:DM=CB+3840:FOR 1=0 TO 359
1000 DF=0:FOR 1=0 TO 16:ES(I)=0:NEXT :P=DM+INT(1.5*1)'KCTK
:FOR 1=2 TO 169:FA(2,I)=0 1240 IF I AND 1 THEN POKE P,((FA(2,
rNEXT'LHIG I)AND 15)*16)OR PEEK(P)
1010 FOR I=CB TO CB+2040*F2 STEP 32 :POKE P+1,FA(2,I)/16
:IF PEEK(I)=229 THEN 1030'KYQF :ELSE POKE P,FA(2,I)AND 255
1020 FOR J=16 TO 31:FA(2,PEEK(I+J))=1 :POKE P+1,FA(2,I)/256'RMWX
:NEXT:DF=DF+1'JYMG 1250 NEXT:ZS=0:B1=64:TR=0
1030 NEXT:IF DF>64*F2 THEN 1060'FLAB :FOR DZ=2 TO 3:GOSUB 80:NEXT:ZS=0
1040 N=1:FOR 1=2 TO 169 '.FOR DZ = 4 TO 5:GOSUB 80:NEXT
:IF FA(2,I)=0 THEN ES(N)=I :GOTO 170'QOBS
:FA(2,I)=1:N=N+1:IF N>16 THEN 1260 FOR J=NC+1 TO 359:IF FA(2,
RETURN1PPLP J)THEN NEXT:GOTO 1270
1050 NEXT'BAEX :ELSE RETURN'KVWL
1060 PRINT"[DOWN2]CP/M DISK FULL" 1270 PRINT"[DOWN2]MS-DOS DISK FULL"
:GOSUB 1070:GOSUB 190 :GOSUB 1220:GOSUB 190
:GOTO 630'ENQH :GOTO 630'ENXL
1070 DM=CB:Z1=0:Z2=8*FA-1:GOSUB 110 1280 WINDOW 0,0,79,24,1:SLOW:END'DPUI
:GOTO 170'HXAJ END

112 MARCH'87
SOFTWARE REVIEWS/JET AND SCENERY DISKS
Continuedfrom pg. 32 avoid accessing die disk once die main smaller region which will contain more
while not hindering the performance of program is loaded in. local landmarks.
your plane. I was impressed with Jet's colors. Jet's In conclusion, a plus for Jet is die fact
The game randomly selects ;i group of creator kept tilings simple by using blue diat its very forgiving of minor mistakes.
targets before the Target Strike challenge for the sky and water, green for the In fact, I've taken off from die grass sur
begins. Several nights ago a certain fac ground, black and white for objects, and rounding die runway several times lately.
tory in the sequence of structures on the yellow for miscellaneous. The only ex The programmer has also made this
ground was a target. Tonight the same ception to diis color scheme is when you flight simulation less complicated and
facton' is just a part of the scenery. take off from die carrier. Here die ocean more enjoyable for die average comput
is green so yoii can tell die difference be er user. Most consumers will enjoy diis
Hints tween sky and water. flight simulation more dian odiers, be
My advice to new players is to learn Sounds in die program are good The cause it was written and documented
how to recognize each t\pe of enemy noise of the jet has two separate voices. A more widi them in mind.
aircraft by its shape. Then study the tech rumbling sound is always there, and as On die odier hand../ef lacks die editor
nical data available for each MIG in the you modify your dirust. a high-pitched mode of die Flight Simulator II. You're
operating manual and observe their at whine lets you hear die increase and de forever cursed to thing clear blue skies
tack strategies in the air. This research crease of power. under ideal weather conditions. Jet's
should reveal possible enemy weak screen updating system could also use
nesses and help you formulate a method Scenery Disks some improvement. As diings are, die
of dealing with your foes. The Scenery Disks were constructed viewing screen is slowly updated during
As you play the game, keep a watchful from digitized sectional maps. Sectional even' few seconds of flight. It really
eye on the radar screen. If you detect an maps define an area by displaying many needs a smoother updating system.
incoming surface-to-air-missile, whatever of die physical features of that region, in After working with /ctf for many hours,
you do—don't panic A clever player will cluding airports, bodies of water and Randy and I tooth agree that the flight
automatically begin an evasive maneu highways. Some pilots prefer using sec simulation is quite entertaining. We both
ver Sometimes you cap simply avoid a tional maps when they fly because it's enjoyed its combat missions, and I still
missile by changing your heading. And easier to navigate from one location to find them very challenging. I recOm-
once in a while you may even get a another using die predominant features mend/ef for eleven year-olds and up. gj
glimpse of a missile coming toward you beneath you as reference points.
if your jet is pointed right. Sublogic took die sectional maps dis
A wise player will fly his bombing mis playing die United States and condensed
sions as low to die ground ;ls possible about diree of mem into each Scenery
Can Your
This Strategy makes it hard for the sur Disk. The entire continental United
face-to-air missiles to track you. States is stored on 12 disks. Population
Computer Make
Sooner or later one of those little dev was a major factor in determining how YOU
ils will score a direct hit on your air ship. many square miles would fit on a single
When this happens, die screen will begin Scenery Disk, because the greater the MILLIONAIRE?
flashing red and the aircraft will start population of ;m area, die more land
tumbling out of control. If you should marks and airports diere are. That ex 'LOTTERY 64 • LOTTERY +4
find yourself in this deadly situation, plains why large regions of die West can
It costs no more to buy a
eject from your plane. Yes, the pilot has a be stuffed onto one disk.
WINNING lottery ticket!
short period of time to abandon ship. A Several nights ago I loaded in Scenery
successful ejection before the aircraft Disk #6. which covers a region contain LOTTERY was designed to use the raw power of
crashes cams the pilot a new plane. You ing Omaha, Wichita and Kansas City. In your computer to help you play the various
can also eject even if die jet hasn't been recent years. I have actually flown lottery games: LOTTO, PICK 3. PICK 4, LUCKY
hit. If you're flying along and decide to around die Quincy, Illinois, area and I LOTTERY, 6/49, SUPER LOTTO etc We do not
eject, you c;in watch the jet fly away be wanted to see how accurately that loca believe there is a better syslem than the
original LOTTERY 04 & LOTTERY -4
low you as you hang from your para tion was depicted in die program. I can
chute. Your only restriction is you can honestly say that the runways of the Join the growing list of winners
eject from a plane only twice per game. Quincy airport arc properly displayed.
widi several major liighways to die west SPECIFY 64/126 or PLUS/4
Evaluation of the city appearing correctly. To order send S24 95 lor each plus
The graphics ofJet are simple but ade I have also used die electronic naviga S3 00 posiage and handling per order to
quate. Everything found on the control tional aids of die Scenery Disk flying die Illinois residents add 6% sales lax
instrument screen is evenly spaced and Piper Archer from Flight Simulator II.
easy to read. Unfortunately, objects in the Basically, these electronic navigational
air and things on the ground contain very aids work well.
few details. MIGs in the air resemble COD orders call i312 566-4647
The Scenery Disks are a lot of fun,
simple wire graphic images, while oil They contain major roads, airports and
C^Q Superior Micro Systems, irtc
tanks on die ground arc merely shapes. It bodies of water, SubLogjc is releasing a
seems that the programmers tried to series of Star Disks for flying around a Deaif' ingwues welcome
 WIN YOUR CHESSMASTER SPITFIRE
STATE
Continued from pg. 26 Continued from ps- 28

strategy and—hopefully—learn to apply caused a crack-up yet, I suspect that as I

these to your own game. Since the games accumulate more thing time, die game

LOTTO have already been played—some of

them hundreds ofyears agt)—die recrea
will grow less forgiving of my sloppy
landings.
With Your Computer! tion of them is swift In one sense, then, the built-in but
WHY USE LUCK TO SELECT YOUR LOTTO You can really learn alot from the doc undisclosed difficulty factors add a
NUMBERS? This fun to use computer pro umentation. The rules and playing of the measure of excitement and uncertainty
gram for most home computers will quickly
tell you what numbers are 'due', any patterns
game was provided by the I'nitcd States to play On die other hand, tlie rule-
and trends, what groups to play and more! Chess Federation, who also include with book's circumspection runs the risk of
Make your selections based on the laws of the game a card for discount member undercutting the satisfaction that
probability and INCREASE your chances of
winning! NO RANDOM NUMBERS, this pro ship. This section is well illustrated and conies with experience. A game which
gram performs an actual ANALYSIS of the easy to understand. The booklet also fea penalizes you without warning for ac
past 30 drawings! You select the most likely
tures a history of chess, a section on tions it previously allowed treads a fine
choices, {it's not likely others will select the
same one you do either). You keep the data world-class chess players, a history of line between challenge and frustration.
up to date by simply adding the latest win chess as played by machines, the library Even' game of Spitfire '40 begins
ners! Works for ail states and Canada.
of classic games contained on die Games slowly due to the necessity of taking off
disk, and a section on famous chess prob and climbing to the altitude of die Ger
lems. Hopefully it will get you in the man fighter planes. Once you encoun
frame of mind to defeat the computer ter the enemy, however, the action
ob i&Ute -Co: once and for all. speeds up to a blur. Dogfights are fast
SOFT-BYTE But if you can't defeat the computer. and lethal, and can literally end in die
P.O. Box 556 F. Pk. you can always defeat a friend. Cbess- blink of an eye. In fact, combat may be a
Dayton, OH 45405 master 2000 allows you to play against a shade too deadly. Aircraft in Spitfire '40
(513) 233-2200
person with the computer as judge, sig never sustain partial damage—enemy
Fast service on charge cards, checks or
money orders. Only $21.95 for these com naling illegal moves and mates. fighters either shoot you out of th^ sky
puters—Commodore 64/128, Apple, IBM-PC, Because Chessmaster 2000 is very so or miss completely, llic game do js not
Atari, TRS-80, and the Super Macintosh ver
phisticated, it supports moves forgotten give you the chance to parachute to
sion is $29.95. Please add $1.50 shipping.
or ignored by some versions of the game, safety out of a downed plane ar J avoid
such as Castling En Passant and Pawn losing credit for any kills scored in die

