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Dichotomous branching Stock Photos and Images
RMRDG965–. Morphology of gymnosperms. Gymnosperms; Plant morphology. 112 MORPHOLOGY OF GYMNOSFERMS THE ROOT The primary root continues as a strong tap root, with a scanty display of branches (fig. 92), but with numerous small secondary roots. Although dichotomous branching has been thought to be restricted to the secondary roots, under conditions described below, Hill and De Fraine (67) state that in Stangeria the primary root may branch dichotomously. The soil about the roots is full of low algal. Fig. 92.—Zamia floridana: entire plant, showing strong tap root. and fungal forms, and in many, perhaps a
RMRM56YT–. Annual report of the Regents. New York State Museum; Science. Fig. 10 Idem. Stage where dichotomous Fig. 9 Idem. Hydrosome with complete number branching has ceased and all new thecae of branches seen from thecal side. x2J^ arrange themselves serially. Nat. size branches, six on each stem and none of the many hydrosomes ob- tained at the Deep kill have a greater number of branches than six. As the ultimate branches of the stems are both denticulate, dichotomous branching appears to have ceased, and 24 seems to be the maximum number produced by these colonies. Dr Ami, however, figures a very
![. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 280. A very small species of Ricdia, one of the Marchantia forms : A, a group of thallus bodies slightly en- larged ; j5, section of a thallus, show- ing rhizoids and two sporogonia im- bedded and communicating with the outside by tubular passages in the thallus.—After Stbasburger.. Fig. 381. Bicciocarpus, a Marchantia form, showing numerous rhizoids from ventral surface, the dichotomous branching, and the position of the sporogonia on the dorsal surface along the " midribs."—Goldberger.. Please note that these images are extracted Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RE1JAC/plant-studies-an-elementary-botany-botany-fig-280-a-very-small-species-of-ricdia-one-of-the-marchantia-forms-a-a-group-of-thallus-bodies-slightly-en-larged-j5-section-of-a-thallus-show-ing-rhizoids-and-two-sporogonia-im-bedded-and-communicating-with-the-outside-by-tubular-passages-in-the-thallusafter-stbasburger-fig-381-bicciocarpus-a-marchantia-form-showing-numerous-rhizoids-from-ventral-surface-the-dichotomous-branching-and-the-position-of-the-sporogonia-on-the-dorsal-surface-along-the-quot-midribsquotgoldberger-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-RE1JAC.jpg ". Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 280. A very small species of Ricdia, one of the Marchantia forms : A, a group of thallus bodies slightly en- larged ; j5, section of a thallus, show- ing rhizoids and two sporogonia im- bedded and communicating with the outside by tubular passages in the thallus.—After Stbasburger.. Fig. 381. Bicciocarpus, a Marchantia form, showing numerous rhizoids from ventral surface, the dichotomous branching, and the position of the sporogonia on the dorsal surface along the " midribs."—Goldberger.. Please note that these images are extracted Stock Photo")
RMRE1JAC–. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 280. A very small species of Ricdia, one of the Marchantia forms : A, a group of thallus bodies slightly en- larged ; j5, section of a thallus, show- ing rhizoids and two sporogonia im- bedded and communicating with the outside by tubular passages in the thallus.—After Stbasburger.. Fig. 381. Bicciocarpus, a Marchantia form, showing numerous rhizoids from ventral surface, the dichotomous branching, and the position of the sporogonia on the dorsal surface along the " midribs."—Goldberger.. Please note that these images are extracted
RMRE9MYH–. Contributions from the Osborn Botanical Laboratory. Plants. 370 Wuist: Branched prothallia the filament usually gave rise to the expanded portion of the pro- thallium. In both of these cases the branches originated in the third cell of the filament. In Fig. 2, J, the group of cells at the apex between the branches indicate that there will be a continu- ation of the main growth of the prothallium. In Figs. 2, K, and 3, L, M, dichotomous branching developed at a slightly later stage after the first divisions of the expanded portion of the prothallia had been formed. Fig. 4, N-Q, show single la
RMRH4W2D–. Botany for agricultural students. Plants. SPOROPHYTE 429 {dichotomous branching); aiul the leaves develop in the spring by unrolling from the base, much like unrolling a bolt of cloth, until their final length is reached {circinate vernation). They have epidermis, stomata, and chlorenchyma or food-making tissue, and through their veins run well developed vascular bundles.. Fig. 380. — A cross section of a Fern stem, showing the epidermis (e), the cortex (c), the vascular cyHnder {v), and the pith (/j). The s-porangia occur in the rusty looking spots, called sori (singular sorus), which are f
RMRE2HYJ–. A practical course in botany, with especial reference to its bearings on agriculture, economics, and sanitation. Botany. CRYPTOGAMS 335 a true root ? Notice that as the lower end dies, the growing branches go on increasing and reproducing the thallus. Do you find anything like a midrib ? If so, trace it through the branches and body of the thallus; where does it end ? Does it seem to be formed like the midrib of a leaf ? Hold. Figs. 475, 476. — Umbrella liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha): 475, portion of a female thallus about natural size, showing dichotomous branching ; /, /, archegonial or
![. [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. MISTLETOE INJURY TO CONIFERS. 19 ceases to grow in length and instead forms abnormally abundant lateral branches. The terminal buds of these are likewise overtaken by the parasite, resulting in additional lateral branches, and so on, until a type of dichotomous branching results. This is more notice- able in the compact type of broom than in the long, trailing type, but is quite common in both, especially on exposed and wind-swept areas. A very interesting hypertrophy of the foliage Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RG8YET/bulletins-on-forest-pathology-from-bulletin-usda-washington-dc-1913-1925-trees-plant-diseases-mistletoe-injury-to-conifers-19-ceases-to-grow-in-length-and-instead-forms-abnormally-abundant-lateral-branches-the-terminal-buds-of-these-are-likewise-overtaken-by-the-parasite-resulting-in-additional-lateral-branches-and-so-on-until-a-type-of-dichotomous-branching-results-this-is-more-notice-able-in-the-compact-type-of-broom-than-in-the-long-trailing-type-but-is-quite-common-in-both-especially-on-exposed-and-wind-swept-areas-a-very-interesting-hypertrophy-of-the-foliage-RG8YET.jpg ". [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. MISTLETOE INJURY TO CONIFERS. 19 ceases to grow in length and instead forms abnormally abundant lateral branches. The terminal buds of these are likewise overtaken by the parasite, resulting in additional lateral branches, and so on, until a type of dichotomous branching results. This is more notice- able in the compact type of broom than in the long, trailing type, but is quite common in both, especially on exposed and wind-swept areas. A very interesting hypertrophy of the foliage Stock Photo")
RMRG8YET–. [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. MISTLETOE INJURY TO CONIFERS. 19 ceases to grow in length and instead forms abnormally abundant lateral branches. The terminal buds of these are likewise overtaken by the parasite, resulting in additional lateral branches, and so on, until a type of dichotomous branching results. This is more notice- able in the compact type of broom than in the long, trailing type, but is quite common in both, especially on exposed and wind-swept areas. A very interesting hypertrophy of the foliage
RMRE1MGE–. A manual of botany. Botany. 32 MANUAL OF BOTANY thus produces two shoots, which, at any rate at first, are of equal strength, so that the foot or podium bears two branches arranged in a forked manner (fig. 42), the branching is termed dichoiomous. This form is common in many of the Cryptogams. In dichotomous branching we have again two forms : one which is termed true or normal dichotomy, in which tlie two Fig. i4.. A. B C D Fig. 44. Diagram to illustrate cj'mose branching. A. Dicbasial cyme or Bichasium. The successive axes are marked by the letters, a, a', «% tv'. The continuation of each
RMRDJX9K–. Text-book of embryology. Embryology. s.l clI. ==w being now still thicker and the whole fibre having assumed the shape of a mace. In the expanded head portion of the mace the cross striation is becoming closer, while in the slender handle the striation is becoming blurred and in the portion next the head is almost disappearing. The end-plate forms a very definite layer of uniform thick- ness covering the truncated an- terior end of the mace. It is crowded with large nuclei and to it pass nerve-fibres which show a regular dichotomous branching. In the fibre shown in Fig. 118, D, taken from th
RMRDFDT3–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. 564 PTERIDOSPERMS, ETC. [CH. probably not generically identical with the Irish and Arctic species. The dichotomous branching of the rachis in A. Tscher- maki and A. Dawsoni is a feature unknown in Arehaeopteris.. Fio. 369. Arehaeopteris hibemica. Fertile pinna. Dublin Geological Survey Museum. (Keduced. After Kidston.) B. A. hibemica. Pinnule. (Slightly enlarged. After Carruthers.) C. A. hibemica. Base of petiole. (Dublin Museum. After Kidston.) D. A. archetypiis. Base of petiole: Ellesmere Land. (After Nathorst. J nat. size.)
