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Wood Products

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Building-Construction Design - From Principle to Detail

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Abstract

Wood is a natural material which is obtained by sawing logs into a desired cross-section. Hence, all wooden parts are, from the outset, of linear shape. Traditional timber structures therefore used to be frameworks of bar-like components. Modern wood technology, however, has made available a wide gamut of industrial-type wood derivates. They allow manipulating the otherwise very demanding basic properties of wood—e. g. its pronounced anisotropy, its tendency to uncontrollable warping—by forming new wooden parts from smaller wooden parts or particles. Thereby, also two-dimensional, plate-like wooden elements can be produced—a novelty in timber construction. Particularly solid-wood derivates have introduced profound changes in the way wood material is used in building constructions.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Natterer et al. (1980) Holzbau Atlas, p. 33 ff.

  2. 2.

    cf. 7 www.fh-eberswalde.de.

  3. 3.

    Scheidegger (1990) Aus der Geschichte der Bautechnik, p. 60 ff. and p. 172 ff.

  4. 4.

    Scheer et al. (1984) Der Holzbau, p. 10.

  5. 5.

    Nutsch et al. (2003) Holztechnik Fachkunde, p. 35.

  6. 6.

    Neuhaus (1994) Lehrbuch des Ingenieurholzbaus, p. 78 ff. The maximum width of the press bed, which in turn determines the maximum height of a glulam truss, is 4 m. The maximum width of the beam planer that finally smooths the truss side surfaces is 2 m, whereby a 4 m high truss can also be passed through the planer twice. The maximum length of the press beds is over 50 m. Naturally, the maximum transport dimensions for road transport also apply. Note the maximum glulam cross-section width of (only) 28 cm, which results from the maximum width of a standard board lamella. Wider board lamellae are not available due to the dimensional restrictions of the regular tree trunk, the diameter of which is in the range of 32–36 cm (information from Dr. Ch Dehlinger).

  7. 7.

    Mechanical presses, as used for the production of glulam, are not practical due to the large component lengths and widths of the panel-shaped cross-laminated timber (in contrast to the reduced widths of the rod-shaped glulam, which facilitate the application of the mechanical presses across the glulam component). For this reason, vacuum presses are used, i.e. enclosures made of rubber mats which, after pumping out the enclosed air, exert a two-dimensional compression on the cross-laminated timber as a result of atmospheric pressure. The pressures acting are correspondingly lower than with BSH. Therefore, other types of glues have to be used (PU glues), which foam up a little in the glue joint and for this reason do not require high compressing forces (information from Dr. Ch Dehlinger).

  8. 8.

    Neuhaus (1994), p. 52; also: Pfeifer et al. (1998) Der neue Holzbau, p. 18; Arbeitsgemeinschaft Holz e.V. (ed) (1997), p. 5.

  9. 9.

    Neuhaus (1994), p. 52 ff; also: Scheer et al. (1984), p. 35 ff, and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Holz e.V. (ed) (1997) Holzbau-Handbuch.

  10. 10.

    Pfeifer et al. (1998) Der neue Holzbau, p. 16; Arbeitsgemeinschaft Holz e.V. (ed) (1997), p. 7.

  11. 11.

    Pfeifer et al. (1998), p. 17; Arbeitsgemeinschaft Holz e.V. (ed) (1997), p. 4.

  12. 12.

    Neuhaus (1994), p. 52; Pfeifer et al. (1998), p. 20 and 22; Arbeitsgemeinschaft Holz e.V. (ed) (1997), p. 9.

  13. 13.

    Ibid., p. 8.

  14. 14.

    Pfeifer et al. (1998), p. 23; also: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Holz e.V. (ed) (1997), p. 10.

  15. 15.

    Pfeifer et al. (1998), p. 24; also: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Holz e.V. (ed) (1997), p. 11.

  16. 16.

    Neuhaus (1994) Lehrbuch des Ingenieurholzbaus, p. 52.

  17. 17.

    Arbeitsgemeinschaft Holz e.V. (ed) (1997), p. 15, p. 16.

  18. 18.

    Arbeitsgemeinschaft Holz e.V. (ed) (1997), p. 12, p. 13.

  19. 19.

    Pfeifer et al. (1998), p. 26.

  20. 20.

    Neuhaus (1994), p. 52; also: Pfeifer et al. (1998), p. 27; Arbeitsgemeinschaft Holz e.V. (ed) (1997), p. 19.

  21. 21.

    Götz et al. (1998) Holzbau-Atlas, p. 56 f.

  22. 22.

    Ibid., p. 56 f.

  23. 23.

    Ibid., p. 57 f; also: Pfeifer et al. (1998), p. 55.

  24. 24.

    Götz et al. (1998), p. 57 f.

  25. 25.

    Ibid., p. 57 f.

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  1. Institut für Entwerfen und Konstruieren, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    José Luis Moro

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Moro, J.L. (2024). Wood Products. In: Building-Construction Design - From Principle to Detail. Springer Vieweg, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61742-7_21

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