BLUE READER Promotion. In Castling, which involves

moving two pieces on one turn, desig
current mission.
A more serious problem with Spitfire
Continued from pg. $5 nating tlie move for die King will cause '40 is the sease of sameness that sets in
read from or written to even though the the rook to automatically move to his after a dozen flights or so. Although Spit
physical length of a sector varies from former place—but only if the computer fire pilots historically faced several types
track to track. Commodore's GCR for decides the move is legal at mis time. of German fighters and bombers during
mat, on the other hand, pays DO attention Don't try anything sneaky. the Battle of Britain, in the simulator
to the index hole; instead, timing Is han You may also choose to have die com your foe is limited to a single kind of
dled by synchronization marks that die puter play against itself. You could learn a fighter, the Messerschmitt 109. The mis
drive writes on each sector. bit by watching this, but you'll probably sions also lack any distinct objectives.
Because CP/M and MS-DOS both em find it to be a bit more interesting if you Your sole concern is improving your per
ploy IBM System-3-* formatting, you and a friend place side bets on the differ sonal score. Other than that, you are nev
might think that their disks would be in ent colors and...well, never mind. Or er out to accomplish any particular goal,
terchangeable. No such luck. The way rather man play a frill game from start to nor are you trying to prevent the enemy
the dam is managed on the disk differs in finish, you can set up the board with any planes from fulfilling some design of their
CP/M and MS-DOS. classic chess problem or one of your own. Each new mission essentially be
Fortunately, however, the Commo own. much like taking over a game in comes a repeat of the previous flight:
dore 1571 is really two drives in one and progress. only tlie level of difficult}- changes.
can recognize both GCR and System-34. Chessmaster 2000 is a colorful and ex The unvarying nature of tlie missions
Its ROM is such that die 1571 can under citing addition to the library of computer In Spitfire '40 tlireatens to make even the
stand CP/M, but not MS-DOS—which is chess. Graphic representation is clear thrills of combat seem commonplace
why it can read and write Kaypro and and sharp and tlie sound, while not nec after awhile, The games ability to retain
Osborne disks, but not IBM-PC disks. essary, can be made to come and go at your interest over the course of repeated
What The Big Blue Reader does is will. The documentation is interesting playings is questionable. If the pursuit of
over-write the 1571 ROM with instruc and informative, and the routines of 3-D personal glory provides motivation and
tions that enable it to make sense of MS- perspective and board rotation, while challenge enough, then Spitfire '40 will
DOS. Then it can't recognize CP/M until they may not improve your game, are not disappoint you. Given time, however.
it's reset, but that's hardly cause for com most worthwhile. And certainly, all of us it will not excite you much either. I
plaint—unless, of course, you'd like to at one time or another have found the would recommend it for the novice flyer
exchange data between CP/M and MS- solution to a problem by stepping back who is just getting his wings.
DOS or Commodore dusks. Q and viewing it from a different angle. Qj a

114 MARCH'87
GNOME KIT MASTERTRONICS C OMB
Continuedfrom pg. y) Continued from pg. -il
sional appearance of the titled sword Authorized Liquidator
provides are simple ways to rename a
provides you with some offensive punch,
disk and rename file names. This means
you can rewrite each directly. For in
temporarily transforming your character Commodore 64
into a winged, invincible super-knight.
stance, it' a program needs to be loaded
using the LOAD"name",8,1 command,
Big Mac. a Mastertronic re-release of a BUSINESS
you could rewrite the name to include a
past favorite, follows the undercover ex
SOFTWARE
ploits of Agent 007 .V3- His mission: to
,8,1: after it and before the program file
infiltrate the arch enemy's power station
Identification. Thus, to properly load
and shut down its energy supply without
such a machine-language program, all
being detected. Eighteen different cham
you need to do is list the directory, type
bers (screens) must be entered, crossed
LOAD over the block size and press RE-
and cleared for the operation to be a suc
TURN. And presto, die program loads
cess. Hach room is a unique visual puzzle.
back into the same memory location it
requiring a different strategic approach
was saved from.
for completion Players without nerves of
Hie disk facility is a real lifesaver when
steel need not apply;
a voltage shortage splats a sequential file
For those who enjoy space games. A 4-pack of most needed software
or the disk is otherwise corrupted. A
One Man and His Dmid and .Xontena- for efficient business operations!
knowledgeable programmer could use
queous are right in your orbit. Hie first is General Ledger
the program to reconstruct the end of • Has 8 general ledger options.
an unusual outer space roundup where
the file so it can be saved. • Provides 150 chart-of-accounts.
the player must corral and capture an • 1500 general journal transactions.
The program's command structure is
alien form of sheep called ramboids. The • Maintains account balances for month,
simple and direct, requiring you only lie- quarter and year.
wrangling is performed by a joystick-
gin each command with a period fol • Custom income statements, trial
controlled droid, who can tunnel, fly and balances, full reports and more.
lowed by a one-letter command. After a
dig his way around die herd in an at Inventory Management
repeating command is issued {like auto • Tracking of 1000 inventory items.
tempt to get them to market The unfa • Maintains perpetual inventory records.
matic numbering or dump to printer).
miliar game Objective and uncommon • Calculates use, reorders, cost
the command is in effect until it is either
averaging, etc.
control structure may take a little getting
cancelled or you hit a SEuTT/RETURN. Payroll
used to. but once you've played it. you • Provides 24 different payroll functions.
The program's powerful commands
wont want to put it down. • Calculates payroll and tax deductions.
I've mentioned in tliis review only begin
Nbnterraqueous is a search-and-de- • Prints payroll checks.
to describe die gold mine of program • Interfaces with General Ledger software.
stroy epic that spans over 1,000 screens.
mer aids Gnome Kit contains. I found the Accounts Payable/Checkwriting
Players must battle wave after wave of • Combines tracking of vendor payables
more I used Gnome Kit, the more help 1
with an integrated checkwriting system.
alien craft in an attempt to reach a tyran
could squeeze out of each command. It's • Maintains master file, provides
nical computer that has taken mind con
like a microwave oven—you don't know invoice listings.
trol over the inhabitants of your futuristic • Gives aging report by 30, 60, 90 days.
how helpful it can be until you use it. and • Interfaces with General Ledger software.
then you don't want to cook without it. planet It is an unabashed shoot-'em-up
90-Day Limited Factory Warranty.
that will give your trigger finger an ex
The program comes with a 38-page
hausting workout. Mfr. List'199.80

$39
manual containing examples and a quick
reference card. Several sample programs The final package, containing Kane ENTIRE SET of 4
and Human Race, is a gaming smorgas Liquidation Price . .
are also stored on die prognim disk and Item H-2094-7025-059 Ship, hand: $4.00/set
serve as a tutorial. Kira Software will bord. Hach contest is actually a compila
NOTE: Also available by Individual titles.
:scnd a registered owner a duplicate tion of Several short arcade tests linked Phone for prices.

disk for $5. You must also be a regist ■ together by a common theme In Kane Credit card customer* can ordei by phona,

ered owner to receive phone support. you take on die role of an Old West sher 24 houra a day, MHH1
7day»a weak. VISA ■■•■<■ -■- ■

Kira brought all the very best pro iff. Surviving a day in the life of a lawman
will be a tough task, as you will be asked Toil-Free: 1-800-328-0609
gramming aids together in Gnome Kit Sales outside the 46 contiguous ttattt are subject Id
and serves them up in one compact easy- to display your adeptness at horse han special conditions. Please call or write to inquire.

to-use package The kit is ideal for serious dling, bow and arrow hunting and Main
SEND TO: llem H-2094

programmers, whether novice or exper Street showdowns. C.O.M.B. Direct Marketing Carp.
1405 Xenium Lane N/Minneapolis, MN 55441-44S4
ienced. If you've been losing sleep trac Human Race traces man's 35-million Send Commodore Business Software Sel(s) Item H-
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Ed Note: As this review went to p>vss, through time will surely take time. But Name

Address
several new features had been added to even- episode is solvable, so stick with it. Crty
the 128 wsion; BASIC scrolling both For those of you whose gaming appe State ZIP

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Sign Here
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 GAME PROGRAMS BY RICHARD l:. DAUrv AND SALLY I. DALEY