RMRE9MWN–. Contributions from the Osborn Botanical Laboratory. Plants. IN THE POLYPODIACEAE 379 branch at one side of the apex. Fig. 13, C, shows the origin of a branch from the apex of the expanded portion of the prothallium, while Fig. 13, D, E, shows further development of such a branch. These branches formed a small plate of cells, two rows in width, then tended to revert to a filamentous condition, at the same time growing downward, thus giving the appearance of two young prothallia attached by their apexes. Fig. 13, F, shows the only case of dichotomous branching which was observed. One of the br
RMRDWD0H–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. Classification of Pla7its 233 easily be mistaken for a grass. The frond or leaf is just a wiry stalk with very small comb-shaped lobes at the top. Unlike so many ferns which thrive best in shady ravines, it can grow in very dry, hot situations. It is found on mountain tops and down nearly to the sea level. Gleichenia may be distinguished from all other South Africa ferns by the dichotomous branching of the fronds. In the Knysna forests it climbs gracefully up the banks, ten or twelve feet high. Hemitelia capensis, Br., the tree fem, the
RMRMK0TT–. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 242 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM Remarks Leptogorgia palma is a highly variable species. Lophogorgia crista was pre- viously differentiated on the basis of dichotomous branching and dark-red coloration, whereas L. palma was defined by pinnate branching and red-orange coloration. After having examined a large suite of specimens from throughout the ranges of both forms (both older material as well as a great many recently collected colonies), I conclude that the two forms are conspecific as no cl
RMRE0GYF–. Bacteriological methods in food and drugs laboratories : with an introduction to micro-analytical methods . Bacteriology; Food; Drugs. DISEASES OE CHEESE 141 Bitter cheese is due to a variety of bacteria, as Tyrothrix geniculatus (the bitter soft cheese bacillus), Micrococcus casei amari (bitter cheese coccus), Weigmann's bitter milk bacillus, Conn's bitter milk coccus, and others. Red coloration of cheese may be caused by yeasts {Saccharomyces ruber) or by cocci. Black cheese. Fig. 45.—Oidium lactis. a, b, Dichotomous branching of growing hyphffi; c, d, g, simple chains of oidia breaking th
RMRDXF3D–. The origin of a land flora, a theory based upon the facts of alternation. Plant morphology. SCHIZAEACEAE 543 to a dichotomous branching is not so clear. In the former the lowest pair of pinnae are usually fertile, in the latter genus the sporangia may be distributed over the whole length of the leaf. Hairs are present in all the genera, and in all except Mohria they are filamentous, as in the Botryopterideae, Marattiaceae, and Osmundaceae,. Fig. 300. Upper parts of fertile leaves of the genus Schizaea. A Sch. pennula, Sw. B=Sch. bifida, Sw. C, D=Sck. elegans, J. Sm. In D the ultimate segmen
RMRJMH6X–. Bacteriological methods in food and drug laboratories, with an introduction to micro-analytical methods. Bacteriology; Food; Drug adulteration. DISEASES OF CHEESE 141 Bitter cheese is due to a variety of bacteria, as Tyrothrix geniculatus (the bitter soft cheese bacillus), Micrococcus casei amari (bitter cheese coccus), Weigmann's bitter milk bacillus, Conn's bitter milk coccus, and others. Red coloration of cheese may be caused by yeasts {Saccharomyces ruber) or by cocci. Black cheese. Fig. 45.—Oidium laclis. o, h, Dichotomous branching of growing hyphse; c, d, g, simple chains of oidia bre
RMRJNE6P–. Bacteriological methods in food and drug laboratories, with an introduction to micro-analytical methods. Bacteriology; Food; Drug adulteration; Bacteriology. DISEASES OE CHEESE 141 Bitter cheese is due to a variety of bacteria, as Tyrothrix geniculatus (the bitter soft cheese bacillus), Micrococcus easel amari (bitter cheese coccus), Weigmann's bitter milk bacillus, Conn's bitter milk coccus, and others. Red coloration of cheese may be caused by yeasts (Saccharomyces ruber) or by cocci. Black cheese. Fig. 45.—Oidium lactis. a, b, Dichotomous branching of growing hyphas; c, d, g, simple chain
![. Electro-physiology. Electrophysiology. VIII CONDUCTIVITY AND EXCITABILITY OF NERVE 55 sions the type of strict dichotomous branching obtains. We could hardly find a better example of this than the abductor muscle of the crayfish claw with its nerves (3). Here the finer trunks invariably contain, within a stratified sheath of connective tissue, two axis-cylinders of very unequal diameter, and stain- ill'If •.'•'iii1 .!':'&$fe.V ^ >S K-V, '4^ ^^.,. fy lOi/H' '''.'M "r*? >'-.:^'.^.V -'"i.^v'K^^" 1 --'f . '. . nEKv' ' ' .:' . ^t . '"Tm. *V-' V" "V-l Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RD66MY/electro-physiology-electrophysiology-viii-conductivity-and-excitability-of-nerve-55-sions-the-type-of-strict-dichotomous-branching-obtains-we-could-hardly-find-a-better-example-of-this-than-the-abductor-muscle-of-the-crayfish-claw-with-its-nerves-3-here-the-finer-trunks-invariably-contain-within-a-stratified-sheath-of-connective-tissue-two-axis-cylinders-of-very-unequal-diameter-and-stain-illif-iii1-!ampfev-gts-k-v-4-fy-loih-m-quotr-gt-v-quotivkquot-1-f-nekv-t-quottm-v-vquot-quotv-l-RD66MY.jpg ". Electro-physiology. Electrophysiology. VIII CONDUCTIVITY AND EXCITABILITY OF NERVE 55 sions the type of strict dichotomous branching obtains. We could hardly find a better example of this than the abductor muscle of the crayfish claw with its nerves (3). Here the finer trunks invariably contain, within a stratified sheath of connective tissue, two axis-cylinders of very unequal diameter, and stain- ill'If •.'•'iii1 .!':'&$fe.V ^ >S K-V, '4^ ^^.,. fy lOi/H' '''.'M "r*? >'-.:^'.^.V -'"i.^v'K^^" 1 --'f . '. . nEKv' ' ' .:' . ^t . '"Tm. *V-' V" "V-l Stock Photo")
RMRD66MY–. Electro-physiology. Electrophysiology. VIII CONDUCTIVITY AND EXCITABILITY OF NERVE 55 sions the type of strict dichotomous branching obtains. We could hardly find a better example of this than the abductor muscle of the crayfish claw with its nerves (3). Here the finer trunks invariably contain, within a stratified sheath of connective tissue, two axis-cylinders of very unequal diameter, and stain- ill'If •.'•'iii1 .!':'&$fe.V ^ >S K-V, '4^ ^^.,. fy lOi/H' '''.'M "r*? >'-.:^'.^.V -'"i.^v'K^^" 1 --'f . '. . nEKv' ' ' .:' . ^t . '"Tm. *V-' V" "V-l
![. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. Fi(;/2S^;. Two romninn Jivonvorts : to the loft is C'(ninrr])hnlii'i, n Miirfhanfifi form, showing rhizoids, dichotomous branching, and the conspieuons rhombic areus (nrenlfe) on the dorpal surface; to the right is Anihoceros, with its wimple thallns and juKl-like Biiorogoniu.âGoldi'.kkgek.. Kn;.::;s;l fros^^-serlions of tlmlhis of ^fnr>-hnâl}) is alHi!iil;iiil, nml showing,' low rr cjiidcrniis li^ fisr In liiizoids (//) aii(l j)lalrs h). alsii rhlnrMpliyll li>sii.' i.-A/i or^anizcd iiihi charuliiTs Ity ]]artitiuns Ui) J!, set'tioii Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDHG12/plant-studies-an-elementary-botany-botany-fi2s-two-romninn-jivonvorts-to-the-loft-is-cninrr-hnliii-n-miirfhanfifi-form-showing-rhizoids-dichotomous-branching-and-the-conspieuons-rhombic-areus-nrenlfe-on-the-dorpal-surface-to-the-right-is-anihoceros-with-its-wimple-thallns-and-jukl-like-biiorogoniugoldikkgek-knsl-fros-serlions-of-tlmlhis-of-fnrgt-hnl-is-alhi!iiliiil-nml-showing-low-rr-cjiidcrniis-li-fisr-in-liiizoids-aiil-jlalrs-h-alsii-rhlnrmpliyll-ligtsii-i-ai-oranizcd-iiihi-charuliits-ity-artitiuns-ui-j!-settioii-RDHG12.jpg ". Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. Fi(;/2S^;. Two romninn Jivonvorts : to the loft is C'(ninrr])hnlii'i, n Miirfhanfifi form, showing rhizoids, dichotomous branching, and the conspieuons rhombic areus (nrenlfe) on the dorpal surface; to the right is Anihoceros, with its wimple thallns and juKl-like Biiorogoniu.âGoldi'.kkgek.. Kn;.::;s;l fros^^-serlions of tlmlhis of ^fnr>-hnâl}) is alHi!iil;iiil, nml showing,' low rr cjiidcrniis li^ fisr In liiizoids (//) aii(l j)lalrs h). alsii rhlnrMpliyll li>sii.' i.-A/i or^anizcd iiihi charuliiTs Ity ]]artitiuns Ui) J!, set'tioii Stock Photo")
RMRDHG12–. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. Fi(;/2S^;. Two romninn Jivonvorts : to the loft is C'(ninrr])hnlii'i, n Miirfhanfifi form, showing rhizoids, dichotomous branching, and the conspieuons rhombic areus (nrenlfe) on the dorpal surface; to the right is Anihoceros, with its wimple thallns and juKl-like Biiorogoniu.âGoldi'.kkgek.. Kn;.::;s;l fros^^-serlions of tlmlhis of ^fnr>-hnâl}) is alHi!iil;iiil, nml showing,' low rr cjiidcrniis li^ fisr In liiizoids (//) aii(l j)lalrs h). alsii rhlnrMpliyll li>sii.' i.-A/i or^anizcd iiihi charuliiTs Ity ]]artitiuns Ui) J!, set'tioii
RMRMKBGY–. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. MONOGRAPH ON THE HYDROIDA OF SOUTHERN AFRICA 149. Fig. 48. Halecium dichotomum. A-C, regenerated hydrothecae; D, part of stem showing unilateral branching; E, part of stem showing dichotomous branching; F, female gonophore; G, male gonophore. Halecium dyssymetrum. H, part of stem; J, hydrotheca. Halecium sessile. K-M, parts of stem, redrawn from Vervoort (19666). Scale in mm/10.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability
RMRE1MGJ–. A manual of botany. Botany. Fig. 42. Diagram of normal or tme dichotomoiis branching, showing the two branches equally developed in a forked manner, and each branch di- viding in succession in a similar way. Fig. 43. Diagrams of sympodial dichotomous branching. A. Helicoid dichotomy. B. Scorpioid dichotomy. In A, the left-hand branches, ?, ?, I. of successive dichotomies are much more developed than the right, r, r, r, r. In B, the left-hand branches, ?, 7, and those of the right hand, ?-, r, are alternately more vigo- rous in their growth. The limbs of the dichotomy which become the success
![. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. xx] GLEICHENIACEAE 289 semi-circular in form (fig. 226, C), in others (sect. Mertensia') the segments are linear (fig. 226, D), and in many species the fronds are distinguished by the regular dichotomous branching. Fio. 224. A. Aneimia flexuosa. B. A. phyllitidis. C. Hymeiwphyllum dilatatum. D. E, F, G. Matonia pectinata; i, indusium. H. Thyrsopteris elegans. I. Gleichenia circinata. (A, B, after Prantl; C, G, H, I, after Bower.) 1 Underwood (07), p. 243, has adopted Bernhardi's genus Dicranopteria in place of Mertensia on the Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDBBP8/fossil-plants-for-students-of-botany-and-geology-paleobotany-xx-gleicheniaceae-289-semi-circular-in-form-fig-226-c-in-others-sect-mertensia-the-segments-are-linear-fig-226-d-and-in-many-species-the-fronds-are-distinguished-by-the-regular-dichotomous-branching-fio-224-a-aneimia-flexuosa-b-a-phyllitidis-c-hymeiwphyllum-dilatatum-d-e-f-g-matonia-pectinata-i-indusium-h-thyrsopteris-elegans-i-gleichenia-circinata-a-b-after-prantl-c-g-h-i-after-bower-1-underwood-07-p-243-has-adopted-bernhardis-genus-dicranopteria-in-place-of-mertensia-on-the-RDBBP8.jpg ". Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. xx] GLEICHENIACEAE 289 semi-circular in form (fig. 226, C), in others (sect. Mertensia') the segments are linear (fig. 226, D), and in many species the fronds are distinguished by the regular dichotomous branching. Fio. 224. A. Aneimia flexuosa. B. A. phyllitidis. C. Hymeiwphyllum dilatatum. D. E, F, G. Matonia pectinata; i, indusium. H. Thyrsopteris elegans. I. Gleichenia circinata. (A, B, after Prantl; C, G, H, I, after Bower.) 1 Underwood (07), p. 243, has adopted Bernhardi's genus Dicranopteria in place of Mertensia on the Stock Photo")
RMRDBBP8–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. xx] GLEICHENIACEAE 289 semi-circular in form (fig. 226, C), in others (sect. Mertensia') the segments are linear (fig. 226, D), and in many species the fronds are distinguished by the regular dichotomous branching. Fio. 224. A. Aneimia flexuosa. B. A. phyllitidis. C. Hymeiwphyllum dilatatum. D. E, F, G. Matonia pectinata; i, indusium. H. Thyrsopteris elegans. I. Gleichenia circinata. (A, B, after Prantl; C, G, H, I, after Bower.) 1 Underwood (07), p. 243, has adopted Bernhardi's genus Dicranopteria in place of Mertensia on the
RMRT0HW9–. Atoll research bulletin. Coral reefs and islands; Marine biology; Marine sciences. 1. Habit of plant. 2. Dichotomous branching of branchlet. 3. Forked branchlet apices. Caulerpa verticillata J. Agardh 1847:6. Thallus fine, fibrous, felt-like mats, rarely as individual strands; of indeterminate area, to 7 cm tall; dark green; fronds delicately whorled, 5-8 mm diam.; rhizomes creeping, stoloniferous, slender; rhizoids few, branched. Branchlets 5-7 times dichotomous, 100-210 /xm diam. at base, 30-40 yum at apex, lower segments 10 or more diameters long; apices abruptly forked, pointed; stalk 14
RMRT0HWK–. Atoll research bulletin. Coral reefs and islands; Marine biology; Marine sciences. 10 100 ^m. 1. Habit of plant. 2. Dichotomous branching of branchlet. 3. Forked branchlet apices. Caulerpa verticillata J. Agardh 1847:6. Thallus fine, fibrous, felt-like mats, rarely as individual strands; of indeterminate area, to 7 cm tall; dark green; fronds delicately whorled, 5-8 mm diam.; rhizomes creeping, stoloniferous, slender; rhizoids few, branched. Branchlets 5-7 times dichotomous, 100-210 /xm diam. at base, 30-40 yum at apex, lower segments 10 or more diameters long; apices abruptly forked, pointe
RM2AX04MY–The structure & development of the mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae) . he ventral hairs {h), X 240 ;C, the growing point in process of division, x, x, the apical cells of the two branches, X 480. the aquatic ancestral forms, is to be accounted for by theterrestrial habit of Amur a. The branching is dichotomous, and is brought about bythe formation of a second apical cell in one of the youngestsegments. This apical cell is formed by a curved wall, whichstrikes the outer wall of the segment (Fig. 33, C). Thustwo apical cells arise close together, and as segments are cutoff from each, they are for
RM2AX0B0M–Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological . s that lateral branches proceed out of the apical cell itself, asis especially shown in Hypocaulon (Fig. 98, sect. 19). In other cases the branching ofthe apical cells is dichotomous, as in Coleochoete soluta (see Book II. Algae). (b) In the roots of Ferns, Equisetacese, and Rhizocarpeae (according to Nageli andLeitgeb), as well as in those of Conifers, Monocotyledons, and Dicotyledons, as far as isknown, the branching is always at first monopodial, and even when further developedthe mother-root generally remains stronger than its lateral
RM2AWF6TN–Phycologia australica; or, A history of Australian sea weeds ..and a synopsis of all known Australian Algae .. . j^ <. V Vineurit BrooKS, Imp. Ser. Rhodosperme^. Fam. GdidiacecB. Plate XCIX.ACROTYLUS AUSTRALIS,/. 4^. Gen. Char. Frond compressed, linear, dichotomous, composed of threestrata of cells; the medidlary of branching, reticulately anastomo-sing, slender filaments; the intermediate of roundish-angular cells;the cortical of vertically seriated, coloured cellules. Fructification : 1, conceptacles semi-immersed in the frond, opening by a terminalpore, containing numerous parietal tuft
![The Encyclopaedia Britannica; .. A dictionary of arts, sciences and general literature . f branching of rootsis almost universally monopodial, only in Lycopodiaceaeis it dichotomous. When the central axis goes deep iiilothe ground in a tapering manner, without dividing, a tap-root is produced. This kind of root is sometimes shortened,and becomes succulent, forming the conical root of Carrot,or the fusiform or spindle-shaped root of Radish, or thenapiform root of Turnip. In ordinary forest trees the firstroot protruded continues to elongate and- forms a long BOOT.] BOTANY 95 primary root-axis, Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/2AJ0X05/the-encyclopaedia-britannica-a-dictionary-of-arts-sciences-and-general-literature-f-branching-of-rootsis-almost-universally-monopodial-only-in-lycopodiaceaeis-it-dichotomous-when-the-central-axis-goes-deep-iiilothe-ground-in-a-tapering-manner-without-dividing-a-tap-root-is-produced-this-kind-of-root-is-sometimes-shortenedand-becomes-succulent-forming-the-conical-root-of-carrotor-the-fusiform-or-spindle-shaped-root-of-radish-or-thenapiform-root-of-turnip-in-ordinary-forest-trees-the-firstroot-protruded-continues-to-elongate-and-forms-a-long-boot-botany-95-primary-root-axis-2AJ0X05.jpg "The Encyclopaedia Britannica; .. A dictionary of arts, sciences and general literature . f branching of rootsis almost universally monopodial, only in Lycopodiaceaeis it dichotomous. When the central axis goes deep iiilothe ground in a tapering manner, without dividing, a tap-root is produced. This kind of root is sometimes shortened,and becomes succulent, forming the conical root of Carrot,or the fusiform or spindle-shaped root of Radish, or thenapiform root of Turnip. In ordinary forest trees the firstroot protruded continues to elongate and- forms a long BOOT.] BOTANY 95 primary root-axis, Stock Photo")
RM2AJ0X05–The Encyclopaedia Britannica; .. A dictionary of arts, sciences and general literature . f branching of rootsis almost universally monopodial, only in Lycopodiaceaeis it dichotomous. When the central axis goes deep iiilothe ground in a tapering manner, without dividing, a tap-root is produced. This kind of root is sometimes shortened,and becomes succulent, forming the conical root of Carrot,or the fusiform or spindle-shaped root of Radish, or thenapiform root of Turnip. In ordinary forest trees the firstroot protruded continues to elongate and- forms a long BOOT.] BOTANY 95 primary root-axis,
RM2AXCW8M–Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum . em branching alternately. Stem and branches geniculate in distal parts.Branches given off at a wide angle (over 80°) and with a dichotomous effect dueto a more strongly marked geniculation at the origin of each branch. Nodesindistinct. Hydrotheca deep and slender, adnate for about one-third adcauline length,curved outwards, adcauline free part straight or slightly concave. Margin withthree teeth, one adcauline and two latero-abcauline. No internal teeth. One gonotheca present, pear-shaped, with eleven raised transvers
RM2AWGG6C–The Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London . ren. Stockholm Forhaudl. vol. xvii (1895) p. 319. Si o IS w H r, < 23 ^^ W ^ P3 P^ • W rh p^ M o 3 HP5 O ^^ PM ^ g P^ M H b1 P^ r! o O w b5 ^ b Ah fS Pi o (i W p QQ § l^, fei ^ - OhO ?a 1 -4J ?op t-l01 m m to <DU o tH o-J3 Branching:(a) dichotomous,(/;) latei-al. Branches on different sides, at regular intervals. CO -1-3 ?a1 m 05 m r—1 02 O om (D ?-3m tn a> CO -3 xn. . 05 tUD§ ^ o ^O 2 ^ Branches all on same side, at irregular intervals. eg >o bp r—lOl Ol 03 m Stipes of at least 6 ordersprobably indefinite. • • CO 2 O 3.