Conundrum
for the
Commodore 64

W ebster defines conundrum ;is a puz

zle that is difficult or nearly impossible to
solve. Thus comes the name for this
game. A quick glance at die game's tic-
tac-toe-like design and the short list of
rules makes thoughts of playing Conun
drum very deceptive, for while the play
ing screen and the rules for play are sim
ple, winning is not. If you are challenged
by nearly impossible puzzles, then this
game is for you!
Upon running this program, a title-
page is displayed on die screen. When
you press RETURN, die screen clears and
a blue box divided into nine sections ap This puzzle is only for those who are
pears on die screen. These sections are
[lumbered from one to nine beginning
stimulated by nearly impossible challenges!
with the upper left-hand section going
from left to right After a very brief delay, also affected. For example, when you en using die above rules, you might want to
each of diese nine sections is filled with ter die number 9 wanting to reverse its experiment widi making up your own
color—either red or green. At tlic lx>t- color from red to green, die color of sec rules for changing the colors. The code
tom of the screen is the question tions five, six, and seven will also be re which controls the color changes is
■WHICH ONE TO REVERSE?" with a versed. This would be helpful when sec found in lines -i30 to SI Oof die program.
flashing checkerboard-pattern cursor tion five is green and sections six and Variable T contains die count of how
next to it. seven are red. but what if they are already many sections are to be reversed when a
To play, press a number key between die proper color? particular section is chosen. The values
1 and 9. The computer will immediately There are three rules that apply to of RV() specih- which sections these are.
reverse the color of the appropriate diese color changes. When changing die 1 lea- is a helptiil hint to diose who
sections, so you don't need to press color of each of die four comers (sec have become discouraged with the near
RETURN to enter the number. tions one, diree. sevea and nine). each of ly impossible aspects of this game. Re
The object of Conundrum is to have the two adjacent seetioas plus the center verse seetioas so diat die colors are ar
all of die outside sections (seetioas one. section (section five) will also change. ranged in a symmetrical pattern. Then
two. diree, four. six. seven, eight, and For example, if you choose to reverse winning is a matter of only a few more
nine) colored green, with die center sec section diree. seetioas two, five and six key strokes. Simple, right?
tion (section five) colored red. The num will also be. reversed. It should be noted at this point diat
ber diat you enter informs die computer When changing die color of a section one of die Daleys under die byline of
of which section you want die color re In die center of each side (sections two, Richard F. Daley and Sally J. Daley has yet
versed. For example, if section nine is four. six. and eight), die adjacent comer to win one game! Imagine die emotional
red. press the number 9 key. and it will sections will also be changed. If you en duress under which diis one Daley must

become green. ter die number 8, sections seven and work, for any time die odier Daley wan
Hey. wait! Don't turn the page yet! nine will also be reversed. And when you ders by, die cry arises, "I can't stand it!"
There's a little complication that you select section five, die positions adjacent and in only a few keystrokes, die game is

must consider as you arc pressing keys to to it (sections two, four, six. and eight) won. I often wonder what die Daley who
change colors. When you reverse die- will change as well. always wins would kx>k like widi a com

color of one section, other seetioas are Once vou have mastered Conundrum puter monitor as a hat! Q]

Before taping this program, read "How to Enter Programs" and "How io Use the .Magazine "*** [RVS] CONUNDRUM [RVOFF]
Entry Program." TTie BASIC programs in this magazine arc available on disk from loadstar. ***"'CFAL
P.O.'Box 3000-Shrcveport. [A "1IW-OOO" 1-800-831-2694.
190 PRINT " [D0WN3] ";TAB(19) ;"BY'"CFVH
200 PRINT "[DOWN2]";TAB(12);
Conundrum
"RICHARD F. DALEY"'CFQC
180 PRINT "[CLEAR,D0WN4]";TAB(11);

116 MARCH'87
GAME PROGRAMS/CONUNDRUM
340 REM'BARB
210 PRINT TAB(18);"AND"'CEWY 350 GOSUB 1020: PRINT'CFJE
220 PRINT TAB(13);"SALLY J. 360 WN=0: GOSUB 580: IF WNO0 THEN
DALEY"'CEMD 650'GORK
230 GN$="[GREEN,RVS,SPACE5,RVOFF,DOWN, 370 PRINT " [CYANJWHICH ONE TO
LEFT5,RVS,S PACE 5,RVOFF,DOWN,LEFT 5, REVERSE?[SPACE6,LEFT5]" ;
RVS,SPACE2,RIGHT,SPACE2,DOWN, : GOSUB 790'CFRQ
LEFT5,RVS,S PACE5,RVOFF,DOWN,LEFT5, 38 0 IF VAL(KB$)<1 OR VAL(KBS)>9 THEN
RVS,S PACE5,RVOFF,UP4,RIGHT]"■BDBV PRINT "[UP2]": GOTO 370'JQMP
240 RD$="[RED,RVS,SPACE5,RVOFF,DOWN, 390 IF SQ(VAL(KB$))=1 THEN
LEFT5,RVS,SPACE5,RVOFF,DOWN,LEFT5, SQ(VAL(KB$))=0: GOTO 410'HYXP
RVS,SPACE2,RIGHT,SPACE2,DOWN, 400 SQ(VAL(KB$))-l'CKIB
LEFT5,RVS,SPACE5,RVOFF,DOWN,LEFT5, 410 ON VAL(KB$) GOTO 430,440,450,460,
RVS,SPACE5,RVOFF,UP4,RIGHT]"'BDAW 470,480,490,500,510'DPLI
250 RTS = "[RIGHT11]": DN$="[DOWN5] 420 GOTO 350'BDHB
'"CHCF 430 T=3: RV(1)=2: RV(2)=4: RV(3)=5
260 PRINT "[DOWN]PRESS [RVS]RETURN : GOTO 520: REM SQUARE l'GKLN
[RVOFF] TO BEGIN"'BADJ 440 T=2: RV(1)=1: RV(2)=3: GOTO 520
270 GET KBS: IF KB$OCHR$(13) THEN : REM SQUARE 2'FDNL
270'GOGJ 450 T=3: RV(1)=2: RV(2)=5: RV(3)=6
280 DIM SQ(9),RV(9)'BLSH : GOTO 520: REM SQUARE 3'GKPP
290 PRINT "[CLEAR]": POKE 53280,0 460 T=2: RV(1)=1: RV(2)=7: GOTO 520
: POKE 53281,0'DQOK : REM SQUARE 4'FDTN
300 GOSUB 920: FOR CT=1 TO 9 470 T=4: RV(1)=2: RV(2)=4: RV(3)=6
: SQ(CT)=0: IF RND(TI)>.65 THEN : RV(4)=8: GOTO 520
SQ(CT)=1'KGAK : REM SQUARE 5'HRXT
310 NEXT CT'BCZY 480 T=2: RV(1)=3: RV(2)=9: GOTO 520
320 REM'BARY : REM SQUARE 6'FDAP
.330 REM *** MAIN LOOP ***'BOID 490 T=3: RV(1)=4: RV(2)=5: RV{3)=8

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 GAME PROGRAMS/CONUNDRUM
750 PRINT "[HOME,DOWN2,PURPLE]";DNS;
: GOTO 520: REM SQUARE 7'GKXT DNS;DNS;DNS;"HOW CLUMSY OF YOU!
500 T=2: RV(1)=7: RV(2)=9: GOTO 520 YOU LOSE!": GOTO 710'CVWU
: REM SQUARE 8'FDBJ 760 REM'BARH
510 T = 3: RV(1)=8:. RV(2)=5: RV(3)=6 770 REM *** KEYBOARD INPUT SUBROUTINE
: REM SQUARE 9'FGSK ***'B£XQ
520 FOR CT=1 TO T: IF SQ(RV(CT))=1 780 REM'BARJ
THEN SQ{RV(CT))-0: GOTO 540'IGMN 790 PRINT "[RVS,CMDR +,RVOFF,LEFT]";
530 SQ(RV(CT))-l'BLDF 'BBOM
540 NEXT CT: GOTO 350'CGPF 800 GET KB$'BDGD
550 REM'BARE 810 IF KB$<>"" THEN IF ASC (KB$) O13
560 REM *** CHECK FOR WIN ***'BROJ THEN PRINT " ": RETURN'LLMM
570 REM'BARG 820 FOR CT=1 TO 40'DFDH
580 FOR CT=1 TO 9: IF SQ(CT)=1 THEN 830 GET KB$'BDGG
WN=WN+1' IRMQ 840 IF KBSO"" THEN IF ASC(KB$)<>13
590 NEXT CT: IF WN=8 AND SQ(5)=0 THEN THEN PRINT " ": RETURN'LLMP
WN=1: RETURN1IQFR 850 NEXT CT: PRINT "[CMDR +,LEFT]";
600 IF WN = 0 THEN WN=-l: RETURN'GHEF : FOR CT=1 TO 40'FKSN
610 WN=0: RETURN'CEDD 860 GET KB$'BDGJ
620 REM'BARC 870 IF KBSO"" THEN IF ASC(KB$)<>13
630 REM *** GAME OVER - DISPLAY THEN PRINT " ": RETURN'LLMS
WINNER AND EXIT ***'BKEN 880 NEXT CT: GOTO 790'CGXM
640 REM'BARE 890 REM'BARL
650 J=0: IF WN=-1 THEN 750'FJCK 900 REM *** SUBROUTINE TO PRINT THE
660 PRINT "[L. GREEN,HOME,DOWN,RIGHT, GRID ON THE SCREEN ***'BQQP
SHFT M,SPACE2,SHFT N,DOWN,LEFT3, 910 REM'BARE
SHFT M,SHFT N,DOWN,LEFT3] [CMDR M] 920 PRINT DN$;RT$;"[UP3,BLUE,CMDR A,
[DOWN,LEFT3] [CMDR M] [RIGHT,UP3/ SHFT *,SHFT C,SHFT *3,CMDR R,
RIGHT2,SHFT N,CMDR T,SHFT M,DOWN, SHFT *,SHFT C,SHFT *3,CMDR R,
LEFT3,CMDR G] [CMDR M] [DOWN, SHFT *fSHFT C,SHFT *3,CMDR S]rr
LEFT4,CMDR G] [CMDR M] [DOWN, : GOSUB 980: FOR J=l TO 2'FQRC
LEFT4]";'BBHI 930 PRINT RTS;"[CMDR Q,SHFT *,SHFT C,
670 PRINT "[SHFT M,CMDR @,SHFT N,UP3, SHFT *3,SHFT +,SHFT *,SHFT C,
RIGHT2,CMDR G] [CMDR M] [DOWN, SHFT *3,SHFT +,SHFT *,SHFT C,
LEFT4,CMDR G] [CMDR M] [DOWN, SHFT *3,CMDR W]": GOSUB 980'CIRX
LEFT4,CMDR G] [CMDR M] [DOWN, 940 NEXT J: PRINT RT$;"[CMDR Z,SHFT *,
LEFT4,SHFT M,CMDR @,SHFT N,UP3, SHFT C,SHFT *3,CMDR E,SHFT C,
RIGHT6]";'BBPD SHFT *4,CMDR E,SHFT *,SHFT C,
680 PRINT "[CMDR G,SPACE2,CMDR M,DOWN, SHFT *3,CMDR X]": PRINT "[BELLOW,
LEFT4,CMDR G,SPACE2,CMDR M,DOWN, HOME]"DN$RT$"[DOWN]";'DODC
LEFT4,CMDR G,SPACE2,CMDR M,DOWN, 950 FOR CT=1 TO 9: PRINT "[RIGHT2]";
LEFT4]";'BBZV CT;"[RIGHT]";'EKXN
690 PRINT "[SHFT M,SHFT NfSHFT M, 960 IF CT/3 = INT(CT/3) AND CTO9 THEN
SHFT N,UP3,RIGHT2,SHFT N,CMDR T, PRINT: PRINT "[DOWN5]";RTS;'LRMU
SHFT M,DOWN,LEFT3,CMDR G] [CMDR M, 970 NEXT CT: RETURN'CDYL
DOWN,LEFT3,CMDR G] [CMDR M,DOWN, 980 FOR CT=1 TO 5: PRINT RTS;"[SHFT -,
LEFT3,SHFT M,CMDR @,SHFT N,UP3, SPACE5,SHFT -,SPACE5,SHFT -,
RIGHT,CMDR M,SHFT M,SPACE3,CMDR G, SPACE5,SHFT -]": NEXT CT
DOWN,LEFT6]";'BBYL : RETURN'GNFX
700 PRINT "[CMDR M] [SHFT M,SPACE2, 990 REM'BARM
CMDR G,DOWN,LEFT6,CMDR M,SPACE2, 1000 REM *** SUBROUTINE TO DISPLAY
SHFT M] [CMDR G,DOWN,LEFT6,CMDR M, CURRENT STATUS OF SQUARES
SPACE3,SHFT M,CMDR G,UP3,RIGHT, ***'BWUH
SHFT -,DOWN,LEFT,SHFT -,DOWN,LEFT, 1010 REM'BART
SHFT -,DOWN,LEFT,SHFT W]"'BAHX 1020 PRINT "[HOME,DOWN]";DN$;RT$;"
710 PRINT "[HOME,DOWN3]";DN$;DNS;DN$; [UP2,RIGHT]";: FOR CT=1 TO 9'EPXC
DN$;"[WHITE]DO YOU WISH TO PLAY 1030 IF SQ(CT)=1 THEN PRINT GN$;
AGAIN? ";:GOSUB 790'CWGP : GOTO 1050'FQHC
720 IF LEFT$(KB$,1)="Y" THEN 290'EKAI 1040 PRINT RD$;'BEQX
730 PRINT "[CLEAR,L. BLUE] 1050 IF CT/3=INT(CT/3) THEN PRINT
THANKS FOR THE GAMEU1BABK : PRINT "[DOWN5]";RT$;"[RIGHT]";
740 POKE 53280,14: POKE 53281,6 1 IPXH
: END'DRAK 1060 NEXT CT: RETURN'CDYA
cNIJ

118 MARCH'87
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HOW TO ENTER PROGRAMS
Th< ie programs which appear in this This will list line 270 to the screen. lem is somewhere in the data state
magazine have been run, tested and Look for any non-obvious mistakes ments. Check the data statements for
checked for bugs and errors. After a like a zero in place of an O or vice- missing commas or other typos.
program is tested, it is printed on a versa. Check for semicolons and co If the variable is not coming from
letter quality printer with some for lons reversed and extra or missing data statements, then the problem
matting changes. This listing is then parentheses. All of these things will will be a little harder to find. Check
photographed directly and printed in cause a syntax error. each line that contains the variable
the magazine. Using this method en There is only one time a syntax for typing mistakes.
sures the most error-free program error will tell you the wrong line to
listings possible. look at. If the line the syntax error
Out Of Data Error
Whenever you see a word inside This error message is always relat
refers to has a function call (e.g., FN
brackets, such as [DOWN], the word ed to the data statements in a pro
A(3)), the syntax error may be in the
gram. If this error occurs, it means
represents a keystroke or series of line that defines the function, rather
that the program has run out of data
keystrokes on the keyboard. The than the line named in the error mes
items before it was supposed to. It is
word [DOWN] would be entered by sage. Look for a line near the begin
usually caused by a problem or typo
pressing the cursor-down key. If mul ning of the program (usually) that has
in the data statements. Check first to
tiple keystrokes are required, the DEF FN A(X) in it with an equation
see if you have left out a whole line of
number will directly follow the word. following it. Look for a typo in the
data. Next, check for missing commas
For example, [DOWN4] would mean equation part of this definition.
to press the cursor-down key four between numbers. Reading data from
a page of a magazine can be a strain
times. If there are multiple words Illegal Quantity Error
on the brain, so use a ruler or a piece
within one set of brackets, enter the This is another common error mes
of paper or anything else to help you
keystrokes directly after one another. sage. This can also be caused by a
keep track of where you are as you
For example, [DOWN,RIGHT2] typing error, but it is a little harder to
enter the data.
would mean to press the cursor-down find. Once again, list the line number
key once and then the cursor-right that the error message refers to. Other Problems
key twice. Note: Do not enter the There is probably a poke statement It is important to remember that
commas. on this line. If there is, then the error the 64 and the PET/CBM computers
In addition to these graphic sym is referring to what is trying to be will only accept a line up to 80 char
bols, the keyboard graphics are all poked. A number must be in the acters long. The VIC 20 will accept a
represented by a word and a letter. range of zero to 255 to be poke-able. line up to 88 characters long and the
The word is either SHFT or CMD and For example, the statement POKE 128 a line up to 160 characters long.
represents the SHIFT key or the Com 1024.260 would produce an illegal Sometimes you will find a line in a
modore key. The letter is one of the quantity error because 260 is greater program that runs over this number
letters on the keyboard. The combi than 255. of characters. This is not a mistake in
nation [SHIFT E] would be entered by Most often, the value being poked the listing. Sometimes programmers
holding down the SHIFT key and is a variable (A,X...). This error is tell get so carried away crunching pro
pressing the E. A number following ing you that this variable is out of grams that they use abbreviated com
the letter tells you how many times to range. If the variable is being read mands to get more than the standard
type the letter. For example, [SHFT from data statements, then the prob number of characters on one line.
A4.CMD B3] would mean to hold the
SHIFT key and press the A four times, H"IHOME]" -UNSHIFTED CLR/ HOME *1 ■[PURPLE]--CONTROL 5

then hold down the Commodore key H "[Cl£AFr = SHIFTED CLR/HOME 0 jGREEN)-- CONTROL 6
and press the B three times. tjj [DOWN]" => CURSOR DOWN H -;BLUE1"= CONTROL 7
The following chart tells you the Q "IUP1" "CURSOR UP R '[YELLOWr-CONTROL 8 [F4|' = F4
keys to press for any word or words 0 -|ORANGE|" = COMMODORE 1
IT IRIGHT]"- CURSOR RIGHT Hw-n
inside of brackets. Refer to this chart
H "[LEFT]11 = CURSOR LEFT P IBROWN1'-COMMODORE 2 ■1[F6|11-F6
whenever you aren't sure what keys
R !RVS|"= CONTROL 9 n-[L RED|"-COMMODORE 3 ■ l"[F7r-F7
to press. The little graphic next to the
keystrokes shows you what you will S "[RVOFFI"-CONTROL 0 [j "[GRAYll" -COMMODORE 4
see on the screen. ■ i -[BLACK1 CONTROL t H -iGRAY2r = COMMODORE 5 Ej ■■(POUND]" -ENGUSH
\t "[WHITEr-CONTROL 2 II [L OREENI" -COMMODORE 6 POUND
Syntax Error
H "lRED]-= CONTROL 3 fVlL BLUElir = COMMODORE 7 iji [SHFT'i'-PI SYMBOL
This is by far the most common
error encountered while entering a n "ICYANr-CONTROL 4 R "iORAYS]"-COMMODORE B jf| "'"!"
program. Usually (sorry folks) this GRAPHIC SYMBOLS WILL BE REPRESENTED AS EITHER THE LETTERS
means that you have typed something SHFT (SHIFT) AND A KEY ("[SHFT Q.SHFT J.SHFT D.SHFT S]") OR THE
incorrectly on the line the syntax er LETTERS CMDR (COMMODORE) AND A KEY ("[CMDR Q.CMDR
ror refers to. If you get the message G.COMDR Y.CMDR H]"). IF A SYMBOL IS REPEATED, THE NUMBER OF
"?Syntax Error Break In line 270," REPETITIONS WILL BE DIRECTLY AFTER THE KEY AND BEFORE THE
type LIST 270 and press RETURN. COMMA r(SPACE3,SHFT S4.CMDR M21").
HOW TO ENTER PROGRAMS
You can enter these lines by abbrevi line of the program for typos or miss errors and increase your understand
ating the commands when you enter ing parts. Finally, press the RUN/STOP ing of programming.
the line. The abbreviations for BASIC key while the program is "running." If you live in the country, don't
commands are in your user guide. Write down the line the program have a local user group, or you simply
If you rype a line that is longer than broke at and try to follow the pro can't get any help, write to us. If you
the acceptable number of characters, gram backwards from this point, look do write to us, include the following
the computer will act as if everything ing for problems. information about the program you
is ok, until you press RETURN. Then, are having problems with:
a syntax error will be displayed IfAll Else Fails The name of the program
(without a line number). Many people You've come to the end of your The issue of the magazine it was in
write that the computer gives them a rope. You can't get the program to The computer you are using
syntax error when they type the line, run and you can't find any errors in Any error messages and the line
or that the computer refuses to ac your typing. What do you do? As al numbers
cept a line. Both of these problems ways, we suggest that you try a local Anything displayed on the screen
are results of typing a line that has too user group for help. In a group of A printout of your listing (if
many characters. even just a dozen members, someone possible )
is bound to have typed in the same All of this information is helpful in
The Program Won't Run!! program. The user group may also answering your questions about why
This is the hardest of problems to have the program on a library disk a program doesn't work. A letter that
resolve; no error message is dis and be willing to make a copy for you. simply states "I get an error in line
played, but the program just doesn't For S9.95 per issue, you can also get 250 whenever I run the program"
run. This can be caused by many all the BASIC programs in each issue, doesn't give us much to go on. Send
small mistakes typing a program in. as well, from Loadstar, P.O. Box your questions to:
First check that the program was 30007, Shreveport, LA 711300007. Commodore Magazines
written for the computer you are us If you do get a working copy, be 1200 Wilson Drive
ing. Check to see if you have left out sure to compare it to your own ver West Chester, PA 19380
any lines of the program. Check each sion so that you can learn from your ATTN: Program Problem Q