RM2CDF848–. Algæ. Vol. I. Myxophyceæ, Peridinieæ, Bacillarieæ, Chlorophyceæ, together with a brief summary of the occurrence and distribution of freshwat4er Algæ . parent-axis. The branching isusually dichotomous, either in one plane or in alternate planes, althoughtrichotomous branching occurs in the basal part of Chlorodesmis comosa, inBoodleopsis, in Tydemania, in Penicillus Sibogie, in the capitulum ofP.duinetosus,&nd in the flabellum of Udotea congliitinata and U. glaucescens; Codiacese 233 verticillate branching also occurs in Tydemania expeditionis, in Boodleopsisand in the capitulum of both spec
RM2CH14PR–. Algæ. Vol. I. Myxophyceæ, Peridinieæ, Bacillarieæ, Chlorophyceæ, together with a brief summary of the occurrence and distribution of freshwat4er Algæ . e parent-axis. The branching isusually dichotomous, either in one plane or in alternate planes, althoughtrichotomous branching occurs in the basal part of Chlurodesmis comosa, inBoodleopsis, in Tydemania, in Penicillus Sibogw, in the capitulum ofP.dumetosus,&nd in the flabellum of Udotea conglutinata and U. glaucescens; Cofliacese 233 verticillate branching also occurs in Tydemania expeditionis, in Boodleopsisand in the capitulum of both spec
RM2CDAFPE–. Medical and surgical reports . Pig. II.The Fungus in Liver Tissue The long threads were very easily broken into shorterbacillus-like bodies. Branching which is dichotomous wasuncommon in the granules and in the cultures. Clubscould n.o-1 be demonstrated by the method of MEallory.Bulbous extremities on some of the threads were noticedin some of the granules and were especially marked inthe agar cultures. Bui they stained uniformly withGrams method and drd not shew a hyaline unstained ...76... border as typical clubs should. In the culture the threadsare I hicker than in the i issues. Ilic gra
RM2CF657M–. The American flora : or history of plants and wild flowers : containing their scientific and general description, natural history, chemical and medical properties, mode of culture, propagation , &c., designed as a book of reference for botanists, physicians, florists, gardeners, students, etc.. lackishcolor and pulpy, having several kidney-shaped seeds; root thick,branching; stem tinged with puiple; the branches dichotomous;leaves rather large, soft to the touch, and a little hairy on both surfaces;corolla large, lurid, dusky-pm-ple within, and streaked with a yellowvariegated base, but gree
RM2CDAFTK–. Medical and surgical reports . Pig. II.The Fungus in Liver Tissue The long threads were very easily broken into shorterbacillus-like bodies. Branching which is dichotomous wasuncommon in the granules and in the cultures. Clubscould n.o-1 be demonstrated by the method of MEallory.Bulbous extremities on some of the threads were noticedin some of the granules and were especially marked inthe agar cultures. Bui they stained uniformly withGrams method and drd not shew a hyaline unstained ...76... border as typical clubs should. In the culture the threadsare I hicker than in the i issues. Ilic gra
RMREA3BB–. Contributions from the Hull Botanical Laboratory. Plants. 346 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [may dichotomous. This view of the character of the branching was confirmed for 0. vulgatum by Poirault (ii). The occurrence of the two methods of branching within this family has suggested the desirability of further examination of this feature. This investigation has accordingly been undertaken with a view to securing further data bearing upon the relation of the three genera to each other and of the family to other Pteridophytes. Ophioglossum Poirault (ii) made the first critical examination of the nature of t
RMREE0HA–. The Compleat cladist : a primer of phylogenetic procedures. Cladistic analysis; Zoology -- Classification; Phylogeny. CLASSIFICATION 95 derivatives is the phylogeny, then the classification is logically consistent with the phylog- eny even if it is not fully informative about the relationships hypothesized in the phylogeny. Tlie number of possible trees can be determined mathematically. For the trichotomy in Fig. 6.3, there are three dichotomous resolutions (Fig. 6.4a-c). Note that one of them (Fig. 6.4b) is topologically identical to the phylogeny. Therefore, even though the branching topol
RMRE3ADJ–. A practical course in botany, with especial reference to its bearings on agriculture, economics, and sanitation. Botany. 136 PRACTICAL COURSE IN BOTANY. exemplified by the buckeye, horse-chestnut, jimson weed, mistletoe, and dogwood (Fig. 155, A). Draw a diagram of the buckeye, or other dichotomous stem, as it would be if all the buds developed into branches, and compare it with your diagrams of excurrent and deliquescent growth. Draw diagrams to illustrate the branching of the elm, beech, lilac, linden, rose, maple, or their equivalents. 153. Definite and indefinite annual — Dia- growth. —
RMRDF1J2–. The structure and development of mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae). Plant morphology; Mosses; Ferns. 494 MOSSES AND FERNS kinds and arranged in four rows, as in most species of Selagi- nella. The branching of the stem is either dichotomous or monopodial. The roots, which are borne in acropetal succes- sion (Bruchmann found also in L. tnundatum adventive roots), branch dichotomously, Hke those of Ispetes. The sporangia are borne singly, in the axils of the sporophylls, which may differ scarcely at all from the ordinary leaves (L. selago, L. lucidulum), (Fig. 287), or the sporophylls are differ
RMRE3MRC–. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. ii6 VASCULAR CRYPTOGAMS central 'vascular' cylinder can be detected, consisting of scalariform tracheides. There is distinct evidence of a secondary growth in thick- ness. The branching was always dichotomous. The leaves were very similar to those of Lycopodium, and were penetrated by a single ' vascular' bundle. The fructifications known as Lepidostrobus are cone-like structures, not unlike fir-cones in appearance, consisting of densely packed sporo- phylls. On the upper side of each leaf is a single sporange, often of considerable size. The con
![. Mosses with a hand-lens; a non-technical handbook of the more common and more easily recognized mosses of the north-eastern United States. Mosses. open capsules bear a tuft of " elater-bearers " at the end of the valves as in Metzgeria^ For convenience they may be divided into two groups, the first with thallus narrow, about -^ to iV inch wide, and the second with thallus ^ to ^ an inch wide. There is little danger of confusing the plants of the first group with other plants, except perhaps. Metzgeria or Riccia Auitans, in which the branching is dis- tinctly dichotomous and the tha Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDH2WE/mosses-with-a-hand-lens-a-non-technical-handbook-of-the-more-common-and-more-easily-recognized-mosses-of-the-north-eastern-united-states-mosses-open-capsules-bear-a-tuft-of-quot-elater-bearers-quot-at-the-end-of-the-valves-as-in-metzgeria-for-convenience-they-may-be-divided-into-two-groups-the-first-with-thallus-narrow-about-to-iv-inch-wide-and-the-second-with-thallus-to-an-inch-wide-there-is-little-danger-of-confusing-the-plants-of-the-first-group-with-other-plants-except-perhaps-metzgeria-or-riccia-auitans-in-which-the-branching-is-dis-tinctly-dichotomous-and-the-tha-RDH2WE.jpg ". Mosses with a hand-lens; a non-technical handbook of the more common and more easily recognized mosses of the north-eastern United States. Mosses. open capsules bear a tuft of " elater-bearers " at the end of the valves as in Metzgeria^ For convenience they may be divided into two groups, the first with thallus narrow, about -^ to iV inch wide, and the second with thallus ^ to ^ an inch wide. There is little danger of confusing the plants of the first group with other plants, except perhaps. Metzgeria or Riccia Auitans, in which the branching is dis- tinctly dichotomous and the tha Stock Photo")
RMRDH2WE–. Mosses with a hand-lens; a non-technical handbook of the more common and more easily recognized mosses of the north-eastern United States. Mosses. open capsules bear a tuft of " elater-bearers " at the end of the valves as in Metzgeria^ For convenience they may be divided into two groups, the first with thallus narrow, about -^ to iV inch wide, and the second with thallus ^ to ^ an inch wide. There is little danger of confusing the plants of the first group with other plants, except perhaps. Metzgeria or Riccia Auitans, in which the branching is dis- tinctly dichotomous and the tha
RMRN6RTF–. Anatomischer Anzeiger. Anatomy, Comparative; Anatomy, Comparative. 297 proximately equal calibre throughout their extent, or may end in expanded bulbs (Fig. 6). I find no evidence of tubules blind at both ends as described by Meyer. In my specimen all the tubes can ulti- mately be traced to their openings into the cavity of the yolk sac. They are simple or branched; the branching is dichotomous and at this stage of development could not be definitely traced beyond a se- cond division. The glands may extend throughout the entire width of the middle zone, in places pressing upon the mesothelia