HOW TO USE THE MAGAZINE ENTRY PROGRAMS

X he Magazine Entry Programs on the program will tell you where to rest of the line. This is a checksum
the next pages are two BASIC ma find the problem. Otherwise the pro that the Magazine Entry Program uses.
chine language programs that will as gram will say "mistake in data state Enter the line and the letters at the
sist you in entering the programs in ments." Check to see if commas are end and then press RETURN, just as
this magazine correctly. There are missing, or if you have used periods you normally would.
versions for both the Commodore 64 instead of commas. Also check the If the line is entered correctly, a
and the Commodore 128. Once the individual data items. bell is sounded and the line is entered
program is in place, it works its magic Once the program has run, it is in into the computer's memory (with
without you having to do anything memory ready to go. To activate the out the characters at the end).
else. The program will not let you program type SYS49152 (SYS4864 on If a mistake was made while enter
enter a line if there is a typing mistake the 128), and press RETURN. You are ing the line, a noise is sounded and an
on it, and better yet, it identifies the now ready to enter the programs error message is displayed. Read the
kind of error for you. from the magazine. To disable the En error message, then press any key to
try Program, just type KILL (RETURN) erase the message and correct the
Getting Started on the 64 or SYS4867 on the 128. line.
Type in the Magazine Entry Pro The checksums for each line are
gram carefully and save it as you go the same for both the 64 and 128, so IMPORTANT
along (just in case). Once the whole you can enter your 64 programs on If the Magazine Entry Program sees
program is typed in, save it again on the 128 if you'd like. a mistake on a line, it does not enter
tape or disk. Now RUN the program. that line into memory. This makes it
The word POKING will appear on the Typing the Programs impossible to enter a line incorrectly.
top of the screen with a number. The All the BASIC program listings in
number will increment from 49152 this magazine that are for the 64 or Error Messages and
up to 49900 (4864-5545 on the 128) 128 have an apostrophe followed by What They Mean
and just lets you know that the pro four letters at the end of the line (e.g., There are five error messages that
gram is running. If everything is ok, 'ACDF). If you plan to use the Maga the Magazine Entry Program uses.
the program will finish running and zine Entry Program to enter your pro Here they are, along with what they
say DONE. Then type NEW. If there is grams, the apostrophe and letters mean and how to fix them.
a problem with the data statements, should be entered along with the Continued next page
HOW TO USE THE MAGAZINE ENTRY PROGRAMS
NO CHECKSUM: This means that the line in the magazine again and many characters, instead of a simple
you forgot to enter the apostrophe check your spelling. misspelling. Check spelling of BASIC
and the four letters at the end of the # OF CHARACTERS: This means commands if you can't find anything
line. Move the cursor to the end of that you have either entered extra else wrong.
the line you just typed and enter the characters or missed some characters. UNIDENTIFIED: This means that
checksum. Check the line in the magazine again. you have either made a simple spell
QUOTE: This means that you for This error message will also occur if ing error, you typed the wrong line
got (or added) a quote mark some you misspell a BASIC command, but number, or you typed the checksum
where in the line. Check the line in create another keyword in doing so. incorrectly. Spelling errors could be
the magazine and correct the quote. For example, if you misspell PRINT as the wrong number of spaces inside
KEYWORD: This means that you PRONT, the 64 sees the letter P and quotes, a variable spelled wrong, or a
have either forgotten a command or R, the BASIC keyword ON and then word misspelled. Check the line in
spelled one of the BASIC keywords the letter T. Because it sees the the magazine again and correct the
(GOTO, PRINT. .) incorrectly. Check keyword ON, it thinks you've got too mistake. g

MAGAZINE ENTRY PROGRAM-64

The Magazine Entry Programs are available on disk, along with the other 1025 DATA C0 , 60 ,0A,A8,B9,0F,C0,85
programs in this magazine, for J9.95. To order, contact Loadstar at 1-800-831-2694. 1026 DATA FB ,B9 ,10,C0,85,FC,A0,00
10 PRINT"[CLEAR]POKING -"; 1027 DATA A9,12 ,20,D2,FF,B1,FB,F0
20 P=49152 :REM $C000 (END AT 1028 DATA 06,20 ,D2,FF,C8,D0,F6,20
49900/SC2EC) 1329 DATA BC,C2 ,20,E4,FF,F0,FB,A0
30 READ A$:IF AS="END"THEN 110 1030 DATA 18,B9 ,08,C1,20,D2,FF,88
40 L=ASC(MID$(AS/2,1)) 1031 DATA 10,F7 ,68,68,A9,00,8D,00
50 H=ASC(MID5(A$,l,l)) 1032 DATA 02,4C ,74,A4,4B,49,4C,4C
60 L=L-48:IF L>9 THEN L = L-7 1033 DATA 91,91 ,00,20,20,20,20,20
70 H=H-48:IF H>9 THEN H=H-7 1034 DATA 20r20 ,20,20,20,20,20,20
80 PRINT11 [HOME,RIGHT12] "P; 1035 DATA 20,20 ,20,20,20,20,20,91
90 IF H>15 OR L>15 THEN PRINT 1036 DATA 0D,51 ,55,4F,54,45,00,4B
:PRINT"DATA ERROR IN LINE"; 1037 DATA 45,59 ,57,4F,52,44,00,23
1000+INT((P-49152J/8):STOP 1038 DATA 20,4F ,46,20,43,48,41,52
100 B=H*16+L:POKE P,B:T=T+B:P=P+1 1039 DATA 41,43 ,54,45,52,53,00,55
:G0T0 30 1040 DATA 4E,49 ,44,45,4E,54,49,46
110 IF TO86200 THEN PRINT 1041 DATA 49,45 ,44,00,4E,4F,20,43
:PRINT"MISTAKE IN DATA —> CHECK 1042 DATA 48,45 ,43,4B,53,55,40,00
DATA STATEMENTS":END 1043 DATA C8,B1 ,7A,D0,FB,84,FD,C0
120 PRINT"DONE":END 1044 DATA 09,10 ,03,4C,84,C1,88,88
1000 DATA 4C,IF,C0,00,00,00,00,00 1045 DATA 88,88 ,88,B1,7A,C9,27,D0
1001 DATA 00,00,00,00,00,00,00,21 1046 DATA 13,A9 ,00,91,7A,C8,A2,00
1002 DATA C1,27,C1,2F,C1,3F,C1,4C 1047 DATA B1,7A ,9D,3C,03,C8,E8,E0
1003 DATA C1,EA,EA,EA,4C,54,C0,A2 1048 DATA 04,D0 ,F5,60,A9,04,4C,CA
1004 DATA 05,30,19,00,95,73,CA,10 1049 DATA C0,A0 ,00,B9,00,02,99,40
1005 DATA F8,60,60,A0,03,B9,00,02 1050 DATA 03,F0 ,F0,C8,D0,F5,A0,00
1006 DATA D9,04,C1,D0,F5,88,10,F5 1051 DATA B9,40 ,03,F0,E6,99,00,02
1007 DATA A0,05,B9,A2,E3,99,73,00 1052 DATA C8,D0 ,F5,20,96,C1,4C,12
1308 DATA 88,10,F7,A9,00,8D,18,D4 1053 DATA C2,A0 ,09,A9,00,99,03,C0
1309 DATA 4C,EF,C0,E6,7A,D0,02,E6 1054 DATA 8D,3C ,03,88,10,F7,A9,80
1010 DATA 7B,4C,79,00,A5,9D,F0,F3 1055 DATA 85,02 ,A0,00,20,58,C1,20
1011 DATA A5,7A,C9,FF,D0,ED,A5,7B 1056 DATA 89,Cl ,20,ED,C1,E6,7A,E6
1012 DATA C9,01,D0,E7,20,2B,C0,AD 1057 DATA 7B,20 ,7C,A5,A0,00,20,80
1313 DATA 00,02,20,74,C0,90,DC,A0 1058 DATA C0,F0 ,D0,24,02,F0,06,4C
1014 DATA 00,4C,A9,C1,C9,30,30,06 1059 DATA A8,C0 ,4C,CE,C1,C9,22,D0
1315 DATA C9,3A,10,02,38,60,18,60 1060 DATA 06,20 ,8D,C0,4C,CE,C1,20
1016 DATA C8,B1,7A,C9,20,D0,03,C8 1061 DATA BA,C0 ,4C,CE,C1,A0,00,B9