RMRDY64N–. An introduction to the study of seaweeds. Algae. RHODOPHYCEiE, OR FLORIDE^ 211 constrictions, or rugose markings. There are no foliar expansions, and the branching is dichotomous. Galaxaura lapidescens forms hard stony tufts of dense branches of almost as indurated a character as the Corallines. The genus Choreocolax is one of the most remark-. Fla 63.—a, ChmtaTigium ornatum slightly reduced; 6, j'oung carpogonial branch o{ Seinaia fitrcellata highly magnifled. (6, after Schmitz.) able among Algae, since it contains at least one species (though it certainly shows a remarkable resemblance to
RMRPXR2F–. Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Botany. 178 MORPHOLOGY OF MEMBERS. Just as the dichotomy may consist of numerous bifurcations, so may a mono- podium consist of several orders of monopodial branching. These definitions refer only to the bud-condition of the branch-system. Not unfrequently, both in dichotomous and in monopodial systems, the original character is maintained in their further growth; the two bifurcations develope, in the case of dichotomy, with equal strength and branch uniformly; in the case of a mono- podium the primary axis continues to grow more strongly
RMRE9HDR–. Contributions to Canadian biology. Marine biology; Natural history. No. 87. Sertularella polyzonias. SrHularella nif/osa (Lmiuh'us). Trophosome. Colony small, stem usually un- branched, constricted at regular intervals; h.vdrothecae alternate, rather distinct, fusiform, distinctly rugose; margin with four tentacles; operculum with four flaps. Gonosome. Gonangia oval, rugose; margin with four teeth. Serhilarella tricuspidata (Alder). Trophosome. Stem slender, lax, branching irregu- larly alternate or dichotomous; hydrothecae alternate, very slightly immersed, tubular, sometimes curved; margin
RMRE9MX8–. Contributions from the Osborn Botanical Laboratory. Plants. 376 Wuist: Branched prothallia Asplenium bulbiferuni Forst.—The two examples of branched prothalHa which are shown in Fig. io, A, B, developed on the dis- tilled water culture. In both cases the branches originated after the expanded portion of the prothallia had been formed. In Fig. io, a, the branching was dichotomous. This example is es- pecially interesting as showing the tendency of the prothallium to revert to a filamentous condition at the time of the formation of the filamentous branch. In Fig. io, B, branching was monopo- d
![. Principles of modern biology. Biology. ANTHERIDIUM- /ARCHEGONIUM. Fig. 31-19. Psilotum, one of three surviving kinds of psilops'dan plants. Such specimens, which are only 2 to 3 feet tall, are sometimes exhibited by botanical gardens as "living fossils." Note that the sporophyte (left): (1) has a horizontal underground stem without any roots; (2) has very small scalelike "leaves"; (3) dis- plays a primitive dichotomous manner of branching; and (4) bears a number of three-lobed sporangia in the axils of some of the leaves. The gametophyte (right) is a semimicroscopic thall Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDYRP0/principles-of-modern-biology-biology-antheridium-archegonium-fig-31-19-psilotum-one-of-three-surviving-kinds-of-psilopsdan-plants-such-specimens-which-are-only-2-to-3-feet-tall-are-sometimes-exhibited-by-botanical-gardens-as-quotliving-fossilsquot-note-that-the-sporophyte-left-1-has-a-horizontal-underground-stem-without-any-roots-2-has-very-small-scalelike-quotleavesquot-3-dis-plays-a-primitive-dichotomous-manner-of-branching-and-4-bears-a-number-of-three-lobed-sporangia-in-the-axils-of-some-of-the-leaves-the-gametophyte-right-is-a-semimicroscopic-thall-RDYRP0.jpg ". Principles of modern biology. Biology. ANTHERIDIUM- /ARCHEGONIUM. Fig. 31-19. Psilotum, one of three surviving kinds of psilops'dan plants. Such specimens, which are only 2 to 3 feet tall, are sometimes exhibited by botanical gardens as "living fossils." Note that the sporophyte (left): (1) has a horizontal underground stem without any roots; (2) has very small scalelike "leaves"; (3) dis- plays a primitive dichotomous manner of branching; and (4) bears a number of three-lobed sporangia in the axils of some of the leaves. The gametophyte (right) is a semimicroscopic thall Stock Photo")
RMRDYRP0–. Principles of modern biology. Biology. ANTHERIDIUM- /ARCHEGONIUM. Fig. 31-19. Psilotum, one of three surviving kinds of psilops'dan plants. Such specimens, which are only 2 to 3 feet tall, are sometimes exhibited by botanical gardens as "living fossils." Note that the sporophyte (left): (1) has a horizontal underground stem without any roots; (2) has very small scalelike "leaves"; (3) dis- plays a primitive dichotomous manner of branching; and (4) bears a number of three-lobed sporangia in the axils of some of the leaves. The gametophyte (right) is a semimicroscopic thall
RMRH4W17–. Botany of the southern states. In two parts. Part I. Structural and physiological botany and vegetable products. Part II. Descriptions of southern plants. Arranged on the natural system. Preceded by a Linnaean and a dichotomous analysis. Plants. Pig. 30.. Fasciculated roots. 67. What is a branching root ? What is a fibrous root? What is a fas- oioulated root? What is a tap root?. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original w
RMRMP368–. The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology. Knowledge of the Alcyonaria. 131 of the Chinese seas, the tjpe species, P.fraticosa^ having been taken in the Sooloo Sea, and the only other species, P. laxa, at Hong Kong and in Formosa Channel. Parisis mauritiensis^ sp. n. Corallum flabellate, branching in one or more parallel planes. Branching frequent, approximatelj dichotomous for the first three or four divisions, the smaller branches alternately pin- nate ; branches given off at an angle of 45° (occasionally about 60° in small branches). Stem and main branches c
![. Report upon the palaeontology of the province of Ontario [microform]. Paleontology; Paléontologie. im of DabnaniU* ranulea, which , Township of U. , very slightly srinal rim well- ce at the more irds the dor- itant from the ounded pita." on group, and very common itated surface rred to Bey- description, )out one line edly broader alluded to by 1 exceedingly y help specu- IMmanites precisely the :e Township of mestone, and nescription of to MhiMt weU hadiui eumplot 125 " Polyzoary adnata, attached parasitically to the exterior of corals, branching in an irre- gularly dichotomous man Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ4GKN/report-upon-the-palaeontology-of-the-province-of-ontario-microform-paleontology-palontologie-im-of-dabnaniu-ranulea-which-township-of-u-very-slightly-srinal-rim-well-ce-at-the-more-irds-the-dor-itant-from-the-ounded-pitaquot-on-group-and-very-common-itated-surface-rred-to-bey-description-out-one-line-edly-broader-alluded-to-by-1-exceedingly-y-help-specu-immanites-precisely-the-e-township-of-mestone-and-nescription-of-to-mhimt-weu-hadiui-eumplot-125-quot-polyzoary-adnata-attached-parasitically-to-the-exterior-of-corals-branching-in-an-irre-gularly-dichotomous-man-RJ4GKN.jpg ". Report upon the palaeontology of the province of Ontario [microform]. Paleontology; Paléontologie. im of DabnaniU* ranulea, which , Township of U. , very slightly srinal rim well- ce at the more irds the dor- itant from the ounded pita." on group, and very common itated surface rred to Bey- description, )out one line edly broader alluded to by 1 exceedingly y help specu- IMmanites precisely the :e Township of mestone, and nescription of to MhiMt weU hadiui eumplot 125 " Polyzoary adnata, attached parasitically to the exterior of corals, branching in an irre- gularly dichotomous man Stock Photo")
RMRJ4GKN–. Report upon the palaeontology of the province of Ontario [microform]. Paleontology; Paléontologie. im of DabnaniU* ranulea, which , Township of U. , very slightly srinal rim well- ce at the more irds the dor- itant from the ounded pita." on group, and very common itated surface rred to Bey- description, )out one line edly broader alluded to by 1 exceedingly y help specu- IMmanites precisely the :e Township of mestone, and nescription of to MhiMt weU hadiui eumplot 125 " Polyzoary adnata, attached parasitically to the exterior of corals, branching in an irre- gularly dichotomous man
RMRDE531–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 586 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Hyphae inflated at both apex and joints 2. Arthrobotiys. Hyphae not inflated Conidia spirally pleurogynous 3. Haplariopsis. Conidia solitary, acrogenous or capitate Conidia capitate at apex. .. 4. Cephalothecium, p. 586. Conidia solitary at apex Fertile hyphae long 5. Trichothecium. Fertile hyphae very short 6. Didymopsis. Fertile hyphae branched Branching irregular 7. Diplosporium. Branching verticillate 8. Diplocladium. Branching dichotomous; sterig- mata subtemate 9. Cylindrocladium. Conid
RMRDJH9C–. The essentials of botany. Botany. THa PLANT-BODT. 65 and in some cases provided with sucker-like organs, by means of which they absorb food from their hosts. 123. General Hodes of Branching of Members.—All the members of the plant-body may branch. This branching always follows one of two general methods. In the one the apex of the growing member divides into two new growing points, from which branches proceed: this is the Dichotomous mode of branching (Fig. 38). In the other Z Q. Fia. 40.—Diagrams of cyrao^e monopodial branching. A and B, scorpioid cymes; C, forked cymose monopodium, the com
RMRH9HNK–. Botany of the Faeröes, based upon Danish investigations. Botany -- Faroe islands. 364 branching, which was sometimes dichotomous, sometimes quite irregular. Along the coasts of the Færoes this species grows both in the littoral and in the snblittoral zone. In the former it occurs espe- cially along exposed shores near low-water mark, where it forms rather wide-spread almost pure societies more particularly on hori- zontal surfaees. In the sublittoral it occurs most often as an epi- phyte, e. g. on Laminaria species and Fucus: sometimes it may. Fig. 55. Rhodymenia palmata (L.) Grev. 1 : 1 (co
RMRDF33W–. The structure and development of mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae). Plant morphology; Mosses; Ferns. V. MOSSES (MUSCI): SPHAGNALES—ANDRE^ALES 163 giving rise to a protonema upon which, as usual, the gameto- phore arises as a bud. In size the gametophore of the Mosses ranges from a milHmetre or less in height in Buxhaumia and Ephemerum to 30 to 50 cm. in the large Polytrichacese and Fontinalis. The branching of the gametophore is never dichotomous, and so far as is known the lateral branches arise, not in the axils of the leaves, but below them. Underground >. i^/M <i^cSz W^4ij^^. Fig. 8
RMRE9MXY–. Contributions from the Osborn Botanical Laboratory. Plants. 372 Wuist: Branched prothallia Adiantum cimeatum Langsd. & Fisch.—Fig. 6, I-L. Branch- ing in this species occurred at an early stage in the development of the prothallia. The branches originated in the first cell of the filament and the growth in all cases was very rapid. In Fig. 6, L, is shown a pro thallium with a branch as long as the main filament. Adiantum trapeziforme L.—Fig. 7, A-G, represents branched prothallia of this species. Here branching was both dichotomous and monopodial. In Fig. 7, E, is shown an unusual case o
RMRE9MWW–. Contributions from the Osborn Botanical Laboratory. Plants. 378 Wuist: Branched prothallia Woodsia obtusa (Spreng.) Torr.—All the cases of branched prothallia of Woodsia obtiisa were observed on distilled water cultures; in two cases branching was dichotomous while in the other three cases it was monopodial. Fig. 12, B, shows the branch originated from the first cell of the filament. In Fig. 12, A, the branch originated from the slightly developed cell plate. Fig. 12, C, D, shows different stages in the development of the dichotomous branches. Fig. 12, E, was an interesting case of branching
![. The essentials of botany. Botany. Fio. 38.. FiQ. 39. Pig. 38.—Diagrams of dichotomous branchine. A, normal dichotomy, in which each branch is aerain dichotomoualy branched; B^ helicoid dichotomy, in which the right-hand branch, r, does not develop further, while the left-hand one, ly is in every case again branched; C, scorpioid dichotomy, in which the branches are alternately further developed. Flo. 39.—Diagram of botryose monopodial branching. The numerals indicate the "generations." but little from one another in whatever plants they may be found. The other root-forms are: (2) A Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDWC48/the-essentials-of-botany-botany-fio-38-fiq-39-pig-38diagrams-of-dichotomous-branchine-a-normal-dichotomy-in-which-each-branch-is-aerain-dichotomoualy-branched-b-helicoid-dichotomy-in-which-the-right-hand-branch-r-does-not-develop-further-while-the-left-hand-one-ly-is-in-every-case-again-branched-c-scorpioid-dichotomy-in-which-the-branches-are-alternately-further-developed-flo-39diagram-of-botryose-monopodial-branching-the-numerals-indicate-the-quotgenerationsquot-but-little-from-one-another-in-whatever-plants-they-may-be-found-the-other-root-forms-are-2-a-RDWC48.jpg ". The essentials of botany. Botany. Fio. 38.. FiQ. 39. Pig. 38.—Diagrams of dichotomous branchine. A, normal dichotomy, in which each branch is aerain dichotomoualy branched; B^ helicoid dichotomy, in which the right-hand branch, r, does not develop further, while the left-hand one, ly is in every case again branched; C, scorpioid dichotomy, in which the branches are alternately further developed. Flo. 39.—Diagram of botryose monopodial branching. The numerals indicate the "generations." but little from one another in whatever plants they may be found. The other root-forms are: (2) A Stock Photo")
RMRDWC48–. The essentials of botany. Botany. Fio. 38.. FiQ. 39. Pig. 38.—Diagrams of dichotomous branchine. A, normal dichotomy, in which each branch is aerain dichotomoualy branched; B^ helicoid dichotomy, in which the right-hand branch, r, does not develop further, while the left-hand one, ly is in every case again branched; C, scorpioid dichotomy, in which the branches are alternately further developed. Flo. 39.—Diagram of botryose monopodial branching. The numerals indicate the "generations." but little from one another in whatever plants they may be found. The other root-forms are: (2) A
RMRDWC42–. The essentials of botany. Botany. THE PLANT-BODY. 65 and in some cases provided with sucker-like organs, by- means of â which they absorb food from their hosts. 123. General Modes of Branching of Members.âAll the members of the plant-body may branch. This branching always follows one of two general methods. In the one the apex of the growing member divides into two new growing points, from which branches proceed: this is the Dichotomous mode of branching (Fig. 38). In the other / ^. »»> Fio. 40.âDiagrams of cymose monopodial branching. A and B, sdorpioid cymes; C, forked cymose monopodi
RMRGK0YA–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Botany. 88 N. K. B. ROBSON 14). In the more primitive and many relatively advanced species, further branching is also dichotomous (e.g. H. roeperanum, sect. 1. Campylosporus, Fig. 14a), but pinnation often occurs, especially towards the margin (e.g. in species of sect. 9. Hypericum, where it is accompanied by the looping of the laterals on to the midrib or on to each other, Fig. 14b). In foliaceous sepals (e.g. in H. przewalskii, Fig. 14c) a densely reticulate venation is produced; but this is always clearly a development from parallel or dive
![. Atoll research bulletin. Coral reefs and islands; Marine biology; Marine sciences. 1. Habit of plant. 2. Cell arrangement at branch base. 3. Apex of branchlet. Cladophoraceae, Cladophorales *Cladophora albida (Nees) Kiitzing 1843: 267. Annulina albida Nees 1820: index [1]. Thallus filamentous, undulating, spongy; to 10(-40) cm tall; pale yellow- green to dark green; branching irregular to dichotomous below, unilateral above, at apex of parent cell; branches gracefully curving or sickle shaped; rhizoids fine, short. Main filaments cylindrical, to 40(-80) /zm diam., 2-7 diameters long; branchl Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJWY0W/atoll-research-bulletin-coral-reefs-and-islands-marine-biology-marine-sciences-1-habit-of-plant-2-cell-arrangement-at-branch-base-3-apex-of-branchlet-cladophoraceae-cladophorales-cladophora-albida-nees-kiitzing-1843-267-annulina-albida-nees-1820-index-1-thallus-filamentous-undulating-spongy-to-10-40-cm-tall-pale-yellow-green-to-dark-green-branching-irregular-to-dichotomous-below-unilateral-above-at-apex-of-parent-cell-branches-gracefully-curving-or-sickle-shaped-rhizoids-fine-short-main-filaments-cylindrical-to-40-80-zm-diam-2-7-diameters-long-branchl-RJWY0W.jpg ". Atoll research bulletin. Coral reefs and islands; Marine biology; Marine sciences. 1. Habit of plant. 2. Cell arrangement at branch base. 3. Apex of branchlet. Cladophoraceae, Cladophorales *Cladophora albida (Nees) Kiitzing 1843: 267. Annulina albida Nees 1820: index [1]. Thallus filamentous, undulating, spongy; to 10(-40) cm tall; pale yellow- green to dark green; branching irregular to dichotomous below, unilateral above, at apex of parent cell; branches gracefully curving or sickle shaped; rhizoids fine, short. Main filaments cylindrical, to 40(-80) /zm diam., 2-7 diameters long; branchl Stock Photo")