1317 DATA D0,F7,B1,7A,60,18,C8,B1 1062 DATA 00,02 ,20,74,C0,C8,90,0A

1018 DATA 7A,F0,37,C9,22,F0,F5,6D 1063 DATA 18,6D ,07,C0,8D,07,C0,4C

1219 DATA 03,C0,8D,03,C0,AD,04,C0 1064 DATA EF,C1 ,88,A2,00,B9,00,02

1020 DATA 69,00,8D,04,C0,4C,8E,C0 1065 DATA 9D,00 ,02,F0,04,E8,C8,D0

1021 DATA 18,6D,05,C0,8D,05,C0,90 1066 DATA F4,60 ,18,AD,09,C0,69,41
1022 DATA 03,EE,06,C0,EE,09,C0,4C 1067 DATA 8D,09 ,C0,38,AD,0A,C0,E9
1023 DATA CE,C1,18,6D,08,C0,8D,08 1068 DATA 19,90 ,06,8D,0A,C0,4C,1C
1024 DATA C0,90,03,EE,07,C0,EE,0A 1069 DATA C2,AD ,0A,C0,69,41,8D,0A
1070 DATA C0,AD,03,C0,6D,05,C0,48 1082 DATA CD,3E,03,D0,0E,AD,0C,C0
1071 DATA AD,04,C0,6D,06,C0,8D,0C 1083 DATA CD,3F,03,D0,06,20,CC,C2
1072 DATA C0,68,6D,08,C0,8D,0B,C0 1084 DATA 4C,4B,C0,9 8,4 9,68,4C,CA
1073 DATA AD,0C,C0,6D,07,C0,8D,0C 1085 DATA C0,A9,20,8D,00,D4,8D,01
1074 DATA C0,38,E9,19,90,06,8D,0C 1086 DATA D4,A9,0 9,8D,0 5,D4,A9,0F
1075 DATA C0,4C,52,C2,AD,0C,C0,69 1087 DATA 8D,18,D4,60,20,A9,C2fA9
1076 DATA 41,8D,0C,C0,AD,0B,C0,E9 1088 DATA 81,20,DF,C2,A9,80,20,DF
1077 DATA 19,90,06,8D,0B,C0,4C,67 1089 DATA C2,4C,D9,C2,20,A9,C2,A9

1078 DATA C2,AD,0B,C0,6 9,41,8D,0B 1090 DATA 11,20,DF,C2,A9,10,20,DF

1079 DATA C0,A0,01,AD,09,C0,CD,3C 1091 DATA C2,A9,00,8D,04,D4,60,8D
1080 DATA 03,D0,20,C8,AD,0A,C0,CD 1092 DATA 04,D4,A2,70,A0,00,88,D0
1081 DATA 3D,03,D0,17,C8,AD,0B,C0 1093 DATA FD,CA,D0,FA,60,END END

MAGAZINE ENTRY PROGRAM-128

5 TRAP 200 1036 DATA 43,54,45,52,53, 00,55,4E
10 PRINT" [CLEAR]POKING -"; 1037 DATA 49,44,45,4E,54,49,46,49
20 P=4864 :REM $1300 (END AT 1038 DATA 45,44,00,4E,4F,20,43,48
5545/S15A9) 1039 DATA 45,43,4B,53,55,4D,00,C8
30 READ A$:IF A$="END"THEN 110 1040 DATA Bl,3D,D0,FB,C0,09,10,03
80 PRINT" [H0ME,RIGHT12] "P; 1041 DATA 4Cr69,14,88,88,88,88,88
100 B=DEC (A$):POKE P,B:T=T+B:P=P+1 1042 DATA B1,3D,C9,27,D0,13,A9,00
:G0TO 30 1043 DATA 91,3D,C8,A2,00,B1,3D,9D
110 IF TO59314 THEN PRINT 1044 DATA 00,0B,C8,E8,E0,04,D0,F5
:PRINT"MISTAKE IN DATA —> CHECK 1045 DATA 60,4C,5C,15,4C,C5,14,A0
DATA STATEMENTS":END 1046 DATA 09,A9,00,99,06,13,8D,00
120 PRINT"DONE":END 1047 DATA 0B,88,10,F7,A9,80,85,FD
200 PRINT :PRINT"DATA ERROR IN LINE"; 1048 DATA A0,00,20,3F,14,20,AE,14
1000 + INT( (P-4864)/8) :END 1049 DATA 20,0D,43,84,FA,A0,FF,20
1000 DATA 4C,1E,13,4C,3A,13,00,00 1050 DATA 67,13,F0,D8,24,FD,F0,06
1001 DATA 8E,00,F7,00,42,41,51,57 1051 DATA 20,8F,13,4C,8F,14,C9,22
1002 DATA 0D,00,0D,4 3,08,14,0E,14 1052 DATA D0,06,20,74,13,4C,8F,14
1003 DATA 16,14,26,14,33,14,A9,00 1053 DATA 20,9F,13,4C,8F,14,A0,00
1004 DATA 8D,00,FF,AD,04,03,8D,12 1054 DATA B9,00,02,20,5B,13,C8,90
1005 DATA 13,AD,05,03,8D,13,13,A2 1055 DATA 0A,18,6D,0A,13,8D,0A,13
1006 DATA 4A,A0,13,8E,04,03,8C,05 1056 DATA 4C,B0,14,88,60,18,AD,0C
1007 DATA 03, 60,AD,12,13,8D,04,03 1057 DATA 13,69,41,8D,0C,13,38,AD
1008 DATA AD,13,13,8D,05,03,60,6C 1058 DATA 0D,13,E9,19,90,06,8D,0D
1009 DATA 12,13,A5,7F,D0,F9,AD,00 1059 DATA 13,4C,CF,14,AD,0D,13,69
1010 DATA 02,20,5B,13,90,F1,A0,00 1060 DATA 41,8D,0D,13,AD,06,13,6D
1011 DATA 4C,6F,14,C9,30,30,06,C9 1061 DATA 08,13,48,AD,07,13,6D,09
1012 DATA 3A,10,02,38,60,18,60,C8 1062 DATA 13,8D,0F,13,68,6D,0B,13
1013 DATA B1,3D,C9,20,D0,03,C8,D0 1063 DATA 8D,0E,13,AD,0F,13,6D,0A
1014 DATA F7,B1,3D,60,18,C8,B1,3D 1064 DATA 13,8D,0F,13,38,E9,19,90
1015 DATA F0,35,C9,22,F0,F5,6D,06 1065 DATA 06,8D,0F,13,4C,05,15,AD
1016 DATA 13,8D,06,13,AD,07,13,69 1066 DATA 0F,13,69,41,8D,0F,13,AD
1017 DATA 00,80,07,13,40,75,13,18 1067 DATA 0E,13,E9,19,90,06,8D,0E
1018 DATA 6D,08,13,8D,08,13,90,03 1068 DATA 13,4C,1A,15,AD,0E,13,69
1019 DATA EE,09,13,EE,0C/13,60,18 1069 DATA 41,8D,0E,13,A0,01,AD,0C
1020 DATA 6D,0B,13,8D,0B,13,90,03 1070 DATA 13,CD,00,0B,D0,20,C8,AD
1021 DATA EE,0A,13,EE,0D,13,60,0A 1071 DATA 0D,13,CD,01,0B,D0,17,C8
1022 DATA A8,B9,14,13,85,FB,B9,15 1072 DATA AD,0E,13,CD,02,0B,D0,0E
1023 DATA 13,8 5,FC,A0,00,8C,00,FF 1073 DATA AD,0F,13,CD,03,0B,D0,06
1024 DATA A9,12,20,D2,FF,B1,FB,F0 1074 DATA 20,89,15,A4,FA,60,98,48
1025 DATA 06,20,D2,FF,C8,D0,F6,20 1075 DATA 68 , 4C,AF,13,A9,04,4C,AF
1026 DATA 79,15,20,A3,15,20,E4,FF 1076 DATA 13,A9,00,8D,00,FF,A9,20
1027 DATA F0,FB,A0,IB,B9,EF,13,20 1077 DATA 8D,00,D4,8D,01,D4,A9,09
1028 DATA D2,FF,88,10,F7,68,68,A9 1078 DATA 8D,05,D4,A9,0F,8D,18,D4
1029 DATA 00,8D,00,02,4C,B7,4D,91 1079 DATA 60,20,61,15, A9,81,20, 9C
1030 DATA 91,0D,20,20,20,20,20,20 1080 DATA 15,A9,80,20,9C,15,4C,96
1031 DATA 20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20 1081 DATA 15,20,61,15,A9,11,20,9C
1032 DATA 20,20,20,20,20,20,91,0D 1082 DATA 15,A9,10,20,9C,15,A9,00
1033 DATA 51,55,4F,54,45,00,4B,45 1083 DATA 8D,04,D4,60,8D,04,D4,A2
1034 DATA 59,57,4F,52,44,00,23,20 1084 DATA 7 0,A0,00,88,D0,FD,CA,D0
1035 DATA
4F,46,20,43,48,41,52,41 1085 DATA FA, 60, END (ggflfc
 USER GROUPS
Although Cirri.- ire llniwl 1LHHJ known Commodore user groups naiia.-nvide and arc und the world, tbbi lui includes onh ibaw ihat have hem
Fl*KlCRt
officially rccogniicd by Commodore u Approved User Groupi, If your group would like 10 apply for Approved status coniaci Heie baexof. l\tr *R3oclAnJ ..'-■*■"■ ".r"■-*Usiir
Group Coordinator, U Commodore Business Machines, L 200 Wllwn Drive, WesiChesicr, PA 193B0. Group aiouo
Commodore user groups provide Invaluable assistance to Commodore compuKrlsu U you are looking (or people who share yaur compuiin^ 9SHysijaS!!a«i PO aon BBJ
internes, cm1 (f you need help getting Marled wliii your computer, contact the group nets you