RMRJWY0W–. Atoll research bulletin. Coral reefs and islands; Marine biology; Marine sciences. 1. Habit of plant. 2. Cell arrangement at branch base. 3. Apex of branchlet. Cladophoraceae, Cladophorales *Cladophora albida (Nees) Kiitzing 1843: 267. Annulina albida Nees 1820: index [1]. Thallus filamentous, undulating, spongy; to 10(-40) cm tall; pale yellow- green to dark green; branching irregular to dichotomous below, unilateral above, at apex of parent cell; branches gracefully curving or sickle shaped; rhizoids fine, short. Main filaments cylindrical, to 40(-80) /zm diam., 2-7 diameters long; branchl
![. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. THE GKEAT GROUPS OF ALG.E 251 feet long, whose stalk develops root-like holdfasts (Fig. 218). The largest body is developed by an Antarctic Laminaria form, which rises to the surface from a sloping bottom with a floating thallus six hundred to nine hundred feet long. Other forms rise from the sea bottom like trees, with thick trunks, numerous branches, and leaf-like appendages. The common Fucus, or " rock weed," is rib- bon-form and constantly branches by forking at the tip (Fig. 219). This method of branching is called dichotomous, as d Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RE1JPC/plant-studies-an-elementary-botany-botany-the-gkeat-groups-of-alge-251-feet-long-whose-stalk-develops-root-like-holdfasts-fig-218-the-largest-body-is-developed-by-an-antarctic-laminaria-form-which-rises-to-the-surface-from-a-sloping-bottom-with-a-floating-thallus-six-hundred-to-nine-hundred-feet-long-other-forms-rise-from-the-sea-bottom-like-trees-with-thick-trunks-numerous-branches-and-leaf-like-appendages-the-common-fucus-or-quot-rock-weedquot-is-rib-bon-form-and-constantly-branches-by-forking-at-the-tip-fig-219-this-method-of-branching-is-called-dichotomous-as-d-RE1JPC.jpg ". Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. THE GKEAT GROUPS OF ALG.E 251 feet long, whose stalk develops root-like holdfasts (Fig. 218). The largest body is developed by an Antarctic Laminaria form, which rises to the surface from a sloping bottom with a floating thallus six hundred to nine hundred feet long. Other forms rise from the sea bottom like trees, with thick trunks, numerous branches, and leaf-like appendages. The common Fucus, or " rock weed," is rib- bon-form and constantly branches by forking at the tip (Fig. 219). This method of branching is called dichotomous, as d Stock Photo")
RMRE1JPC–. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. THE GKEAT GROUPS OF ALG.E 251 feet long, whose stalk develops root-like holdfasts (Fig. 218). The largest body is developed by an Antarctic Laminaria form, which rises to the surface from a sloping bottom with a floating thallus six hundred to nine hundred feet long. Other forms rise from the sea bottom like trees, with thick trunks, numerous branches, and leaf-like appendages. The common Fucus, or " rock weed," is rib- bon-form and constantly branches by forking at the tip (Fig. 219). This method of branching is called dichotomous, as d
![. Atoll research bulletin. Coral reefs and islands; Marine biology; Marine sciences. 1. Habit of plant. 2. Cell arrangement at branch base. 3. Apex of branchlet. Cladophoraceae, Cladophorales *Cladophora albida (Nees) Kiitzing 1843: 267. Annulina albida Nees 1820: index [1]. Thallus filamentous, undulating, spongy; to 10(-40) cm tall; pale yellow- green to dark green; branching irregular to dichotomous below, unilateral above, at apex of parent cell; branches gracefully curving or sickle shaped; rhizoids fine, short. Main filaments cylindrical, to 40(-80) /zm diam., 2-7 diameters long; branchl Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJWY0C/atoll-research-bulletin-coral-reefs-and-islands-marine-biology-marine-sciences-1-habit-of-plant-2-cell-arrangement-at-branch-base-3-apex-of-branchlet-cladophoraceae-cladophorales-cladophora-albida-nees-kiitzing-1843-267-annulina-albida-nees-1820-index-1-thallus-filamentous-undulating-spongy-to-10-40-cm-tall-pale-yellow-green-to-dark-green-branching-irregular-to-dichotomous-below-unilateral-above-at-apex-of-parent-cell-branches-gracefully-curving-or-sickle-shaped-rhizoids-fine-short-main-filaments-cylindrical-to-40-80-zm-diam-2-7-diameters-long-branchl-RJWY0C.jpg ". Atoll research bulletin. Coral reefs and islands; Marine biology; Marine sciences. 1. Habit of plant. 2. Cell arrangement at branch base. 3. Apex of branchlet. Cladophoraceae, Cladophorales *Cladophora albida (Nees) Kiitzing 1843: 267. Annulina albida Nees 1820: index [1]. Thallus filamentous, undulating, spongy; to 10(-40) cm tall; pale yellow- green to dark green; branching irregular to dichotomous below, unilateral above, at apex of parent cell; branches gracefully curving or sickle shaped; rhizoids fine, short. Main filaments cylindrical, to 40(-80) /zm diam., 2-7 diameters long; branchl Stock Photo")
RMRJWY0C–. Atoll research bulletin. Coral reefs and islands; Marine biology; Marine sciences. 1. Habit of plant. 2. Cell arrangement at branch base. 3. Apex of branchlet. Cladophoraceae, Cladophorales *Cladophora albida (Nees) Kiitzing 1843: 267. Annulina albida Nees 1820: index [1]. Thallus filamentous, undulating, spongy; to 10(-40) cm tall; pale yellow- green to dark green; branching irregular to dichotomous below, unilateral above, at apex of parent cell; branches gracefully curving or sickle shaped; rhizoids fine, short. Main filaments cylindrical, to 40(-80) /zm diam., 2-7 diameters long; branchl
RMRJX0P2–. Atoll research bulletin. Coral reefs and islands; Marine biology; Marine sciences. 100 jim 100 ^m Phylum Rhodophyta Class Florideophyceae Order Ceramlales Family Rhodomelaceae 1. Schematic longitudinal section of branchlet showing tube- like cylinder of surface cells. 2. Transverse section of mature branch. 3. Transverse section of branchlet. Jama CCipillaCea Harvey 1 853: 84-85 Thallus: delicate, as tightly packed clumps or small cushions, 4-10 mm high, rose- red; branching widely dichotomous (angled 30°-45'). Branches cylindrical, 45-100 um diam., often recurved; apices pointed to occasion
![. Allan Hancock Pacific expeditions. [Reports]. Scientific expeditions. NO. 1 DAWSON : MARINE RED ALGAE OF PACIFIC MEXICO 141 Thalli saxicolous, densely tufted, forming compact, pulvinate clumps to 2.5 cm. high and 5 cm. broad; branching dichotomous and more or less decussate, the intervals mostly 2-3 mm.; branches cylindrical to compressed, 350-550 /a in diameter, a little broader at the forks, rigid, apparently unsegmented, with rather faint, zonal bands; apices truncate or blunt; genicula mostly concealed by calcification, widely separated (the intergenicula 1-2 or even 3 times forked), in Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RPX7WC/allan-hancock-pacific-expeditions-reports-scientific-expeditions-no-1-dawson-marine-red-algae-of-pacific-mexico-141-thalli-saxicolous-densely-tufted-forming-compact-pulvinate-clumps-to-25-cm-high-and-5-cm-broad-branching-dichotomous-and-more-or-less-decussate-the-intervals-mostly-2-3-mm-branches-cylindrical-to-compressed-350-550-a-in-diameter-a-little-broader-at-the-forks-rigid-apparently-unsegmented-with-rather-faint-zonal-bands-apices-truncate-or-blunt-genicula-mostly-concealed-by-calcification-widely-separated-the-intergenicula-1-2-or-even-3-times-forked-in-RPX7WC.jpg ". Allan Hancock Pacific expeditions. [Reports]. Scientific expeditions. NO. 1 DAWSON : MARINE RED ALGAE OF PACIFIC MEXICO 141 Thalli saxicolous, densely tufted, forming compact, pulvinate clumps to 2.5 cm. high and 5 cm. broad; branching dichotomous and more or less decussate, the intervals mostly 2-3 mm.; branches cylindrical to compressed, 350-550 /a in diameter, a little broader at the forks, rigid, apparently unsegmented, with rather faint, zonal bands; apices truncate or blunt; genicula mostly concealed by calcification, widely separated (the intergenicula 1-2 or even 3 times forked), in Stock Photo")
RMRPX7WC–. Allan Hancock Pacific expeditions. [Reports]. Scientific expeditions. NO. 1 DAWSON : MARINE RED ALGAE OF PACIFIC MEXICO 141 Thalli saxicolous, densely tufted, forming compact, pulvinate clumps to 2.5 cm. high and 5 cm. broad; branching dichotomous and more or less decussate, the intervals mostly 2-3 mm.; branches cylindrical to compressed, 350-550 /a in diameter, a little broader at the forks, rigid, apparently unsegmented, with rather faint, zonal bands; apices truncate or blunt; genicula mostly concealed by calcification, widely separated (the intergenicula 1-2 or even 3 times forked), in
RMRJXM1D–. Atoll research bulletin. Coral reefs and islands; Marine biology; Marine sciences. 22. 100 ftm 100/Lim 1. Branch apex - note incurved apices. 2. Branch with heavily corticated, spined joints. 3. Longitudinal section of joint. 4. Cross section of segment. 5. Cross section of joint. Centroceras clavulatum (C. Agardh) Montagne 1846:140. Ceramium clavulatum C. Agardh 1822b: 2. Thallus filamentous, stiff, entangled; to 20 cm long; dark brown-maroon; branching narrowly dichotomous; apices forked, slightly incurved, pincher- like; rhizoids filamentous, terminating in lobed disc. Branches 50-200 /xm