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124 MARCH "87

USER GROUPS
UTAH WASHIMOION
CJ3 • Cornmodort Uwll Buctl -■•■ 3:o
5mm
2943 H=«Buiy BaW Oeoup PC Bo. MS
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Otwtgo S#* Xtrj-nglsr.
At H I'm Crn.ii
l Pill Hi. D«pt Ttc ITU FllllTBfll SltHI
ll BcronMy AnanE Clubun mprMi Amiga Group
Bc>M:«ei
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SILICON VALLEY INSIDER
Continued from pg. 16
NewTek is releasing DigiPaint, a paint
there will be an upgrade path for current program for the Amiga. It includes brushes,
owners, but that the upgrade policy has not pr cut-and-paste routines, and other basic paint
yet been set. program functions. It has the ability to modi
Master Designer Software has licensed fy a single pixel's color without a ripple effect
the rights to use the Marx Brothers and Also coming is an upgrade to the DigiView
Commander Cody in new games under pro software. Additions include a 640 X 200
duction for the Amiga. No release dates or mode, an eighVcolor palette routine, a SO-sec-
other information was available yet, but I'll ond slow scan mode that dramatically im
keep you posted. proves resolution, and new software routines
Mindscape has released The Perfect Col that improves results of a color video camera.
lege for the 64. This is a database program ■'-' ■■- 1 ■■1 Westcom Industries has finished their
Balance of Power
containing information on over 1,650 accre hard disk backup program for the Amiga.
dited four-year U.S. colleges and universities. world prestige using diplomacy—military Called HardHat, it gives the user several
The user selects criteria such as location, cost aid, treaties, military advisors, troops, covert backup options: full disk, incremental, direc
and academic interest (twenty-six elements destabilization, and political pressure. tory, or single file. All data stored on floppy is
total), and the program searches out all The game is played over a period of eight compressed for reduced space requirements.
schools that fit the profile. All results can be years, with the U.S. and U.S.SH. alternating You may include a list of filenames to be ig
printed out, and the database information is action each year. The goal is to build the high nored during backup, and the program main
updated annually. est prestige, and the side with the greatest tains a current catalog of files, including their
Also from Mindscape is Balance of Pow prestige at the end of the game wins. size, location and date stamps. The program
er for the Amiga. This is an educational game For a deeper understanding of the underly supports multitasking, runs from the Work
that asks the question "How can two super ing philosophy of the game, I recommend bench or CLI, and supports any AmigaDOS in
powers co-exist in a world without starting reading the book of the same name, published tegrated hard disk.
World War EQ." It is a complex simulation of by Microsoft Press. The author explains the Westcom is also releasing a spelling check
geo-politics—not a war game—where the theory of game design, gives a history of the er for the Amiga, called Spel-It. (Yes, that's
player quickly finds that hardball stances development of the game, and explains the how it's spelled.)
lead to thermonuclear destruction. The goal is strategies required to play the game without That wraps it up for this month. Until next
to keep the world in one piece, while gaining it ending in a war. month, that's all from the valley. g

Lights . .. Camera .. . Action

ZjEJTTB CIPHER.
Continued from pg. 77
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Big Name Hunting...
Continued from pg. ~3
most 30 years, and have their own opin uct that we ran on MTV during die
also had a problem adjusting to the reali ions of how children should be taught. So 1984 Christmas season, and die exclu
ties of 180x256 lines of screen resolu here we went to diem with a proposal sive U.S. rights to die game.
tion. The)' were used to creating 35MM for four arcade games, featuring Goofy Jermaine: Has Sierra On-line consid
material that would be seen by the pub sorting out nouns, verbs, and so on. They ered buying die rights to many other li
lic on a 20-foot movie screen. examined our work, but asked us if we cense properties?
On the other side of the fence, we had could write the program in die form of a Williams: Yes, we have. Over die years,
to adjust to some very tough quality stan story construction set. Children could in we've seriously looked at die licenses
dards. We weren't adapting Frogger™ to put sentences and make diem animate to Hagar the Terrible™, Beetle Bailey™,
a home computer any longer. Now we on die screen. Mr. Bill™, 2010™, Mutiny on the Boun
were in the business of trying to dupli We decided to develop this concept of ty". The SmurfV\ Bern- Boop'\ Dun
cate the appearance and mannerisms of die program, but it also presented some geons and Dragons'1', Family Circle™,
one of the most famous characters in the interesting problems. It's hard to gener and several odiers. Each of diese titles
world. Recreating Donald Duck's waddle ate a program that takes in and under had a lot of potential, but in man)- cases,
in a few pixels, for example, is almost im stands information like "The space shut the license was too expensive or we
possible. We kept telling the Disney peo tle danced to the moon." The software couldn't develop a presentable product
ple that it couldn't be done. They would actually contains a small space shuttle with die terms die licensor presented
listen to all of our reasons for not being with legs diat performs a jig. During die to us.
able to solve the problem and simply re evolution of the program, we've taken It might surprise you mat Family Cir
ply, "Donald has to waddle because it's about 100 different objects and given cle came die closest to being licensed
one of his well known characteristics." So diem the ability to walk, run. dance, and by Sierra On-line, considering die titles
we'd go back to the drawing board and Cty, It was also difficult to create program we've rejected. We seriously looked at
try again. After a while, our programmers commands that die average child could creating a Family Circle Family Planner.
discovered a way to produce the waddle understand. Once the initial program This would have been a combination
by manipulating several sprites, in con was completed, it was so large diat we're data base and spreadsheet diat could
junction with some other stuff. In this sit not sure it will ever be officially finished. keep track of insurance, bank deposits,
uation, we accomplished what seemed Jermaine: What can you tell me about vaccinations, and so on. Unfortunately,
to be impossible. your relationship with Jim Henson, die it ultimately became a question of cost
However, sometimes the Disney de creator of die Muppets™? versus benefit.
signers came up with an idea that really Williams: Our initial contact with Jim Jermaine: Is diere any aspect of licens
was impossible to achieve. Whenever Henson was as a result of having a public ing we haven't covered?
this occured. we worked very closely relations office in New York City. Roberta Williams: I would like to point out diat
with them in the hope that some aspect Williams, the co-founder of Sierra On licensed games are often sold on a
of the idea could be salvaged. Sierra pro line, wanted to meet and work with die country-by-country basis. The first B.C.
grammers had never shared die job of Henson people, so our agency arranged a program is a perfect example. In Amer
designing software with outsiders before. private meeting. We discovered diat both ica, B, C is marketed by Sierra On-line.
Isn't it ironic that they'd be doing this parties could work well together, a con In Japan, it belongs to Falmark In Can
work with non-programmers? tract was written up, and we started de ada, die B.C. license is die property of
Jermaine: Have you had an}- unexpect veloping die Dark Crystal program. die Sydney- Development Company: In
ed problems creating Disney software? Jim Henson himself never visited us at England, US. Gold owns die rights to
Williams: In terms of released software, Coarsegold, but Sierra On-line went to B.C's Quest For Tires
Sierra On-Line had to make a minor New York often when we were working This form of licensing is great for a ti
change in Mickey's Space Adventure, be with diem. Our contact for die project de's licensor, but causes a major prob
cause we made the mistake of using die was a man named Chris Ccrf who works lem among software companies. For
1970's design of Mickey Mouse instead closely with die Muppet designers. We example. Frantek is one of our distribu
of the 1980s version. The big difference received quite a bit of input from Henson tors in Canada. They're a good custom
is the curve of Mickey's ears. and his group, and found diem to be er and buy a lot of software. But we
In terms of unreleased software, some of the most creative individuals have to be careful not to sell diem Dis
Goofy's Word Factor}' opened a whole we've ever worked with. ney or B.C. material because our agree
new can of programming worms. Jermaine: How did you acquire the ments widi Disney and Hart forbid us
Goofy7" is a Sierra/Disney collaboration Johnny Hart license to create die B.C.™ to export those products. This may
which helps children learn about the software? seem minor, but it complicates soft
parts of speech. When we started die Williams: Sierra On-line actually had ware marketing and upsets some of our
project with the Disney designers, we very litde involvement in die B.C. pro customers. g
didn't know what we were in for. Our jects from a design standpoint. The Syd
people diought that Goofy's Word Fac ney Development Company and Hart Part two of "Big Name Hunting in
tory would evolve into an arcade game. worked out all of die details. The first America" examines tvasonsfor not li
or something along diat line of thinking. game in die series. B.C's Quest for Tires. censing a product, a project that could
We had failed to take into account die was actually sold to us as a completed have evolved into a licensed project
Disney attitude towards writing educa project. We paid six figures for a pack but didn't, and more interviews with
tional material. After all, they've been age which included die Coleco version individuals from your faix>rite soft
working on school coarsewarc for al of die game, a commercial for die prod ware companies.

COMMODORE MAGAZINE 127

 ADDITION MASTER ADVERTISERS INDEX
Continued from pg. 92
Reader
2500 PRINT"[CLEAR]PRIME NUMBERS"'BAQD Response Page
Advertiser Index No. No.
2510 PRINT:PRINT"1. TEST A NUMBER"
:PRINT"2. LIST PRIMES'^DCNK Abacus Software 1 55

2520 PRINT"3. LIST NON-PRIMES" Abacus Software 1 119

:PRINT"4. BACK TO MENU"'CBWK Acorn of Indiana 2 126
2530 GOSUB 470:B=VAL(A$)
Action Soft 3 14
:IF B<1 OR B>3 THEN RUN'JOTK
Berkeley Softworks 4 17
2560 PRINT"[CLEAR]ENTER 0 TO
STOP"'BAWK Berkeley Softworks 4 21

2570 PRINT:PRINT"WHAT NUMBER TO Berkeley Softworks 4 22

START?"'CBYN Berkeley Softworks 4 25
2580 C=0:INPUT C:GOSUB 475:C=INT(C) Berkeley Softworks 4 57
:IF C=0 THEN 25001IUSQ
Berkeley Sotfworks 4 59
2590 IF ABS{C)>4E5 THEN
R. J. Brachmon Associates 5 51
PRINT"...THINKING"'FGAP
2600 IF ABS(C)>4E9 THEN PRINT"THAT'S Cheatsheet Products ■ 102
TOO BIGI":PRINT:GOT0 2510'HMCK Cinemoware 6 47
2610 IF B>1 THEN 2670'DGLE CMS Software 7 2
2620 A=ABS(C):GOSUB 350'DIFF
CO, MB. Company
■
115
2630 IF A1=0 THEN PRINT C"IS PRIME"
Computer Book Club 8 85
:GOTO 2660'FJAK
2640 PRINT CIS NOT PRIME, BEING"'BBFJ Computer Vice 9 52
2650 PRINT"DIVISIBLE BY"AlnAND"C/Al ' C Covox m
117
FNL
Data Eost USA 10 13
2660 PRINT:PRINT"NEXT";:GOTO 2580'DHXK
Digitol Solutions n 02
2670 FOR D-l TO 22:A=ABS(C):GOSUB 350
:C=C+1'IRKP Electronic Arts 12 33

2680 IF(Al>0)=B-3 THEN D=D-1:NEXT'ILVP Electronic Arts 12 C4

2690 PRINT C-1:NEXT:PRINT"MORE?"'EEON Epyx 13 31

2700 GOSUB 465:IF AS="N"THEN 2500'EKVF Epyx 13 99
2710 GOTO 2590'BEND
Epyx 13 C3
2990 :'ABHM
Emerald Components 14 51
3000 PRINT"[CLEAR]SQUARE NUMBERS'" BAUA
3010 PRINT:PRINT"1. TEST A NUMBER" Enlightenment, Inc. 15 65
:PRINT"2. LIST SQUARES'" DCWG Fog 16 125
3020 PRINT"3. BACK TO MENU":K3=l+2E-7 K.F.S. Software 17 10
:GOSUB 470:D=VAL(A$)'HRYI
Kelex 18 83
3030 IF D=0 OR D>2 THEN RUN'GEJC
Midwest Software 19 125
3040 PRINT:PRINT"WHAT NUMBER TO
START?"'CBYG MicroProse 20 29

3050 PRINT"ENTER 0 TO QUIT"'BACE NPS 21 125

3060 A=0:INPUT ArGOSUB 475 NRi/McGraw Hill ■
81
:A=ABS(INT(A)):IF A=0 THEN
Precision Peripherals 22 61
3000'JWLL
Professional Software Inc. 23 8
3070 IF A>4E9 THEN 3180'DILF
Pro-Tech-Tronics 24 78
3080 IF D=2 THEN B=INT(SQR(A-l))+1
:GOTO 3140'JPAL Protecto 25 42
3090 B=SQR(A):C=INT{B*K3)' FLY J Protecto 25 44
3100 PRINT:PRINT A"IS ";'CDPX Quantum Computer Services 26 36
3110 IF A=C*C THEN B=C:PRINT"THE
RCA Direct Marketing *
49
SQUARE OF"B:GOTO 3130'HMPH
S&S Wholesalers 27 63
3120 PRINT"NOT SQUARE":PRINT"ROOT
:"B'CCCE Soft Byte 28 114

3130 PRINT"[DOWNJNEXT: "; Starfiite Telemarketing inc. 29 95

:GOTO 3050'CGOD Superior Microsystems 30 113
3140 PRINT"[CLEAR] SQUARE","ROOT"'BBBE
Sublogic Corporation 31 11
3150 FOR B=B TO B+21:PRINT B*B,B
Sublogic Corporation 31 27
:NEXT'HLOH
Tensofi 32 117
3160 PRINT"MORE?";:GOSUB 465
:IF AS="N"THEN 3000'FMTJ Tevex 33 87

3170 IF B*B<4E9 THEN 3140'EJRH Timeworks 34 5

3180 PRINT:PRINT"TOO BIG!" Tussey Computer Products 35 6
:GOTO 3010'DGDI EHD

128 MARCH'87
TEST DIVE ONE FOR YOURSELF.
In their day, they ruled TA KE OUR PREVIEW DISK FORA SPIN. Dmp this coupon in the And the contents of a
mail with your check or money order, and we'll gladly send you to the
over three quarters of the South Pacific to haiv it out with an enemy fleet. vital target book,
earth's surface. Mail to Sub Battle Preview P 0. Box 8020. Redwood City. CA 94063. among other things.
During WWII, they Quantity Total
Your arsenal will in
viciously brought Britain Apple II & COtftpaL (128K) $1.50 ea.
clude deck and anti
to her aircraft guns. Torpedoes.
Commodore 64/128 : $1.50 ea. . .
knees. IBM PC & compat. $1.50 ea.
And mines.
And
Japan
m Atari ST $2.75 ea.
not
But even all that may
be enough.
m ..... ... i— ■ Macintosh $2.75 ea. __
to the ■ . Apple IIGS $2.75 ea.
Because besides the
ground. risk of bumping a depth
Total Disks Ordered Total Enclosed
These were the silent charge or facing a killer
Name Phone f )
killers: Tench. Gato. A ddress Age i
Destroyer, you'll still
U-Boat have to contend with the
City/State/Zip '.
And now, they return. Canadian orders please add 50C for additional postage. gunfire of enemy aircraft.
In this, the most realistic, Plane uthif I In fi uvrks for delivery. Offer expires Sf30/H7 and is valid unly in No simulation has
the amtimotial U. S, and Canada, \irid where prohibited. 10
all-encompassing simula ever had the degree of
tion ever created 60 missions. Or you'll en authenticity, gut-wrenching
for the personal gage in the most difficult action or historical accuracy of
computer. task of all: To make it this one.
You will com through the entire war. The first release of our new
mand one of six Each vessel is com- Masters Collection. Andj
types of Amer pletely unique and a challenge of unbe
ican subs or German Kriegs- painstakingly authen lievable
marine U-Boats, during any tic, so you'll have a lot depth. EPYX
year from 1939 to 1945. to learn: Navigation. AppleII& compatibles,Apple 1ICS.
Atari ST. C64/128. IBM £
You'll perform one of over Weather. Radar. compatibles. Macintosh.

The No. 1 battery Sea guard radar stub. The 360° periscopes. Independent generator Salt water tank, for
The ship's heart. & diesel engines. trimming and compensating.
The sealed control room.
Your ammo, Your HQ. 5" 25 cut. gun.

Officers quarters. Water purification.

 "The Bard is Back!"
77
/""from impossible dungeons and split- The Best Ever
A second snares, the Bard and his party Dungeon Role-Playing Game
emerge. The Sceptre, so long for 50% bigger than Bard's TaleT
gotten, gleams with power like an ■ An all-new story line.
exploding sun. Even Phenglei Six cities and a huge overland
Kai, the ancient archmage, wilderness to explore.
hows his head in awe. • Dozens of new spells -
79 spells in all.
"I smell serpents!" SHpfinger • New real-time dungeon
squeals, stealing away like puzzles. You have to get
the thief he is. Two arch- through them before the
dragons slither out of the clock stops ticking.
ground, their eyes burn • Summon and name
ing with the relentless monsters to become a per
fury of treasure lost- manent part of your party.
• More strategy in combat
Protected behind the flame encounters - the weapons
lizards, beyond the reach and spells you choose de
of normal weapons, a cack pend on the enemy's distance.
ling wizard begins the eerie A bank and casino.
chants of a death spell. A spell A starter-dungeon for build
that can finish the Bard ing up your low-level characters.
and his party. • 6 guilds for easier game saving.
Optional use of Bard's Tale charac
The time has come to battle-test the ters. Bard's Tale experience not required.
magic of the Destiny Wand - and reveal the • Cluebooks available for both Bard's
awesome powers of The Destiny Knight.1 Tale and Bard's Talc 11™

You get a new class of magic user - the There are over 100 monsters, 25 scrolling dungeon levels.
Archmage, With H powerful spells like like this Kner Drone. Manv animated. All in color. All 5-D. Including 7
Heal All, Fanskar's Night Lance, and the All dangerous. different Snares of Death, a new kind of
awesome Mangar's Mallot. real-time purzle.

The Bard's Tale II

The Destiny Knight
from

ELECTRONIC ARTS

HOW TO GET IT: Visit your retailer, or call SOO-245-4525 (in CA call 800-562-1112) (or VISA or Mastercard orders. To buy by mail, send a check, money
order, or VISA or Mastercard information lo Electronic Arts, P.O. Box 75JO, San Mateo, CA 94403. The price is $39.95 for the Commodore 64 version. Add S5 for
■hipping and handling (S7 Canadian). Allow 1-4 weeks for delivery. The Bard's Tale 11 and Electronic Arls are registered trademarks of Electronic Arts. Ultima is a
registered trademark of Richard Garriott. Commodore is a trademark of Commodore Electronics Ltd. For a copy of our complete catalog, send 50c and a stamped,
self-addressed envelope to Electronic Arts Catalog. 1820 Gateway Drive, San Maten, CA 94404.