RMRJXM0B–. Atoll research bulletin. Coral reefs and islands; Marine biology; Marine sciences. 100 ftm 100/Lim 1. Branch apex - note incurved apices. 2. Branch with heavily corticated, spined joints. 3. Longitudinal section of joint. 4. Cross section of segment. 5. Cross section of joint. Centroceras clavulatum (C. Agardh) Montagne 1846:140. Ceramium clavulatum C. Agardh 1822b: 2. Thallus filamentous, stiff, entangled; to 20 cm long; dark brown-maroon; branching narrowly dichotomous; apices forked, slightly incurved, pincher- like; rhizoids filamentous, terminating in lobed disc. Branches 50-200 /xm dia
![. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. MONOGRAPH ON THE HYDROIDA OF SOUTHERN AFRICA 13 m A. STOLONIAL V (h) N geniculate straight B.UNBRANCHED. "fV ^¥^ ^ 1(=h) 7 % V» alternate opposite pinnate whorled spiral C. 1 ORDER OF BRANCHING podium scorpioid helicoid dichotomous G. SYMPODIAL BRANCHING Fig. 7. Types of stem and branching. The hydrocladium (h) corresponds to the stem in B, to a branch of the first order in C, to a branch of the second order in E, and to a branch of the third order in F.. Please note that these images are extr Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RMKCRW/annals-of-the-south-african-museum-=-annale-van-die-suid-afrikaanse-museum-natural-history-monograph-on-the-hydroida-of-southern-africa-13-m-a-stolonial-v-h-n-geniculate-straight-bunbranched-quotfv-1=h-7-v-alternate-opposite-pinnate-whorled-spiral-c-1-order-of-branching-podium-scorpioid-helicoid-dichotomous-g-sympodial-branching-fig-7-types-of-stem-and-branching-the-hydrocladium-h-corresponds-to-the-stem-in-b-to-a-branch-of-the-first-order-in-c-to-a-branch-of-the-second-order-in-e-and-to-a-branch-of-the-third-order-in-f-please-note-that-these-images-are-extr-RMKCRW.jpg ". Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. MONOGRAPH ON THE HYDROIDA OF SOUTHERN AFRICA 13 m A. STOLONIAL V (h) N geniculate straight B.UNBRANCHED. "fV ^¥^ ^ 1(=h) 7 % V» alternate opposite pinnate whorled spiral C. 1 ORDER OF BRANCHING podium scorpioid helicoid dichotomous G. SYMPODIAL BRANCHING Fig. 7. Types of stem and branching. The hydrocladium (h) corresponds to the stem in B, to a branch of the first order in C, to a branch of the second order in E, and to a branch of the third order in F.. Please note that these images are extr Stock Photo")
RMRMKCRW–. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. MONOGRAPH ON THE HYDROIDA OF SOUTHERN AFRICA 13 m A. STOLONIAL V (h) N geniculate straight B.UNBRANCHED. "fV ^¥^ ^ 1(=h) 7 % V» alternate opposite pinnate whorled spiral C. 1 ORDER OF BRANCHING podium scorpioid helicoid dichotomous G. SYMPODIAL BRANCHING Fig. 7. Types of stem and branching. The hydrocladium (h) corresponds to the stem in B, to a branch of the first order in C, to a branch of the second order in E, and to a branch of the third order in F.. Please note that these images are extr
RMRMHTM1–. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 236 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. Fig. 37. Leptogorgia capensis (Hickson, 1900). An entire colony, 340 mm in height. (1,5-2,5 mm in diameter and up to 170 mm long) that may be somewhat droop- ing. Branching is planar and dichotomous to slightly lateral. Branches are cylindrical and arise from a single basal stem. Anastomosis apparently does not occur. Retracted polyps may form low rounded protuberances (<1,0 mm high) or totally retract into coenenchyme leaving minute slits (<0,5 mm long)
RMRPWP1M–. The algae. Algae. I I. Fig. Ill Fucus. A, adult plant of F. serratus ( x 0-30). B, a marsh form of F. vesiculosus ( x 0-30). C-E, seedling stages of F. vesicu- losus showing origin of rhizoids and apical tiift of hairs. F, diagram to show method of segmentation of apical cell, A. bs = basal seg- ment, 55 = side segments. G, apical cell of young thallus. H, apical cell of old thallus. (A, B, after Taylor; C-H, after Oltmanns.) or alae are developed, these latter being of varying width with either entire or serrate margins. Branching, although apparently dichotomous, is in fact monopodial, the
![. Bulletin. Science. I.C r»m. /.0mrr c cssssse^3- Fig. 4. Muricea fruticosa. Type. A, calyx sclerites; B, smaller yellow calyx sclerites; C, coenen- chyme sclerites and sclerites surrounding calyx base. water," P. H. Sternberg, July 1863. Maximum colony dimensions 9.2 cm high, 9.4 cm wide, terminal stem width 2.5 mm. Type locality Pearl Islands, Panama, also taken at Zorritos, Peru; Corinto, Nicaragua, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico (Verrill 1864). Description.—Colony light brick red. Growth strictly in 1 plane, distinctly fan- shaped, branching mostly dichotomous with terminals of Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RH06H3/bulletin-science-ic-rm-0mrr-c-cssssse3-fig-4-muricea-fruticosa-type-a-calyx-sclerites-b-smaller-yellow-calyx-sclerites-c-coenen-chyme-sclerites-and-sclerites-surrounding-calyx-base-waterquot-p-h-sternberg-july-1863-maximum-colony-dimensions-92-cm-high-94-cm-wide-terminal-stem-width-25-mm-type-locality-pearl-islands-panama-also-taken-at-zorritos-peru-corinto-nicaragua-la-paz-baja-california-sur-mexico-verrill-1864-descriptioncolony-light-brick-red-growth-strictly-in-1-plane-distinctly-fan-shaped-branching-mostly-dichotomous-with-terminals-of-RH06H3.jpg ". Bulletin. Science. I.C r»m. /.0mrr c cssssse^3- Fig. 4. Muricea fruticosa. Type. A, calyx sclerites; B, smaller yellow calyx sclerites; C, coenen- chyme sclerites and sclerites surrounding calyx base. water," P. H. Sternberg, July 1863. Maximum colony dimensions 9.2 cm high, 9.4 cm wide, terminal stem width 2.5 mm. Type locality Pearl Islands, Panama, also taken at Zorritos, Peru; Corinto, Nicaragua, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico (Verrill 1864). Description.—Colony light brick red. Growth strictly in 1 plane, distinctly fan- shaped, branching mostly dichotomous with terminals of Stock Photo")
RMRH06H3–. Bulletin. Science. I.C r»m. /.0mrr c cssssse^3- Fig. 4. Muricea fruticosa. Type. A, calyx sclerites; B, smaller yellow calyx sclerites; C, coenen- chyme sclerites and sclerites surrounding calyx base. water," P. H. Sternberg, July 1863. Maximum colony dimensions 9.2 cm high, 9.4 cm wide, terminal stem width 2.5 mm. Type locality Pearl Islands, Panama, also taken at Zorritos, Peru; Corinto, Nicaragua, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico (Verrill 1864). Description.—Colony light brick red. Growth strictly in 1 plane, distinctly fan- shaped, branching mostly dichotomous with terminals of
RMRMH1PK–. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. GORGONIAN OCTOCORALS OF SOUTHERN AFRICA 269. Fig. 62. Trichogorgia flexilis Hickson, 1904. A. An entire colony, 90 mm in height. B. A single polyp 0,7 mm in length. C. Detail of a terminal branch 3,5 mm long. D. Polyp sclerites. Scale bar = 0,1 mm. Description The colonies examined range in length from 70 mm to 90 mm. Colonies are planar, branching is dichotomous, relatively sparse from a single basal stem. Polyps are densely arranged in two rows along each branch and are placed opposite or alternate
RMRMK18K–. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 220 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM Material SAM-H3257, Algoa Bay (33°59'S 25°40'E), 10 m, February 1984, 1 colony, SCUBA, W. R. Liltved. SAM-H3262, Algoa Bay (33°59'S 25°40'E), 10 m, February 1984, 1 colony, SCUBA, W. R. Liltved. SAM-H3917, Algoa Bay (33°59'S 25°40'E), 10 m, 20 May 1984, 1 colony, SCUBA, G. C. Williams. Description Colonies examined range in length from 185 mm to 650 mm. Colonies are upright, branching is dichotomous and planar. Branches arise from a single basal main stem. Branc
RMRDTWAT–. Plants; a text-book of botany. Botany. Fig. 93. Two common liverworts : to the left is Coitocephalus, a Marchantia form, ehowing rhizoids, dichotomous branching, and the conspicuous rhombic areas (areolse) on the dorsal surface; to the right is Anihoceros, with its simple thallus and pod-like sporogonia.^C'ALDWELL.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Coulter, John Merle, 1851-1928. New York, D. Appleton and c
RMRCHT61–. Elements of geology, or, The ancient changes of the earth and its inhabitants as illustrated by geological monuments. Geology. 470 FERNS—LEPIDODENDRON. [Ch. XXIV been referred to this genus. They consist of cylindrical stems or trunks, covered with leaf-scars. In their mode of branching, they are always dichotomous (see fig. 518). They are considered by Brongniart and Hooker to belong to the Lycopodiacece, plants of this family bearing cones, with similar sporangia and spores (fig. 521). Most of them grew to the size of large trees. The figs. 517-519 Tig. 517. Fig. 518.. Lepidodendron Sterno
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